مجله طب سنتی اسلام و ایران
سال هفتم شماره 4 (پیاپی 28، زمستان 1395)

Background and In response to growing concerns about the problem of obesity, healthcare organizations worldwide are seeking ways to control this disease. According to recent studies, existing drugs for obesity had little effect and cause complications leading to limitation of their use. However, people tend to consume medicinal plants has increased. Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) considers obesity as a serious and fetal disease. This study is trying to investigate this problem by reviewing important traditional medical and medicinal treatises.
Methods and Materials: Three different types of treatises including medical, mono ingredient drugs and multi ingredient compound books from the 900 years of golden area of Islamic Medicine were investigated.
In medical treatises, the cause of obesity, related diseases, consequences, and the method deals with weight loss including diet and changing life style are mentioned. Two classes of drugs are pointed in Materia books: Anti-obesity (Mohazzel) and anti-appetizer (Mosaghet-e eshteha). This investigation results in 16 anti-obesity and 14 anti-appetizer medicines. In addition 8 compound formularies consisting of 30 different materia were found in Qarabadin books.
Discussion and According to the prevalence of obesity and its complications, as well as the capability of TPM, studying and investigating the solutions and medicines provided by this school can be helpful.

Background and gynecology including medical problems , especially in the scope of women and birth and duties known to death during childbirth is following the women . The question is that scientists and sages Muslim causes and hard elements in the diagnosis and treatment plan also them? To answer the above question, this study was designed.
Methods and Materials: The study was conducted library research. By studying medical books Islamic period in the field of gynecology regarding especially the curing of difficult parturition The Islamic physicians were. A total of 19 books and was the Islamic period.
It seems that physicians Islamic period without a microscope and electronic devices and only on success in the diagnosis and treatment of the signs and symptoms became gynecology. Clinical findings of the original study obstetrician is likely to be at least as useful clinical trial.

Background and Healthy nutrition and preventive food strategies can play an important role in decreasing geriatric complications. According to the Persian medicine point of view, the first step on disease prevention and treatment is a healthy diet.
Methods and Materials: A review on available literature including credible textbooks and scientific papers from both Persian medicine and conventional medicine was performed. Similarities and differences between the two medical viewpoints were evaluated and presented.
in Persian medicine, healthy diet and nutrition for different age groups are described in detail. Some points presented in Persian medicine are in accordance with conventional medicine. On the other hand, the differences may provide valuable ideas for future research projects.

Background and sleep is the one of the gift of god that comprehends almost one of third age of human. Man and all live existence need to rest for force renewal. Sleep is committal rest that natural encompass human and compelled him for day-off all mater and important section of mentality acts and only system of body that are necessity for continue of body life are occupied act numerous calm and slow. Versus awaking, is necessary for body and has certain effects. Sheikh definition sleeps in GHANON to return soul to source and stop sense and motion. His belief that sleeps occur with outward senses and through inside senses inverse awaking is mode that that soul in it is occupied suasion senses and use them.
Methods and Materials: Although about issue sleep in different sciences has happen research but must we do not ignor that about effect sleep and awaking on boudy and soul and quality temper and pulse do not happen comprehensive research thus we purpose in writing with use of study books and works medicine man example EBNE SINA and his exegetes research about this issue.
In the point of Shykhoreis sleep and awaking has effect on body and soul human. for example about effect sleep on brain he belief that when occur for man sleep or happen for the heavy sleep, firstly day- off(stop) his eye and ear. Thus we search that source in front brain. Also the beliefs that sleep make cause members and organs, certain humidity sensual canals. Versus mode mild awaking make because act senses and bring energy dispossess body form depravity. Awaking make because increase stomach, repulse extra material of body and decrease digestion (obligatory mention that if com awaking long- time has effect on body and soul and has attendant abundant harms. Buali has belief that inset time sleep and awaking in different people as for temper and nature men will different. If he affirm individuals that much sleep or see distracted sleep this matter is mark their humidity temper. As Buali was prominent medico and in each issue do not pay attentions one view and pay attention to all dominions of bind human. Here in issue sleep and awaking too do not ignore of pulse as artery of soul and its quality beating in mode sleep and awaking and with elegantly way pay in it. For example quality beating pulse has studied in mode natural sleep intellect and weak.
In the point of Avesina sleep and awaking as spiritual material issue have effect on body and its temper and spiritual moods and meantime must pay attention to temper individuals and also quality beating pulse in this moods that each one of the situations will different pulse and temper moods.

Background and It is believed that tuberculosis has been killing human beings for over 4000 years. After developing powerful drugs, scientists imagined it would be eradicated; but emerge of drug resistant strains changed the result. Thus the main aim of this study is to compare traditional and modern medicine in order to achieve new effective drugs on the basis of traditional medicine and natural origin.
Methods and Materials: This is a descriptive library study. The majority of references was searched and studied by the "comprehensive medicine software". Then the most recommended drugs pharmacology is explained according to traditional medicine researches. Either modern medicine drugs for TB treatment, in recent articles or other resources, are reviewed. For a better understanding of drugs mechanisms, structure and metabolism of mycobacterium is discussed.
the most recommended drug in Islamic Iranian traditional medicine is garlic and donkey milk respectively. The garlic effective material, Allicine, targets many pathways in causing bacterium, and fortunately doesnt have serious side effects. Some of the most important drugs of modern medicine for TB treatment are Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Streptomycin and Ethambutol. Which all of them target a limited part of bacterium in addition to dangerous toxicities.
according to the drugs mechanisms, it’s a short way for bacterium to gain resistance against modern medicine drugs, by changing one pathway or target after a simple mutation. In comparison when facing with the natural drug, garlic, which targets multiple pathways simultaneously, it loses to survive. Finally comparing side effects, suggests designing of effective and less side effect drugs, by combining traditional and modern medicine.

Background and Results of studies have introduced different causes for diet habits including socio-economic status, education, and nutritional knowledge. But temper or Mizaj has not been considered yet. According to traditional medicine, Mizaj can determine physical, psychological and affection characteristics. So, the purpose of present study was prediction of dietary habits according to hotness and coldness of Mizaj in non-athletic youth
Methods and Materials: This study was a kind of descriptive – correlational which was performed cross sectional at 1393. 280 collegiate students (male: 102, femal: 178) were selected as subjects of the study through random stratified sampling method. A Standard questionnaire was used for determining Mizaj and a research made validated questionnaire was used for evaluating dietary habits. Multiple regression tests was used for data analysis.
hotness and coldness of Mizaj was significant predictor of dietary habits (P=0.008), but moistness and dryness were not significantly correlated to dietary habits.
According to study findings, increasing hotness score is negative predictor of dietary habits. Probably dietary habits can be provided according to Mizaj type, but regarding to lack of enough related research every recommendations require more future research.

Background and Paralysis is a common cause of disability affecting all age groups. There is no definite method for treating these patients in conventional medicine.
Methods and Materials: In this study, treatment methods for paralysis based on both Iranian Traditional Medicine and the conventional medicine concepts are reviewed.
Iranian traditional medicine represents a variety of treating methods for paralysis. Dr Abdollah Ahmadieh (1886-1959) has reported the use of these methods on his patients with paralysis that has resulted in recovery.
The success of paralysis treatment in these case reports is noteworthy since there is no certain method in the conventional medicine in this field. Considering the low sample size and lack of control group in these reports, it is necessary to design clinical trials and assess these techniques in conventional medicine.

Background and Air pollution and its different health-related aspects pose serious problems for health and medical authorities. Air pollution is also discussed in traditional medicine literature. The present article outlines the views expressed on this subject in olden times by renowned traditional medicine practitioners (called “hakim” in Persian) and the measures recommended by them for dealing with this problem.
Methods and Materials: In this review study, valid Iranian medicine literature and articles published in scientific databases were used based on certain criteria. The relevant Material was extracted by searching certain keywords, and then categorized, reviewed, and analyzed.
In traditional medicine, air pollution (termed “Vabae air” in Iranian traditional medicine) is due to stench and corruption entering the “essence” of air, thus changing its natural quality. The preventive approach in facing such polluted air is defined through the notion of lifestyle modification based on six fundamental health maintenance principles. Of these, air-related solutions, nutrition, [physical] inactivity/activity, and excretion/accumulation of different materials by the body are the most important.
The similarity between emergence of "Vabae air’s” symptoms and air pollution as well as the prevalence of the diseases related to it opens up the possibility of using traditional medicine recommendations to deal with air pollution. Traditional medicine presents preventive measures that can be adapted to individuals in line with the six essential principles of life. New studies also suggest that dietary modification, herbs, and exercise can have numerous protective effects through fighting oxidative stress and boosting our immune system.

Background and The water purification is a subset of public health that is important for the people health. The first water purification unit is reported in the “Antillen islands”, while the Iranian Scientists have done about several thousand years ago.
The first and oldest water purification unit in the world was located in “Chogha Zanbil” which is Iranian scientists have made this. Iranian scientists were using physical laws and materials, including asphalt, brick and inclined surfaces, which are currently used in the world, purified water of Karkheh River.
Roman Ghirshman, a French archaeologist, discovered the water purification unit in Chogha Zanbil. This unit with a layer of gravel, sand and coal was filtered water. This method is very similar to that currently used for separation. This method is used for separation in zeolite membranes. In this article, the separation mechanism in Chogha zanbil water purification unit was described, and compared with the separation mechanism in zeolite membranes.

Background and Approximately, half of infertilities are related to men problems. In medicine, there is a great version of using herbs that now are proven their efficacy in treatment of disease. The aim of this study was the investigation Medicinal Materia for increasing fertility potential in men in Islamic literature and comparing in our knowledge in modern medicine.
Methods and Materials: In order to we searched keywords such as fertility potential, male and pomegranate in Pubmed database and valid books, and results gathered in the form of an article.
We found that some of the issues have been proven with modern medicine that it is expressed centuries ago in narratives.
According to available medical narration on the effectiveness of medicinal materia in the improvement of semen quality and these plants are also proving useful in clinical research, it could be helpful using those for increasing fertility potential.

Background and Figs are one of the fruits that the Quran has sworn and it is a badge of honor and certain superiority lies in the fruit. In this article, this article is about the medical effects of fig on brain disease and sensual and heart power changes. It is often said that the medical fig effects are like induced heating and obese and laxity and anti-inflammatory respiratory tract. But the particular effect of fig on brain and heart power is said rarely.Methods and Materials: This is a review and descriptive article. At first we search about effects of fig on nerve system in Traditional Iranian Medicine references and Islamic books and credible scientific internet sites. The collected data were reviewed in detail and as a review article was written. Prophet MOHAMMAD said that long use of fig cause to lenity. In Traditional Iranian Medicine books fig can decrease the capacity of anger and is introduced as an increasing factor of wisdom. Fig is also helpful for epilepsy, psychosis and obsession. In the new research a diet enriched with figs in Alzheimer's disease modified oxidative stress and increased learning and their memory dramatically. Also Na K ATPase activity and AChE in the brain during treatment with figs was corrected. Use of fig is effective on purging the soul and brain and heart power and is effective to epilepsy and psychosis and obsession. It is probable that fig is able to propitiate and create pleasure feeling in heart. It may increase brain tissue and intellectual ability.

Background and Plants were one of the first and available useable sources in treatment. Phytotherapy has been customary from past years in many countries such as Iran by the reason having various and reach flora. Unfortunately current people have a less knowledge and information in this condition. Recently many of countries are planning to enter ancient medicine and ethnobotanical findings to their health and safety system. This can help to discovering new drugs and connecting between ancient and modern medicine. In this research results of floristical, ethnobotanical and phytochemical studies of 22 collected Lamiaceae plant species from Sarband (Shazand-Markazi Province) has been reported.
Methods and Materials: Twenty two plant species of ten Lamiaceae genera were collected from Sarband (Shazand-Markazi Province) by field walking and then identified using available references. Herbarium voucher samples were prepared and kept in Arak University Herbarium. Also a part of plant material was prepared for primary phytochemical experiments. Collecting information from endemic people believes and present documents were done for each species. Data of the all studies were ordered in Tables.
Results showed existing 22 Lamiaceae species from 10 genera in Sarband (Shazand-Markazi Province). Salvia with 7 species had the most species and 4 genera had one. Secodary metabolites based on used methods were differently found in all of examined species with the exception of Ziziphora species. Alkaloids were found just in Eremostachys mollucelloides and Salvia sulcata. Heart glycosides just were found in Salvia syriaca. All of studies species exceptional two species of Teucrium lacked anthraquinone. Almost studied plants in this research were used as infused and boiled form from aerial parts special leaf, flower, fruit and seed. Most of them were used for cough and digestive disease treatment. Most of them were valuable as medicinal and nutritional plant by the reason having polyfenolic compounds special flavonids and essential oils.
Day by day genetic resources and habitats of endemic and medicinal plant are decreased by the reason of increasing urbanism, modernism and industrializing of human societies. Also endemic knowledge and information of ancient people are forgotten. Then conservation of medicinal plant species, endemic knowledge and connecting between ancient and modern medicine are necessary by doing floristically, ethnobotanical and phytochemical studies in each region for society health and safety system improvement and work production in sustainable development direction.

Background and The use of herbs to treat disease is associated with human history. Aloe vera is one of the oldest medicinal plants from ancient times until today, has been used by humans. The first written report in which he is mentioned Aloe Vera belonging to four thousand years BC, and the plant since ancient times to treat diseases has gone to work. The aim of this study was to introduce this valuable plant is complete and comprehensive.
Methods and Materials: The study was conducted library research and literature on traditional medicine and modern plant names, history of traditional, physical description, distribution, various information necessary in utilization, ecological needs and the information necessary to evaluate its cultivation and were reported.
Indications and constituents of this plant is very extensive clinical studies, most of these effects has been proven and the most important anti-cancer properties, treatment of burns and digestive diseases.

Background and Changing the approach of communities to the use of herbal medicines is related to the long-standing position of plants between people, their traditional understanding of plants and also negative effects of the chemical drugs. Identification and introduction of reserves native plants of each region, traditional forms of these plants with respect to the diversity of Iran ecological could provide useful information in the field of pharmaceutical and public health system. Due to that the collection of major plants is done from the forest, pasture, mountain and river views, it can be applied to achieve detailed information on indigenous knowledge. In this respect the study of ethnobotanical and how to use some native plants was performed Ajabshir city.
Methods and Materials: Ajabshir city is located in 95 kilometers from Tabriz. Ajabshir has been located beside a fertile plain, over the rich sediments of Ghalechaeei River at the Tourjan and Jeridan highlands. Parts of the agricultural lands have been located around Urumia Lake. The required information for the present study was collected during the years 2012 and 2013 after a preliminary analysis for determining the area of study and visiting the pre-specified regions. Medicinal plants from different parts of the region were gathered and plant species used by native residents were identified. Drug information was obtained from knowledgeable native people, reliable old people, reliable and well-known grocers, citation studies and medicinal references.
According to the survey results, 57 species of grassland plants including 26 families were identified in the region. Asteraceae family with 10 species and Lamiaceae family with 7 species had the maximum numbers of species. According to the results, it is believed that using a combination of some medicinal plants have a greater impact on patient and the use of these compounds before the infection can guarantee the protection of the individual against the disease and strengthen the immune.

Background and Iran is a multicultural country with an ancient civilization, so it has historical heritage of folk and traditional medicine. The present study provide ethno botanical evaluation of Saghez (Kurdistan, Iran) were Kurdish people live there.
Methods and Materials: Cross sectional study was conducted in 2013, 2014. The plants were collected, identified botanically and their vocher specimens were gathered. 14 local herbalist and elderly people were interviewed according to semi-structured questionnaire.
72 species was collected and distinguished. Persian and Kurdish names and traditional usage of these plants were recorded. Most of them were used for intestinal and respiratory disease.
Special and new use of collected plants could be proposed new aspects of phytochemical and pharmacological studies in the phytomedecinal research fields.