فهرست مطالب

فصلنامه جامعه، فرهنگ، رسانه
پیاپی 20 (پاییز 1395)

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/09/17
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
|
|
  • Nematollah Fazeli* Page 11
    This paper introduces and analyzes religion from "cognitive anthropology" point of view and tries to answer the key question "What is the state of religion in today's Iranian society?". To do this, the secularization concept has been examined and it has been tried to analyze various aspects of the debate from a cognitive anthropology approach. In this paper, after defining the position of religion in anthropological studies, first "cognitive science of religion" and "cognitive anthropology" has been briefly introduced, and then it has been tried to make an interpretation of the state of religion and secularization process in Iran`s today society. The methodology used in this article is the author's theoretical and conceptual analysis based on his lived experience and an auto-ethnographic approach. The author as a professional ethnographer, who grew up and lived in Iran, has analyzed his lived experiences and observations within the framework of cognitive anthropology. The results show that the basic scheme of Iranian society is religious and although structural changes has occurred in the social context of religion in Iran, Iran's cultural models are mainly religious and secularization in cultural models cannot be mentioned.
    Keywords: Religion, cognitive science of religion, cognitive anthropology, secularization, Iran
  • Jamal Mohamadi* Page 29
    This research is an attempt to explain the main tenants of the thesis named “the dialectic of cultural struggle” as a way of overcoming the dualism of high culture/low culture. The domination of this dualism on the field of cultural analysis is a well-known phenomenon and until recently much of the theoretical controversies has been done according to this. Our main argument is that the thesis of “the dialectic of cultural struggle” (formulated by neo-Gramescians) provides a way out of this dilemma. A historical reflection in high/low debate shows that these two are not separate and independent entities but their contents and meanings are intertwined in a negative way. In other words, high and low culture are empty categories that their significance depends on their “absent other”. Describing the contemporary cultural situation is not possible unless we understand this dualism, but to stay within the limits of this dualism has no analytic result. The main idea of the thesis of “the dialectic of cultural struggle” is that the qualities and criteria of what is high and low culture arise from objective contexts of power/ resistance relations.
    Keywords: the dialectic of cultural struggle, dualism of high, low culture, absent other, empty categories
  • Alireza Ghobadi*, Masoud Zare Mehrjardy, Asieh Nazemi Page 47
    Cultural capital, is the nations’ unwritten properties that make up their cultures, civilizations and forms theirs identity too. Compliance with the principles and values of the society and popular culture always makes the community to maintenance these capitals conscious and unconsciously and transfer it to the next generations as a gift.These traces, each of which reflects the talent and art of communities on the one hand and reflected various political, economic, social and cultural problems of its time on the other hand, have been the particular and the general interest of the specific audiences during the many years.It works with all spiritual values that have been in place without the cultural and economic markets are used, they cannot produce proper representation for the community without entering to soci-economic markets. This study seeks to cultural assets as cultural propaganda tool for the formation of a community among the audience of community and admission.In this way used two cultural theories as theoretical framework. The first one is peter Burdeo’ theories as “Cultural reproduction” and the second one is related to Clifford Geertz as Cultural interpretation”. According to the audiences division into two categories as emic and etic these two theories has been used. By the use of qualitative methods (documentary and direct observations) we tried to study the characters and potentials of cultural capitals for accepting cultural propaganda in the societies. Finally by the use of Katler’s theory in the name of “customers behavior model” we tries to find the meaning of cultural capital and cultural advertisement relations and finding its role for forming and promoting reinforcement of cultural propaganda. The case study in this study related to wrote tools market and its affection on cultural capital markets. Of course it is complementarity for Katler’s “customer’s behavior model”.
    Keywords: Cultural capital, cultural propaganda, Communication, Culture, interpretive
  • Mohsen Niazi*, Sajjad Sarhadi, Sajjad Moradi, Razieh Shaahverdi Page 73
    Cyberspace could be defined as a complex area of human relations in all dimensions and layers which has appeared in the social world of actors and nearly found its place in Iran society in the modern era. This created human space has various levels and functions which are worthy of reflection, deliberation and scientific explanation. Based on that, this article aims to critically scrutiny the issues related to the scientific researches which follow the relationships between social networking sites and the idea of Habermas's public sphere. The method of this research is text analysis, and its sample size is nine research works which have been analyzed. The results suggest that researchers in this field believe in two readings of the social network of Facebook, which are two ideal types: pros and cons. The authors believe that it's possible to go beyond the arguments made in these research articles and have a conditional reading of the cyberspace as a public sphere.
    Keywords: Public Sphere, Social Networking Sites, Ideal Space Situation, Communication Action
  • Nilufar Baghban Moshiri*, Esmaeel Alizad Page 87
    In a political approach, Akbar Raadi can be categorized as a left wing writer. But the current study tries to analyze his writings –the outcome of four decade of authorship- using sociological concepts. Raadi’s standpoints on different dimensions of modern life including capitalism, individualism and individual freedom, technologic production, bureaucracy, nationalism and … are going to be discussed here. For defining necessary indicators, Peter Berger and Anthony Giddens’ probe of modernity has been used. The methodology is a combination of qualitative content analysis with what is suggested by Derrida as “deconstruction”. Raadi’s approach toward the concepts named above, his consideration of marginalized voices and his tendency toward cosmopolitanism represents some pre-modern, modern and post modern aspects of his thought. His emphasis on objective representations of his perception of “truth” is accompanied with a compilation of macro and micro sociology which pays attention to both structure and agency- although the latter usually can’t act successfully in altering the situations. He skillfully displays the social problems of his era: the existence of superstitions which is not limited to religious people, emergence of a new social order and the resistance of the pre-modern class, distrust in the state and government among lower classes, appearance of counter cultures and lack of Class consciousness in working class. Altogether Akbar Raadi can be counted as a sociologist with a strong distaste toward the idea of improvement, dysfunctions of instrumental rationality, unavoidable and intrinsic corruption of capitalism and it’s impact on transmutation of personality and the disruption of life-worlds, social structures which encourage falsification, conformism and exploitation of subordinates, the paradoxes of modernization in third world and the tragedies they create and briefly any restriction which prevents human being from reaching equality and human dignity. These viewpoints are the main reasons which make Raadi an anti modernization ideologist.
    Keywords: sociology of literature, Akbar Raadi, deconstruction, modernity, postmodernity
  • Mohammad Bagher Alizade Aghdam*, Ahmad Shirindel, Leila Jafari Fard Page 107
    Aim of this research is studing how the representation of values and family ties in the broadcasted serial by the network of Persian One and degree of compling with the Iranian-Islamic values and family relations. Method of this study was Targeted content analysing. Based on the findings of this research strategies of representation such as highlighting, natural and stereotyping, including ways of attracting Iranians audiences serial network of Persian One. The results showed: series of Persian one network are trying to communicate with housewives and their influence on their minds. Giving priority to the family and women's issues such as makeup and jewelry and try to reduce their moral and spiritual. The illegitimate sex and infidelity to his wife, highlighting the interplay nicely planned and targeted to attract and pull them out of their moral obligations.
    Keywords: Presentation_Content analysis_Farsi 1 channel
  • Vahid Mirebeigi* Page 125
    This article aims to investigate the concerns of today’s Iranians’ sociology regarding two theoretic attitudes: dissertation writing and local theory-building. There are deficiencies and shortages in both of these co-related fields requiring investigation. One of them is problem-finding- which this article focuses on. Problem-finding is somehow recognized simultaneously as the art and experience of researcher. The deeper and more meticulous the article is performed, the stronger both innovation and organization of the research are reinforced and Problem-finding, as the basic block of science, serves as a basis on which theorybuilding and researching could be formed and honored. On the one hand, what and how the problem is built and found, and on the other hand, why problem is building -as an ontological-methodological basis- ignored is important? In this paper, while reviewing the nature and paradigmatic importance of problem-finding in different paradigms and identifying the methodological position of problem and problem-finding based on available yet related literature, the author presents theory and deals with scrutinizing the subject of problem-finding.
    Keywords: sociology, local theory building, problem-finding, dissertation writing
  • Atefeh Aghaei* Page 143
    The pathway of conceptualization and consequently, theorization faces with a recession in Iran, specifically in the area of Social Science. Most activities of this area depend on re-examining existing concepts and lacks localized theoretical grounds related to Iranian society. In this paper with a review of the book “Anthropology of Helping Each Other” written by “Morteza Farhadi” and relying on Weber’s views, specially his attention to conceptualization and explaining historical individuality, I want to show how an Iranian researcher addresses a historical individual in his/her society and seeks to explain and conceptualize the unique concept of space and time of Iranian society. Studying the book “Anthropology of Helping Each Other” shows that the concepts are formed in the abstract level only with conceptualization and commuiting between social objectivity of Iranian society and the Iranian scholar subjectivity, and are used to explain what the Iranian human experiences.
    Keywords: conceptualization, Iranian society, anthropology of helping each other, historical individuality