Journal of Applied Chemical Research
Volume:9 Issue: 2, Spring 2015

A simple method for the synthesis of octahydroquinazolinone derivatives in the presence of BF3.SiO2 and Insecticide activity of these compounds against spodoptera litura was investigated to be comparable to commercial pyrethroid insecticides, Cypermethrin and Cyhalothrin. The structure of the isolated compounds was characterized by 1HNMR and FTIR spectroscopy.The proposed method had some advantages such as high yield, mild reaction condition, ease of operation and workup, high product purity and green process.

A novel, convenient and efficient three-component reaction for synthesizing substituted pyrroles from primary amines and electron deficient acetylenic compounds in the presence of ammonium thiocyanate in water leads to the formation of pyrroles in good yields.

In the present work, a stainless steel wire was etched by hydrochloric acid during a chemical etching process. The obtained black layer on the surface of the fiber was used as sorbent for extraction of trace amount of phthalates in the aqueous samples by solid phase microextraction. New fiber efficiency was investigated using a home-made solid-phase microextraction (SPME) device and gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The effect of the key parameters on extraction and desorption process such as extraction time, extraction temperature, salt addition, desorption time and temperature were optimized. New fiber has easy made process, high thermal and mechanical stability and low-cost. Validation of the method was carried out under the optimized condition and the results showed that calibration curves were linear in the range of 5 to 300 μg L−1 for the target analytes. Limits of detection were ranged between 0.02-1.8 μg L−1 (S/N=3). Intra-day, Inter-day and fiber-to-fiber reproducibilites were investigated in different concentrations (at a concentration of 50 μgL−1, precisions were between, 2.94-6.15, 6.85-8.13 and 8.90-13.76 respectively).

In this study, a hydrogel composed of acrylamide (AAm) with N-vinylimidazole (NVI) as co-monomer, with a cross-linker such as N, N` Methylenebisacrylamide and potassium peroxodisulfate as an initiator solution was prepared. Poly (AAm/NVI) hydrogels were synthesized by free radical solution polymerization. Swelling experiments were performed in water at 25°C, gravimetrically. Here, it was of interest to increase the water absorption capacity of AAm hydrogels with add VI. AAm is a highly hydrophilic monomer, and VI monomer is neutral. The one purpose of this study is to combine both monomers in one polymer. In this respect, a series of hydrogels was synthesized by changing the content of AAm and VI. Then, some swelling of these hydrogels was studied in water.

The applications of zerovalent iron nanoparticles in environmental remediation have led to the development of green methods in their synthesis. This study for the first time reports on the green synthesis of zerovalent iron nanoparticles using Thuja orientalis extract as the reducing and capping agent at room temperature. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized with different techniques such as XRD, ICP/AES, UV-Vis spectroscopy, SEM, and EDX. The reaction was completed within the first seconds. It was found that phenols and reducing sugars present in the extract have an important role in the production of nanoparticles. Complete degradation of methylen blue as a model pollutant was performed using these nanoparticles. Zerovalent iron nanoparticles showed a strong antibacterial effect on B. subtilis and E. amylovora bacteria. As a consequence, this green and rapid method can compete with chemical synthesis methods, and the synthesized nanoparticles can be applied to the degradation of pollutants and bacteria.

Titanium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via a solvothermal treatment of titanium isopropoxide in the presence of L-lysine (lysine). The prepared nanostructures characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), diffraction scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Results exhibited that peptization in the absence of the additive led to the non-uniform (from nano to micro size) anatase particles, while well-dispersed anatase nanoparticles were obtained in the small range from titania-lysine precursor. Well-organizing the growth of anatase particles during the calcinations can be attributed to initial amorphous phase of the as-synthesized lysine sample.

Two new symmetrical Schiff bases have been prepared by the condensation of ethylenediamine and two benzaldehyde derivatives, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2,4 dimethoxybenzaldehyde. The electronic transitions within these Schiff bases molecules in chloroform solvent have been investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The 1H NMR and IR spectra were studied and assigned to related groups. Furthermore, Two iron complexes with mentioned Schiff base have been synthesized by the reaction of titled ligands and transition metal ion, Fe (III) in the ratio of 1:1. The iron complexes have been characterized as well.

Stable derivatives of oxaphosphaphenanthrenes were prepared using multicomponent reactions of 3-bromo-2-naphthol, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate and trimethyl or triphenyl phosphite under microwave conditions with good yields.

In the present work, cupric oxide (CuO) films were obtained through thermal annealing of the copper (Cu) films deposited on quartz substrates by DC magnetron sputtering method. The annealing was performed in air atmosphere for different times ranging from 60-240 min at temperature of 400 ºC. The influence of annealing times on structural and morphological properties of the films was investigated by different analyses. The XRD results showed that the as-deposited film was Cu, while those annealed at different times were composed of CuO. By increasing annealing times up to 180 min, the intensity of CuO diffraction peaks increased and further enhancement of annealing times led to decrease of the crystallinity. Also, the AFM images of the films conformed the dependence of surface morphology to annealing times.

MCM-41 mesoporous silica is synthesized based on a self assembly method, using a quaternary ammonium template, CTAB for the adsorption of sulfur compounds from model oil (1.0 mmol/l DBT in dodecane solution). Then the adsorption capability of MCM-41 assembled on the surface of bacterium Rhodococcus erythropolis IGTS8 is examined regarding the improvement of the biodesulfurization process of the oil compound based on the measurement of DBT consumption rate and 2-HBP production. Study of the model oil desulfurization by the cells assembled with MCM-41 nanosorbent showed a further improvement in DBT reduction rate in comparison with the free cells. The results of the investigations showed that the maximum specific desulfurization activity in terms of DBT consumption rate and 2-HBP production are 0.34 μmol DBT min-1 g DCW-1 and 0.126 μmol 2-HBP min-1 g DCW-1 which indicated an increase of 19% and 16% compared to the highest specific desulfurization activity of free cells, respectively.

Nanomagnetic NiFe2O4 was used as the efficient, stable, reusable catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols to their corresponding carbonyl compounds using oxone (potassium hydrogen monopersulfate) as oxidant in the presence of water as solvent at room temperature. The oxidation of various primary and secondary alcohols has been examined and related corresponding products were obtained with good yields. The catalyst was investigated with XRD, SEM, ICP and IR techniques. Furthermore, the catalyst could be easily recovered and reused for several times without loss of activity.

A green and efficient one-pot synthesis of benzylamino coumarin derivatives was conducted by a three-component condensation of 4-hydroxycoumarin, cyclic secondary amine, and aromatic aldehyde in the presence of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) as a heterogeneous catalyst in water at room temperature.