فهرست مطالب

Modern Care Journal
Volume:13 Issue: 1, Jan 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/11/28
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Sima Soorgi, Ali Mohammad Izadpanah*, Gholam Reza Sharifzadeh, Marziyeh Torshizi, Zohreh Khazaye, Mohammad Hasanpour Page 1
    Background
    Cesarean section is among the most important gynecological surgeries and is the most common surgery in the present era. Delayed wound healing is among the main post-cesarean complications. It dramatically affects female’s quality of life and causes frequent medical visits and even re-hospitalization.
    Objectives
    This study aimed at investigating the effects of grape seed extract on the approximation of cesarean section wound.
    Methods
    This double-blind randomized controlled trial was done during year 2015 on a convenient sample of 129 eligible females, who had undergone a cesarean section at Valiasr hospital, Birjand, Iran. The candidates were randomly allocated to a placebo and two experimental groups. In one experimental group, the participants were treated with 2.5% grape seed extract ointment (group A) while in the other, 5% ointment was used (group B). Wound approximation was measured by using the redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge, approximation (REEDA) scale at three time points including before ointment application (T1) as well as at the sixth (T2) and the fourteenth (T3) post-intervention days. The data were analyzed via the SPSS (v. 19.0) software and through analysis of variance, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Friedman’s, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests, at a significance level of 0.05.
    Results
    Before the study intervention, the difference among the groups regarding the mean score of wound approximation was not statistically significant (P = 0.14). However, there were significant differences among the groups regarding the mean score of wound approximation at T2 (P = 0.002) and T3 (P = 0.02).
    Conclusions
    The findings of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of grape seed extract ointment in accelerating cesarean wound closure. Therefore, the ointment can be used to accelerate wound healing after cesarean section.
    Keywords: Grape Seed Extract, Cesarean Section, Wound Healing
  • Marzieh Mogharab, Kazem Ayoubzadeh *, Seyed Mousal Reza Hosseini, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh Page 2
    Background
    Colonoscopy-associated anxiety can cause different complications and therefore, anesthesia, opioids or tranquilizers should manage it.
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of inhalation of aromatherapy with lavender on anxiety amongst patients undergoing a colonoscopy.
    Methods
    This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on patients referred to the colonoscopy center of Qaem (PBUH) Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Fifty patients were randomly allocated to either a control group or an aromatherapy group, 25 patients in each one. Once admitted to the hospital, the patients completed a demographic questionnaire and Spielberger’s State Anxiety Inventory. Afterward, for ten minutes, the patients in the aromatherapy group inhaled three drops of pure lavender essential oil, which was sprayed, by using a nebulizer, while patients in the control group inhaled five milliliters of distilled water in the same way as the patients in the experimental group. Finally, the patients in both groups were asked to recomplete the Spielberger’s State Anxiety Inventory both before and after undergoing a colonoscopy. The SPSS software (v. 19.0) was used to analyze data by the Chi-square, the Fisher’s exact test and the independent sample t-tests as well as the repeated measures analysis of variance at a significant level of less than 0.05.
    Results
    The mean anxiety scores in the aromatherapy group at the three measurement time points were 52.3 ± 6.4, 44.8 ± 7.1 and 47.5 ± 6.6 while these values in the control group were 52.4 ± 7.2, 50.1 ± 5.9 and 49.1 ± 5.2, respectively. After the intervention and before the colonoscopy procedure, there was a significant difference between the groups regarding the mean anxiety score (P = 0.002). Moreover, the amount of decrease in the mean anxiety scores at different time points was significantly greater in the aromatherapy group than in the control group (P
    Conclusions
    Inhalation of aromatherapy with lavender significantly reduces state anxiety amongst patients who are going to undergo a colonoscopy. Therefore, lavender aromatherapy can be used to reduce patients’ anxiety in clinical settings.
    Keywords: Anxiety, Colonoscopy, Inhalation Aromatherapy, Lavender
  • Bibi Narjes Moasheri, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh *, Morteza Nahardan, Khodamorad Soofi Page 3
    Background
    Depression is among the commonest mental disorders. Most students experience different levels of depression. Therefore, developing modern strategies, other than medication therapy, is of paramount importance to the prevention and management of depression among students.
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of music therapy on depression among male dormitory students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
    Methods
    This pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study was done on 236 male dormitory students, who had been recruited in the study through systematic random sampling. Eligible students completed the Beck Depression Inventory before and two months after the study intervention. The intervention included music therapy by using pieces of light soft music. The students were asked to listen to music tracks twenty minutes per day for two consecutive months. During these two months, they were monitored weekly to ensure their adherence to the intervention. The SPSS software (v. 16.0) was employed to analyze the data through running the Wilcoxon and the independent-sample t tests as well as the one-way analysis of variance at a significance level of 0.05.
    Results
    About 37.7% of the students suffered from different levels of depression. There was a significant difference between the pretest and the posttest values of depression (P = 0.001). In other words, the study intervention significantly reduced the mean score of depression from 11.00 ± 9.32 to 8.43 ± 9.6. The study findings also indicated that score of depression in the students did not differ significantly with marital status, place of residence, faculties and college semesters (P > 0.05).
    Conclusions
    The findings of the study indicated that music therapy is effective in alleviating depression. Therefore, it can be used to prevent and alleviate depression among dormitory students.
    Keywords: Music Therapy, Depression, Students
  • Mansooreh Abbasi, Mohammad Reza Miri *, Bibi Narjes Moasheri Page 4
    Background
    Despite the great benefits of physical activity, immobility is still a major health problem among females. Regular physical activity is associated with higher levels of health status and better quality of life.
    Objectives
    The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of physical activity training on middle-aged females’ quality of life.
    Methods
    This randomized controlled field trial was conducted on 88 middle-aged females who referred to Nehbandan district healthcare center, Nehbandan, Iran. The females were randomly and evenly allocated into a control and an experimental group. Then, an eight-session physical activity training program was implemented for the females in the experimental group. Study data were collected both before and one month after the intervention on a self-report basis and by the short-form 36-item quality of life questionnaire (SF-36) and two seven-choice questions to assess the length of physical activity in the past two weeks. Finally, the data were transferred to the SPSS ver. 16 and analyzed through running the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, the paired- and the independent-samples T, the Mann-Whitney U, the Wilcoxon, and the Chi-square tests. The level of significance was 0.05.
    Results
    Before the intervention, the means of quality of life in the experimental and the control groups were 67.77 ± 17.39 and 67.57 ± 14.18 which increased respectively to 81.66 ± 11.88 and 69.00 ± 14.81 after the intervention. The difference between the groups regarding the pretest values of quality of life was not statistically significant (P = 0.72); while after the intervention, this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.001). On the other hand, the pretest mean values of physical activity duration in the groups were 45.00 ± 30.53 and 43.24 ± 42.31 which increased respectively to 158.45 ± 53.35 and 58.75 ± 55.39 minutes after the intervention. Again, intergroup difference regarding the pretest values of physical activity duration was insignificant (P = 0.82); while after the intervention, this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.001).
    Conclusions
    Active engagement in physical activities has positive effects on middle-aged females’ quality of life. Therefore, developing and implementing training intervention is recommended to improve middle-aged females’ quality of life.
    Keywords: Training, Quality of Life, Physical Activity, Middle, Aged Females, SF, 36
  • Zohreh Azarkar *, Mohammad Reza Miri, Shima Arjmand Page 5
    Background
    Hepatitis E is among the most important health challenges in many countries. This study aimed at investigating the sero-prevalence of hepatitis E among blood donors in Birjand county, Iran.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed in 2013 - 2014 on 340 blood donors who referred to blood donation centers in Birjand county, Iran, for blood donation. The participants were recruited through simple random sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection which included items such as demographic characteristics, past medical history, history of blood transfusion, and the source of drinking water. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by an infectious disease specialist and a statistician. A five-milliliter blood sample was obtained from each donor and serological assessment was performed for detecting hepatitis E virus antibody by using the ELISA method. The data were analyzed through running logistic regression analysis using the SPSS software (version 15.0).
    Results
    From 340 participants, 319 cases (93.8%) were male, 256 cases (75.3%) held university degrees, 13 cases (3.8%) had a history of blood transfusion, and 50 cases (14.7%) were anti-hepatitis E positive. The result of serologic test was significantly correlated with the participants’ educational status, place of residence, and source of drinking water (P
    Conclusions
    The prevalence of hepatitis E in the present study was higher than previous studies, denoting the higher prevalence of hepatitis E in the area. Moreover, the prevalence of hepatitis E is lower among blood donors who have higher educational status, live in urban areas, and use piped water.
    Keywords: Hepatitis E Sero_Prevalence_Blood Donor
  • Raheleh Rajabi, Gholamhossein Mahmoudirad, Sayedeh Sakineh Sabzevari, Fariba Borhani, Ellnaz Yazdanparast, Motahareh Faramarzpor * Page 6
    Background
    Asthma causes different physical, emotional, and social limitations for the afflicted children and their families and reduces their quality of life. Therefore, the quality of life in families, particularly in mothers, needs to be enhanced through strategies such as empowerment.
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the Family-Centered Empowerment Model on quality of life among the mothers of asthmatic children.
    Methods
    A convenience sample of 172 mothers was recruited for this quasi-experimental study. Mothers were alternately allocated either to a control group or an experimental group based on the day in which they referred to the study setting. Accordingly, mothers who referred to the setting in odd and even days of a weak were allocated respectively to the control and experimental groups. A demographic questionnaire and the pediatric asthma caregiver’s quality of life questionnaire (PACQLQ) were used for data collection. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts (relevance: 0.98; clarity: 0.96; and simplicity: 0.94) while its reliability was confirmed by a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.88. A four-step empowerment program was implemented for the mothers in the experimental group based on the Family-Centered Empowerment Model. The four steps included knowledge improvement, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and evaluation. Mothers in the control group received no intervention during the study. Before and after the intervention, the mothers in both groups were asked to complete the study questionnaires. The data were described and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.
    Results
    There were no significant between-group differences regarding the mothers’ demographic characteristics and their baseline quality of life scores. However, after the intervention, the scores of quality of life and its physical limitation and emotional function domains were significantly lower in the experimental group, denoting higher quality of life (P
    Conclusions
    The Family-Centered Empowerment Model significantly improves quality of life among the mothers of children who suffer from asthma. Given the important role of mothers in giving care to their ill children, nurses are recommended to use the model to encourage mothers’ active participation in care giving to their children.
    Keywords: Family, Centered Empowerment Model, Quality of Life, Asthma, Mothers
  • Mahdi Esmaeilizadeh, Mohsen Shoja, Esmaeil Shoja, Mohammad Shoja, Hossein Nejat, Davood Oudi * Page 7
    Background
    Hospitalization in neonatal intensive care units predisposes preterm neonates to negative stimuli such as continuous 24-hour lighting.
    Objectives
    The present study was done to evaluate the effects of a cyclical lighting model on weight gain and length of hospital stay among preterm neonates.
    Methods
    This clinical trial was performed during year 2012 on 60 preterm neonates, who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit of Bentolhoda hospital, Bojnord, Iran. The neonates were conveniently recruited and randomly allocated to a control and an experimental group through permuted block randomization. The neonates in these groups were exposed to continuous and cyclical lighting, respectively. Their weight and sleeping time were measured both before and after the intervention. Moreover, the length of their hospital stay was documented. The data were analyzed through doing the independent-sample t and the Mann-Whitney U tests by using the SPSS software (v. 18.0) at a significance level of less than 0.05.
    Results
    Before the study intervention, the groups did not differ significantly regarding the neonates'' birth weight, Apgar score, height and sleeping time (P > 0.05). Compared with baseline values, the neonates'' weight in the control and the experimental groups increased significantly during the study by 263±52 and 232±48 grams, respectively (P = 0.02). Moreover, the means of hospital stay in the groups were 10.6 ± 1.5 and 9.1 ± 1.4 days (P=0.03) while the means of sleeping time were 17.03±2 and 18.3 ± 2 hours/day (P = 0.02), respectively.
    Conclusions
    Using cyclical lighting in the same way as usual day/night-based lighting is recommended for neonates, who are hospitalized at neonatal intensive care units.
    Keywords: Lighting, Darkness, Preterm Neonates, Weight Gain
  • Tayebeh Reyhani *, Vajihe Sanadgol Page 8
    Background
    Advances in midwifery and neonatal intensive care have prolonged preterm neonates’ survival and their stay at intensive care units. One of the major concerns for these neonates is their exposure to strong lighting and thereby, increased metabolism in their bodies.
    Objectives
    The objective of the present study was to analyze the effects of creating an artificial night on the pattern of weight gain among preterm neonates.
    Methods
    This quasi-experimental study was performed in 2012 on 38 preterm neonates, who had been hospitalized at the neonatal intensive care unit of Qaem hospital, Mashhad, Iran. The neonates were conveniently selected and randomly allocated to cyclical lighting (experimental) or continuous lighting (control) groups, nineteen in each one. The data from the neonates and their mothers were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and through interviewing the mothers, observing the neonates, and referring to their medical records. Moreover, the neonates were weighed before the intervention and also throughout the study on a daily basis. The data were analyzed via the SPSS software (v. 15.0) through running Chi-square and paired- and independent-sample t tests at a significance level of less than 0.05.
    Results
    There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the neonates’ gender, gestational age, birth weight, age and weight at the time of entering the study, duration of not receiving anything by mouth, daily calorie intake, and the length of premature rupture of membranes (P > 0.05). After the study intervention, the mean of neonates’ weight in the experimental group was significantly greater than the corresponding pretest value (P = 0.003). However, in the control group, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.52). Moreover, the pretest-posttest mean difference of the neonates’ body weight in the experimental group was significantly greater than the control group (P = 0.04).
    Conclusions
    Cyclical lighting can be used as an effective strategy to promote preterm neonates’ weight gain.
    Keywords: Weight Gain, Premature Infant, Lighting