فصلنامه مهارت آموزی
پیاپی 8 (تابستان 1393)

The objective of this study is to examine the level of the technical vocational educational Training (TVET) institutes in regards to human force education and formation of Human capital and training entrepreneurship ability. In order to do this, field methodology, based on a questionnaire and conducting interview, has been applied. The statistical population of this research is 9897 trainees of the eleven Kurdistan province institutes during the period of 1388-91. By using random sampling, 370 trainees have been selected. Contained method for the validity of the questionnaire and Cronbach's coefficient for reliability was used. The obtained results indicate that the institutes have some reliable achievements in the ground of training skilled labor force, human force and human capital. Also this educational program has developed entrepreneurship Skills between trainers. The result also shows that it is necessary to reconstruct and review the course, discipline and quality of education in regards to social and market needs and trends.

This study of pathology and presentation skills training, management strategies and appropriate education system is evaluated. They mixed methods research combines quantitative (questionare) and qualitative (interview) approaches were used. Research population included 256 experts in technical and vocational education and vocational training institutions, the University of Applied Science, University of vocational and academic staff in the universities and agencies. In view of the technical experts, and using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), two of the "lack of manpower in the country's macroeconomic policy" and "lack of coordination between the various institutions providing skills training in community service," the most vulnerable in the structure were identified. The most significant damage in the behavioral and contextual factors "Lack of adequate access to labor market information" and "lack of proper utilization of the skills of human resources' have been identified. The following contextual factors "of politicians involved in the development of quantitative skills training" and "lack of demand-driven skills training in skills training challenge is" one of the most important challenges of the country. Finally, one of the main results of this research, which was ranked by the experts at Vocational education Vocational education system in the country most vulnerable to the "structural" and then were behavioral dimensions and the content.

This article seeks entrepreneurial characteristics (Need for Achivement, Need for Iindependence, Creativity, Risk-Taking, Self-control and Tolerance of Ambiguity) to assess students. The design was descriptive survey conducted with the target application. A questionnaire was used to measure the variables. All Second and Third grade Knowledge and Work students of Chaharmahal VA Bakhtiari in the research community is composed among them; the number of students in 321 was elected to a multi-stage approach. The data obtained also by using t tests and analysis of variance were analyzed. Some of its findings are as follows: Average for all Knowledge and Work students in Iran entrepreneurial characteristics; Average characteristics of entrepreneurship (general), boys than girls, School students aged 17 than 16 years, Urban students, rural students who are the first child of Students, who are second or third child, Students whose parents are employed or self-employed parents than students who found jobs with monthly incomes or who are unemployed, Students who have a good relationship with the parents than students who are good or bad relationship with their parents, is more than mean.

Empowerment is a process though which a person can get his/her needs, internal (innate) demands and also his/her capabilities so with the desire of achieving his/her goals, they try to acquire necessary needed abilities and capabilities. In our country (Iran) despite the fact that half of the population is constituted by women and they have recently had an ascending growth from academic education degrees point of view, they haven't acquired appropriate positions in society regarding their legal, social and personal capabilities as they deserve.
Regarding this important fact, the purpose of this article is identifying: 1) factors affecting women's empowerment, 2) the elements or factors affecting their employability and 3) the methods or practices for empowering them so that they can acquire or obtain appropriate occupational and social status in society. In this article not only the relevant documents and rules regarding women employability and empowerment but also factors and practices for achieving above mentioned purposes have been studied and searched. The results of the research indicate that the factors such as acquiring market demanded skills in field of public relations regarding competency patterns, systematic review of the rules, job/occupational promotion policies and also rules and policies relevant to business finance and at the end changing the social beliefs and attitudes, all can influence women empowerment. The results of present research can be useful for executive(execution) policy makers and also useful for those women who are interested in their progress and development.

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the technical and vocational curriculum, in forms of general skills, with the labor market needs in Birjand city from an economical point of view.  The research methodology is a practical type and is based on a descriptive measurement approach. In this regard, two groups of professional and technical majors are selected and then studied comprehensively. The research community includes all the business owners in different fields of activity whose professional qualifications have been approved by the State Office of Vocational. Stratified sampling is applied in each of the disciplines and the sample size in each category is determined separately using Morgan table. Besides, a questionnaire which includes general skills has been prepared based on the existing literature. Face and content validity of the instrument has been confirmed by experts and reliability has been calculated and verified subsequently. Likewise, the collected data has been analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Our findings show that curriculum (general skills) of vocational training are matched with the needs of the labor market in most cases although some inconsistencies can be found in some cases.

Organizations need evaluation systems for development, growth,and stability in competitive area in order to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of their programs.The aim of this study was to present a performance assessment of technical and vocational training centers of Hamedan using Balanced Scorecard and Analytic Hierarchy Process. It is a descriptive research and an applied one by the purpose.All managers, experts, employees , trainers and trainees of Hamedan technical and vocational training organization in 2013 were the society of the research.Data collected through distributing two questionnaires among 186 employees and 384 trainees selected by simple random sampling and the results were analyzed by the software. Based on the research, the key indicators for the evaluation of the centers were identified and the centers  were ranked by calculation of weights and measures.The strengths and weaknesses points of the centers were identified by the results of the analysis ,too.The results of this research can be used in educational planning, codification of the centers evaluation framework and devloping policies by responsibles .

The present study aimed to investigate the role of skill learning in tendency to innovation, knowledge sharing and job performance by path analysis. 174 coaches of vocational technical centers in Tehran and Karaj have participated in the study. They responded to the questionnaires of skill learning, explicit knowledge, tacit knowledge, tendency to innovation and job performance. The results of path analysis shows that skill learning has direct, positive and significant impact on explicit and tacit knowledge, tendency to innovation and job performance. There was a direct, positive and significant impact of explicit and tacit knowledge on tendency to innovation and job performance. The direct impact of tendency to innovation on job performance was positive and significant. Skill learning has indirect, positive and significant impact on job performance via tendency to innovation, tacit and explicit knowledge. The indirect impact of explicit and tacit knowledge on job performance via tendency to innovation is significant. The findings emphasized the role of skill learning, tacit and explicit knowledge and tendency to innovation on job performance.