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Rehabilitation Sciences and Research - Volume:3 Issue: 3, Sep 2016

Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences and Research
Volume:3 Issue: 3, Sep 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/07/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
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  • Hamide Arbab, Abdollah Moossavi, Mohanna Javanbakht, Hamide Arbab Sarjoo, Enayatollah Bakhsh, Behrooz Mahmoodibakhtiari, Yones Lotfi Pages 51-56
    Background
    One of the common problems of those who refer to audiology clinics, is difficulty of hearing in noisy conditions. Different tests have been developed for diagnosis and quantification of reduced ability of speech perception in noise and the Quick Speech-in-Noise test is one of the most appropriate of them. The goal of the present study was to develop and validate the Persian version of the Quick Speech-in-Noise Test in normal, Persian speaking, 18-25 year-old participants.
    Methods
    This study had two main stages: first, developing the test materials and determining the content validity and the second, determining the equivalency of the test material lists, and assessing the reliability of them.
    In the first stage, sentences having content validity were developed and recorded. In the second stage,in order to determine list equivalency, the lists were presented to 60 Persian-speaking (gender balanced), 18-25 year-old students and the average SNR-50 for each list was calculated using the Spearman-Kärber formula. In order to determine the reliability of the test, the test was again administered to15of the primary participants, two weeks later.
    Results
    among80 sentences developed, 60 received enough credits from audiologists and speech therapists. Average SNR-50 in the Persian language was calculated as -0.25 dB. Thirty six content valid sentences, according to special criteria, were divided into six lists each containing 6sentences. The SNR-50 for each list revealed that lists number 2,3, 4and 5 were equivalent. Examination of test-retest reliability indicated that lists number 1,2,3,4 and 6 were reliable (P
    Conclusion
    Present study was developing three equivalent and reliable lists (number 2,3,4) for the Persian version of the Q-SIN test which are useful for diagnosing and selecting the best rehabilitation method for people with reduced speech perception in noise.
    Keywords: Quick Speech-in-Noise Test, SNR-50, Reliability, List Equivalency
  • Somayeh Kavousipor, Saeedeh Falahi Nejad, Elham Jamali, Saghar Zandian Ghahfarokhi Pages 57-61
    Background
    Since the home environment is the first place on which children (particularly, those under two years of experience and development) are highly dependent, the existence of a questionnaire for evaluating this environment is necessary. Therefore, in the present study, the test-retest reliability of the Affordance in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) is reported.
    Methods
    The aim to this study was to investigate certain psychometric characteristics of the AHEMD-IS. Therefore, 112 mother-infant (3–18 months old infants) couples participated in this study. The AHEMD and the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) were completed by all the participants and 46 participants re-completed the questionnaire for investigating their repeatability. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using tests of correlation coefficients in SPSS-21.
    Results
    The findings of the AHEMD-IS enjoys acceptable reliability. The intra-class coefficient (ICC) of the total score of the questionnaire was 0.78, the intra-class coefficient of physical space was 0.96, the intra-class coefficient of a variety of stimuli was 0.93, the intra-class coefficient of the gross motor toys was 0.93, and the intra-class coefficient for fine motor toys was 0.96. In addition, the concurrent validity indicated that the section on the diversity of stimuli and toys for fine movements had a significant correlation with the motor sections of the ASQ (p
    Conclusion
    The results of this study indicated that the AHEMD-IS is a reliable instrument for 3–18 month old infants.
    Keywords: Motor Development, Environment, Affordance, Questionnaire
  • Zohreh Shafizadegan, Maryam Ebrahimian, Shohreh Taghizadeh Pages 62-66
    Background
    Contrast bath is a thermal agent that is used as alternative heat and cold water on a target limb. Type 2 diabetes mellitus in long term leads to vascular insufficiency. It seems that contrast bath is useful for patients with diabetes mellitus due to the increase in blood flow and vascular pumping. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect(s) of contrast bath on circulation of contralateral lower limb in women with type 2diabetes mellitus compared to healthy subjects.
    Methods
    Fifteen diabetic females aged between 30-60 years, who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, and 30 matched control females participated in this research. The oral temperature, skin temperature of the first web space of the foot, and the pulse of dorsalis pedis artery were measured and recorded. These results were evaluated prior to, immediately and 10 minutes after the contrast bath. The contrast bath protocol included the immersion of the right foot in the warm bath (38-440C) for four minutes and then in the cold bath (10-180C) for one minute. These processes were repeated five times as the total duration of the intervention was 24 minutes. The treatment was started and terminated with warm water. Repeated measures and independent t-test were used for data analysis.
    Results
    The dorsalis pedis pulse was significantly higher at all times of the measurements except between immediately post the contrast bath and after 10 minutes of applying it in the diabetic group (P=0.58). The results of the skin temperature measurement demonstrated incremental changes in the healthy and the diabetic groups. The oral temperature at all times was not significantly different in the normal and the diabetic groups (P > 0.05).
    Conclusion
    The results of this study showed that contrast bath can increase circulation in the contralateral limb. However, its influence on superficial and deep blood flow is uncertain.
    Keywords: Contrast Bath, Diabetes Mellitus, Women
  • Sahar Ghanbari, Fatemeh Ghasemi, Arezoo Evazzadeh, Razieh Tohidi, Alireza Jamali, Fariba Shayanpour Pages 67-71
    Background
    Participation is defined as involvement in life situations leading to skill development, experimentation, and socialization. Children with visual impairment seem to be at risk because of their limitations when it comes to taking part in daily activities. This study aimed to compare the participation in life habits of children with blindness with their normal peers.
    Methods
    This study is quantitative, cross-sectional, and comparative, and used convenience sampling for a pilot study. Eleven children with blindness and nine normal children were evaluated with a life-habit questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS-21 software with the Mann-Whitney statistical test.
    Results
    There are meaningful differences between these two groups in overall participation, nutrition, communication, participation at home, mobility, responsibility, interpersonal relationships, education, and recreation. No statistical differences in health, personal care, social life, and work were obtained.
    Conclusions
    Blind children had lower participation in most areas of life habits compared to their normal peers. The differences can be attributed to differences in the necessary education and training, differences in the social contexts of both groups, and also hearing loss in some children, and improper items for activity according to the age of these children.
    Keywords: Childhood, Participation, Blindness, Visual Disorders, Disability
  • Serve Zarei, Talieh Zarifian, Hosaine Rahmani, Samaneh Hoseinzadeh Pages 72-76
    Background
    In the age of 18–19 months, a child’s lexicon increases by acquisition of five words per week. Linguists consider this a period of vocabulary spurt. In the early stages of language acquisition, the diversity of vocabulary also increases in addition to an increase in the number of words. The goal of the present study was to examine the distribution of different types of expressive words in 18–24-month-old Sorani-Kurdish-speaking children.
    Methods
    The present research was conducted in a longitudinal form (for three months) on 16 Kurdish infants of Bukan )four girls and four boys of 18 months in age, and four girls and four boys of 21 months). Normal children were selected, based on their health and demographic records. The data collection materials included a weekly vocabulary recording sheet, a vocabulary list, and a demographic questionnaire. All the data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software, with the significance level set at 0. 05. Since the data were normally distributed, independent samples were subjected to T-tests and repeated measures ANOVA were used to compare the vocabulary distribution (nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs) in gender and age groups.
    Results
    There was no significant difference between genders in the number and type of words (p>0.05). In both groups, with increasing age, the number and variation of the words increased (p
    Conclusion
    It seems from the findings that the distribution and diversity of vocabulary categories follow a pattern similar to other languages.
    Keywords: Expressive Words, Kurdish Speaker, Language Development