پژوهش نامه انتقادی متون و برنامه های علوم انسانی
پیاپی 43 (بهمن و اسفند 1395)

Literary criticism is one the main and most challenging fields of literature studies. «Al Naqd al Adabi¡ Osuleha va Manhajeha» ¡ which was published at the end of the first of the twentieth century¡ is taught as a course book in Arabic language and literature studies. The present study aims at providing a critical vision for the reader by analyzing the approaches and concepts discussed in the book.

The book on rhetoricians’ effects in Nahj-ul-Balaghah by Dr. Mohammad Khaghani is a valuable book from two points of view: First, because of author’s good authority in review and analysis of various topics in Rhetoric in valuable work of Nahj-ul- Balaghah. Second, because of author’s worthy of praise effort in collecting of this book and providing personal opinion on some issues, but with overcoming on some shortcomings of this work and with doing some modifications in edition or content, it can increase the value of this work. Therefore, this paper is trying to help to fix the flaws of this book with presenting some comments and corrections.

Literature is a set of texts that has a lot of proponents in the field of foreign language training such as Arabic; considering unique nature and characteristics of the literature, one should clearly differentiate between training of literature and other educational contexts of the language.‘Modern Arabic Poetry: Schools and Anthology’ by Dr. Sadeq Khorsha is one of the instructive resources of Arabic current literature at Iran universities. Since, Persian speakers are addressees of these kinds of books and Arabic language is a foreign, not a native, language, it is better that composing and training in this field are performed according to principles of applied linguistics. Accordingly, the present study investigate and criticize the book based on principles of the science in the field of training literature to the foreign language learners by descriptive-analytic method.

One of the basic criteria in the evaluation of scientific papers is the selection of the appropriate title. The masters of the scientific researches methodology have introduced several criteria such as particularity, distinctness, attraction, abbreviation, accuracy and novelty for the titles of the scientific papers which observance of this criteria is necessary. This article tries to answer this question that how much authors and referees of the papers of religious studies was observe this criteria at their papers? To access this purpose this paper was study the titles of 86 religious papers had published at the Ulum-i Hadith quarterly based on this criteria till express interest or neglect rate of the authors and referees to this criteria and introduce the correct method of title selection for scientific papers.

In the present era, The topics related to semantics took on greater depth and scope. and scholars in this field have introduced diffrent discussions and opinions on this issue, and linguistics knowledge especially semantics became independent. Echoes of linguistics scientific activities of scientists of the West in recent century moved to the Arab world and some Arab thinkers tested modern scientific approaches in Arabic. One of these scientists is Ahmed Mukhtar Omar who authored the book " semantics " and tried to research in the Arabic language by using semantics modern theories and tried to recognize different theories that have grew through previous eras. The work has been translated into Persian by Seyyed Hossein Seyedi. This study aims to analyze this work, and consider its strengths and weaknesses by relying on the analytical and critical metods.In this regard, at first we review the origin text bereifly then analyze its translation. The survey finally concludes that this book can be used just as a subsidiary book for courses in philology, etymology and Applied Linguistics and Translation, but it can’t be used as a textbook. Because it isn’t exhaustive.

Book "Gatronnada wa ballossada" a relatively complete set of rules of Arabic language, especially syntax, and it is Ibn Hisham Ansari wrote in the eighth century AH. And since then numerous commentaries written on it. And has always been one of the main sources is the Science Curriculum
This book, like all human shortcomings and Compilations findings suggest that these books are great strengths has been confusion Many students with learning difficulties is offline. The author decided to use the content of this important book review. Some of the shortcomings and evaluate it.

A Review of Al-Nahv Al-Asri by Soleiman Faiaz .This new book is about grammar and syntax and according to the author it provides a new methodology in its discussions. It analyzes Arabic grammar and syntax and the writer has made an effort to collect the advantageous points of other books and set aside the disadvantageous ones. It can be said that Al-Nahv Al-Asri has a rather general scope of the subject but it lacks the references, the verses and the hadiths. Its teaching methodology is fairly good but it does not supply enough practices which are necessary for the learning procedure. Since its discussions are simple and easy, it is a suitable book for intermediate levels. Besides according to some shortcomings it cannot be used as a source for grammar and syntax in professional or advanced levels. This paper investigates the scientific and the methodological reliabilities of this book and evaluates its achievements in teaching grammatical and syntaxical rules of the Arabic language

The book Assas al-Loghat al-Arabyya (Foundations of Arabic Language or Arabic Linguistics) is among outstanding works of Muhammad Fahmi Hejazi written about Arabic linguistics. The translation of this book into Persian seems necessary for Arabic Language and Literature. Therefore, the translation of Seyyed Hassan Seyyedi is admirable, but in spite of his great efforts in this path, it seems that his translation has some errors. The present study investigated this translation at two lexical and sentence levels. At last it obtained the results that the translator has committed some errors in selecting equivalences for some of words and expressions. In addition, his radical commitment to the structure of Arabic syntax and also his insufficient knowledge of some theories and ideas of linguistics in translation such as collocation caused that his translation be vague and unclear in some cases.

Teaching language skills has been not only the first and most effective step in education system, but also the most important concerns of education experts and programmers. However, teaching Arabic language has many problems and shortcomings. These problems are deep and overriding with respect to language skills especially in teaching Arabic in the laboratory. Thus, this study is going to investigate teaching methods of Arabic language in the laboratory by means of questionnaire and surveying. This research from one side attempts to show to what extent Arabic teachers have been successful in teaching this course and to what extent they have put into practice the specified teaching criteria in their classes. From other side this study attempts to offer good strategies for overcoming weak points related to teaching this course. To calculate the data obtain for this study, the searchers used Likert statistic approach. Sample consisted of 10 experts in teaching language skills and 68 students of Tehran University. Main results of this study indicated that the aims of curricular developers are accomplished. However, it also demonstrated that, there were still problems such as using traditional methods, inappropriate teaching strategies, and uninteresting subjects, as well as Lack of educational facilities, and being away from the purpose of specified purposes.

Curriculum planning is one of the important areas of foreign language education. Theyve cared for studies in Arabic language teaching curricula in Arab countries for years But in Iran was conducted few studies in this area so far. This article tries to study and Criticism one of the most important books in Arabic language teaching curricula In order to benefit from this study in the Arabic language teaching curricula in Iran. The study results indicate that the direction of the authors in this book is a cultural trend. They were able to provide Western theories and methods of language teaching in the Arab Islamic vision. Of the most important problems of this study is not the study of the needs analysis as one of the most important elements of the curriculum planning.

Although more than forty years have passed since the publication of Foosol Fye Fiqh Al Arabia by Ramadan Abdel Tawab, the book holds a high reputation among the books of jurisprudence vocabulary and has been reprinted several times. Considering the common topics in most of such books in this field, what strengthens the status and place of a literary piece of work is a comprehensive and scientific analysis and avoidance of pure narrative. Considering the other books published since then, these books have never enjoyed the scientific place and features of Ramadan Abdel Tawab’s book. Thus, Hamidreza Shaikhi became interested in translating this book among the others. He translated the book in 1367 AH. A critical review of his book through pure inductive reasoning, comparing the terms and structure shows that apart from the print mistakes which are not few and some mistakes in conveying the concepts, the Persian translation is acceptable and trustworthy. Even though a good translation is one with very little mistakes in all aspects, here the number of mistakes can be ignored due to the thickness of the book; one of the significant points in this translation could be leaving the poems untranslated, except one chapter. the translator might have deducted that translating the lines as rhymes are morphological and syntactic examples and the semantic and conceptual aspects were not the intention of the writer. However, we have to accept that the addresses of the original book are Arabs and Arabic speaking people and the addressees of the translated book are mainly non-speaking Arabs.

One of the main challenges in the Iranian educational system is teaching Arabic for specific purposes. “Talimol Loghatol Arabia” coauthored by Dr Faramarz Mirzaeei and Dr Ali Nazari is a textbook developed for teaching Arabic to students of law. The close interconnection of some areas of the field of law with Arabic language and lack of diversity of textbooks in this area, has doubled the need for writing such works. In this article, form and content of the book have been examined. Regarding the formal dimension, book cover, letter writing, layout, binding, punctuations and typographical errors were analyzed. Analysis of the content revolved around congruence of contents and topics, logical order of the chapters and their discussed issues, critique of the scientific contents, adequacy and fluency of the script and analysis of the referencing system. The prominent aspects of the book were development of plenty of legal examples and practices and partly its new arrangement. Yet, there were shortcomings in forms and contents that demanded for the authors’ efforts to resolve them in the next editions of the book.

The present article is written with the aim of reviewing and evaluating the book “Fazael o Mesra va Akhbaroha va Khavasoha” by IbnZolagh, which is about scientific search of Islamic-literary historiography of Fatimid civilization and the local history. This type of Islamic-literary historiography with its rooted tradition and its specific originality has always been regarded by Muslim historians, amongst them IbnZolagh. He wrote the local history of Egypt and his book became known as one of the original and orderly types of Islamic historiography that is the local history of the different cities of the Islamic world. The scientific work of IbnZolagh is a valuable effort and a long step in explaining the depth and transcendence of local historiography of Fatimid and is reviewed and evaluated by descriptive-analytic method.
Of the obtained results in this terse article the factors of the emergence of this type of historiography for IbnZolagh, including patriotic motive and its prominent position and the personal interest of this local historian to record the historical events of the city where he lived and also the encouragement of local authorities could be mentioned. Also the writer in reviewing the local history has benefited from historical-narrative approach and from regulative practices in Islamic historiography according to hadith-report method and mostly presents book contents based on a cyclical and temporal classification.