مجله مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی
پیاپی 36 (پاییز 1395)

because of the intangibles nature of social dimension of sustainable development, against environmental and economic dimension, it is less attention. So, the purpose of this research is assessing and comparing the social sustainability indexes in the Sanglaj and Zarabkhane neighborhoods of Tehran. The research methodologies in this research is descriptive-analytical, and for data gathering, use Library and survey (questionnaire) methods. In this paper, security and access to services indexes as the independent indexes variable and participation, belonging of place, responsibility and social trust indexes as dependent variables was considered. The statistical population, Sangalaj and Zarabkhaneh neighbirhood Population is that, sample size of the study calculates by Cochran formula, with a confidence level of 95%, 320 people in each both neighborhood in each neighborhood 160 questionnaires randomly distributed. Analysis of data carry out by SPSS software (one sample T-test, Manova and Independent Samples Test) was used. The results show that in the Zarabkhaneh neighborhood indicators a place belongs and participation is not desirable, but the variables responsibility, social trust, security and quality of access to services are desirable, in the neighborhood Sanglaj is the only indicator of a good partnership. Finally, in terms of sustainability indicators evaluated in this study, between Zarabkhaneh neighborhood with average 3.42 and Sanglaj neighborhood whit average 2.75, is a significant difference.

In each community, health and remedy as the one of parts important social, decisive role in the persons health and wellbeing of the community. Present study with the aim of analysis the spatial distribution of health services from the perspective of spatial equity has been conducted in rural settlements Western Azerbaijan province. The research method is descriptive - analytical and Practical type. Data gathering in the form of 12 indicators, is documentary- Libraries method. In analyzing the data using models of Shannon entropy, TOPSIS, MORIS and in order to achieve the same result using method average ranks. Using these models and analyze each of them, rural settlements the county West Azerbaijan ranked and leveling space. The results show that rural settlements of Urmia and Khoy countyes in both models with rank 1 and 2 with good condition have been in the first and second level. And rural settlements counties Salmas Mahabad, Takab, Piranshahr, Naqadeh, Shahindej, Sardasht, Oshnavieh, Chalderan With ranks sixth up fourteenth are the fourth level. Results conducted field observations showed that in existing spatial inequality, Addition to the number of population Operating distance is also effective. Even with increasing distance from the city center, will be reduced the intensity of the enjoyment of facilities and services. This results is of polar growth policies, Followed by that, all facilities and power is concentrated in one or several regions and other regions act marginally eventually, with regard to existing spatial inequality provided Suggestions.

Management and planning for urban growth and reduce the adverse effects of changes in land use and urban growth factors is necessary. In the present study logistic regression model, as a high capacity data-driven model has many variables involved To analyze the development of the city and the relationship between urban growth patterns and the factors driving it is being used . This research is descriptive analytic functional purpose. In this study, using the classification of satellite images over a 22 year period (1989-2011) Using maximum likelihood method changes cover/land Tabriz and surrounding lands were discovered and analyzed. The 14 independent variables and the dependent variable factors driving urban growth or urban development has taken place over the last 22 years were tested . The modeling was done for the period 2011 and 2033. Using data from 1368 to 2011 was modeled urban growth Consistent output over the map in 2011 with the actual land use map of 1390 confirmed the accuracy of the modeling contract. Finally, growth in 2033 was modeled to show results The possibility of development in the South East or North West of Tehran road (towards Marand and Bazargan border) and South West (towards Azarshahr) is the more than. To validate the modeling and understanding the factors that influence urban growth ROC method was used The results of the effects of the distance from the gardens and urban land And then factors in the development of arid lands and gardens is over 22 years.

Immigration and human displacement is among important population phenomena that attracted scholars’ attention from various disciplines. Villagers’ staying in the villages and the age structure of the population is a function of various factors including economic, social, cultural and particularly natural factors which affect village to city immigration. Regarding its specific political and natural status, Sistan area as a population-repellent place has always seen immigration of villagers to the cities and other parts of the country. Despite harsh natural conditions, some of the age groups show no willingness to leave their hometown and residence and feel belonged to it. Having this in mid, the aim of the present research is to investigate age groups staying in rural areas of Hirmand County. The methodology used is based on documents, field studies and questionnaire filling. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. The results show that the highest mean of staying related to the age group 41-50 years, followed by 31-40 years; and the lowest mean of staying was for the age group below 20 years and 21-30 years. It can be claimed that people between the ages of 30 and 50 who are in the middle of their lives stay more than the youth age group. Besides, of the factors affecting villagers’ stay, economic factors such as having an agricultural land comprised the highest amount. Therefore, it is suggested that provisions be made for villagers of various age groups to stay in the region by government’s offering low-interest loans to the farmers, creating job opportunities, giving loans for safe and appropriate house reconstruction, welfare, educational and health care facilities.

Rural areas are the first vulnerable region in the face of natural hazards and are not insured against such risks. These areas, depending on their geographical location is affected by specific natural hazards due to more extreme poverty and the limited knowledge and technology compared to other human settlements against natural hazards are more vulnerable. For this reason, use of the potential of rural areas to reduce vulnerability is imperative. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of creating capacity in the Anjirab rural district to reduce the amount of possible damages caused by earthquake. The purpose has been used descriptive - analytical method and field surveys. The study population was Anjirab rural district at Gorgan city which 4 populated village of this rural district, including Mohammadabad, Akbarabad, Zangian and Sadabad is selected and 200 heads of households were selected using Cochran formula and questionnaire was distributed randomly between them. Results obtained using the Friedman test and Spearman Spss software represent Anjirab rural district high capacity in physical- spatial and institutional dimensions.

In modern societies, because of the connection of lifestyle to important problems (parts) of life including consumption pattern, personal and social identity, realization of distinguish power, selection or at least creating feeling of freedom, it plays an important role in human life .These are factors explaining some parts of fundamental aspects of human. Cultural, sports and art spaces, as some parts of public spaces, have effects on changing of lifestyle and views of people, so the main purpose of this study is to evaluate the impacts of five cultural ,sport and art spaces of district 18 of Tehran, form 2001 till now, on lifestyle changing. Public spaces have provided the required basis for citizens’ interaction and by offering services to them can be considered as some factors effecting lifestyle changing and improving life quality of citizens. So by applying Cochran model, 385 questionnaires were distributed among those who came to these spaces. For analysis we applied T-test. The results of this study showed that sport, art and cultural spaces were provided the basis for lifestyle changing of citizens from traditional to modern life. Then with respect to AHP, “Pardis Tamasha” has the highest score and “Shahidan Ismaeli sport complex” has the lowest score in offering services and the amount of influencing.

The use of quantitative methods and criteria for the classification of human settlements in the spatial system of regions, on the one hand led to the recognition of inequality of settlements and on the another hand is the criteria for effort to reduce and eliminate the inequality among them. In order to solve the problems of regional imbalance, the first step of recognition, is the classification of the regions in terms of enjoyment of different facilities.In this study, eight indicators were used to evaluate the development's degree of counties of Ardabil province by TOPSIS analysis. The method is descriptive and analytical.In this classification, Khalkhal county by 0.72 of development's factor has the highest degree of development and Bilehsavar by 0.07 has the lowest degree of development in Ardabil province. Based on this research center- around pattern is dominated on the spatial structure of the Ardabil. The aim of this study was to evaluate city of Ardabil province to be based on regional balance in the province, private capital in connection with the various services to underserved areas and then allocated to other areas of the region took a step toward balance and the judgment of social justice, equality and we see the problems and negative consequences of this imbalance will be reduced.

Lack of integrated management of tourism development, lack of education, and poor professional knowledge and traditional approach to the tourism and etc. are tourism problems of Chaboksar. Urban tourism development requires knowing the potentials and capabilities of the urban environment and the proper use of it. Therefore the strategic assessment of the potential and limitations of tourism and providing the appropriate strategy to improve the present situation and tourism development of the city is essential. It should be done corresponding to the economic, environmental, historical, and cultural and identity of different places and should be done according to scientific discovery of potentials and reasonable demands of tourists. Because of natural resources (sea and forest) and unique beauty, passing the national highway through it, Chaboksar would be strategic, so that requires a strategic planning for development. The purpose of this study is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the city in tourism and explore the future opportunities and constraints, removing obstacles and provide a strategic approach to tourism development in the city. The research method is descriptive and analytical; the type of this study is practical and implemented mensurably. In this regard, 365 residents and 20 experts were selected and a questionnaire was completed. The results show that despite having tourism potential and actual capacities, due to the diversity and depth of the weaknesses and threats and missing the opportunities, Chaboksar is far from a tourism favorable conditions. Therefore defensive strategy at the present time is the most appropriate strategy for the development of tourism in Chaboksar.

Today in Iran, the rural guidance project, is the most important tool in the rural development management. These projects mainly focus on the physical aspects of rural areas and the major implemented or executed rural guidance projects have also physical aspects. In this regard, the main objective of this study is the investigation of the effects of the implementation of the guidance project on the development of the khorashad village. The nature of this study is descriptive-analytic and in descriptive method, the data was gathered through library studies and field operations by questionnaires. In the analytic method, according to the study hypotheses, the Pearson correlation test is used. The population of this study is the household headmen in village Khorashad, which 77 person of them have been calculated using the Cochran formula and questionnaires distributed among them. Validity of the questionaire is approved by experts and scholars in the related field of study. The results of the study showed that the inhabitants of rural areas were satisfied the implementation of the guidance project and extent of the effectiveness and success of the guidance project evaluated well in relation with housing indicators, physical, health and land use.