فصلنامه طب و تزکیه
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 1 (پیاپی 98، بهار 1395)

Recently ethics of care has been one of approaches which has being discussed and developed its theoretical basis by nursing ethical theorists. The aim of this article is to introduce this approach and its entry to nursing.
For developing this article, a comprehensive search in international and Iranian engine sites in Internet using keywords like ethics of care, Feministic ethics, care of ethics, nursing ethics and philosophical approaches in ethics of medicine without time limitation has been done. Related articles were selected and used based on aims of this study for developing the article.
The article has been divided to sections includes introduction, introduction to history of ethics of medicine, ethics of care and ethics of care in nursing. Care has been defined as a sense of being worry and feeling empathy for someone and to be commitment about him. Care of ethics has begun as a feministic movement and emphasized care as a feministic virtue which can be used for being commitment about others. Care of ethics unless teleological and deontological views is context based, objective, and emotion based. In the recent years, nursing ethical theorist has been attentive to this approach. The article discusses the current knowledge and the forward way to the development of a unique care of ethics in nursing.
Nowadays ethical theorists in nursing have not accepted ethics of care as a dominant ethical approach for nursing but for creating a more professional independency, it has been discussed as a complement for current ethical approaches used in nursing ethics.

Burnout has been described as a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased personal accomplishment, and may occur during medical school The aim of this study was to determine the burnout level , mental health status and related factors among Senior Medical Students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences in 2011.
In this cross-sectional study, All Senior Medical student were considered for participation in the study in 2011. Maslach Burnout Inventory and GHQ12 were used .data were analyzed using descriptive statistics,χ2,ANOVA tests in SPSS(15) software.
The participants were 92 students with mean age of 25.74 ± 1.51 years . 38% of study subjects had moderate to severe level of Burnout.23.9%,28.3% and 20.7% of subjects had abnormal scores on Emotional exhaustion ,depersonalization and personal accomplishment subscales respectively. 31.5% of cases suspected to have mental disorder by GHQ . significant association was found between mental disorder and burnout level ib students.(p=0.034) No significant association was found between age ,sex ,marital status, with Burnout level of the subjects.
Burnout is prevalent among medical students . Therefore, medical students in order to get help from counseling centers are encouraged, including life skills and stress management workshops to help them be considered.

Psychological pressure is one of the most common diseases of modern times and about six percent of the world's population suffers from mental illness. In the meantime religion plays a supporting role. This study was conducted with aim to relationship between Quranic Intimacy and Psychological health of students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
This study was descriptive - analytical study that was conducted cross-sectional in 2015. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire consisted of three parts: demographic information, Quranic Intimacy questionnaire and a test of mental health. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 software and Pearson correlation test, t-test and ANOVA.
In the mental health component, most students were in good condition. There was a significant relationship between familiarity with the Quran and the attitude of the Quran. Also there are a significant relationship between familiarity and attitude of the Quran and Psychological health.
there are a significant relationship between familiarity and attitude of the Quran and Psychological health. So plan to develop a culture of familiarity with the Quran and promoting ways that students tend to, is important.

Hospitals as the largest and most costly units in health care systems play a special role. The rate of their efficiency can be considered as a criterion for the measurement of performance and productivity of resource consumption in hospitals. The aim of this study was to Assessment of the technical efficiency of teaching hospitals of Tehran using data envelopment analysis before and after health Sector Revolution
This was an applied descriptive survey. In this study¡ relative efficiency of 32 hospitals were analyzed between. For this purpose¡ input-oriented DEA technique with the assumption of variable return to the scale was used. The necessary information was extracted from scientific documents¡ and the data related to input and output indices were collected from Ministry of Health. The collected data were then analyzed by DEAP.
The average management efficiency of hospital before and after health Sector Revolution was 0.974. The average technical efficiency of hospitals before and after health Sector Revolution was 0.961 and 0.955. In all of the hospitals, there were not relationship between efficiency and health Sector Revolution.
According to what was said, it seems that health Sector Revolution has not changed much on hospital performance and efficiency of hospitals in the three universities. In general, although the performance of hospitals was desirable, but managers need to promote greater efficiency in hospitals and to make greater efforts to achieve the necessary planning to do it.

the teaching of medicine before Islam comes from medicine in ancient Greece. However, after Islam it was suffered a dramatic transformation and flourishing. The first tip which was the most important, the ethical training of qualified people to medicine and after Islam more widely seen this method of training. The aim of this study was to compare the modern methods of teaching theoretical subjects with the ways of Islam.
in this study, we used the existing articles in scientific valid sites including Pubmed, Scopus Magiran, SID and the books related to the discussion of medical education in the new era after Islam and medical education.
The medical training is divided into two categories: theoretical training and practical training. The easiest method of theoretical teaching was the master round hoop which used for the first time by the Prophet Mohammad. Other methods such as debate, emphasis on problem solving that nowadays considered as Problem-Based Learning (PBL), or the use of an algorithm and tabulating and providing educational materials along with theoretical teaching methods, and offering lesson plans also help a lot to learn of educational content.
comparing the various methods of teaching medicine in that era with the procedures today as new teaching methods show that medical education program after Islam were high regulated in the content of the curriculum and teaching methods which many of them are comparable with the today's principles of medical education.