مجله مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی
پیاپی 38 (بهار 1396)

Planning and design of cities based on the needs of pedestrians is one of the new approaches which are paid less attention in planning of the Iranian cities. In most cases priority is given to passing vehicle that jeopardize the safety of the citizens. Safety and security are very crucial in continues presence and collective life in urban space. So the present research aims to examine safety of sidewalks adjacent to shopping centre with emphasis on walkability. The samples are selected from all beneficiaries of two main street of Sari city as Garan and Farhang by conducting a field work to complete the given questionnaires. The collected data are analyzed using SPSS20 and also different statistical such as factor analysis, Freidman and one tailed T test. The results showed that the means of respondents has not essential difference with theoretical mean of 3. So it showed that the citizens have no sufficient safety against vehicles. The results of factor analyses revealed that in general two factors of safety -security and the impact of removing roadway system included about 53.9 percent of total variability of variables. Finally; the ranking of sidewalk safety components showed that creating cultural activities could increase the security and safety of the streets with mean rank of 7.38. The second priority was give to the removing of roadway system with mean of 5.97. So it can be concluded that separation of vehicle system from pedestrian in main shopping centers can help to safety and security.

In this study, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats was evaluated by SWOT method and some strategies were provided to improve sustainability rural settlements in order to provide strategies and Appropriate solutions for assessing the role of environmental elements in sustainability of rural settlements in the central city of Bardaskan. The results showed that the strategies for continuity of the stability of the rural settlements, including optimal exploitation of water resources (as a main factor), Planting crops with low water requirements, holding Workshops in order to raise public awareness of villagers, Avoiding industrial wastewater into groundwater, culture making by expanding the communication and organization of local beneficiaries ,the protection of the ground water extraction, expanding coverage the rivers in the rural areas in central city of Bardaskan . preparation and implementation of complete immunization research projects in canals of the restrict, utilization of land resources, strengthening the foundation of the rural economy, (with tourism approach as an alternative framework of the appropriate and maximum use of existing conditions to develop the region’s natural tourism projects) are the factors of stability of the settlements. The factors of region’s village's instability including events natural hazards like severe and frequent droughts, floods and earthquakes and instability of slopes are the most important natural hazards in the central part of the Bardaskan city likely to occur and threaten the stability of rural settlements. Instability of the rural settlements caused unpleasant consequences, such as increasing migration, squatter phenomenon, informal settlements and uncontrolled spread of urban areas.

The culture is the basis of human behavioursand significant part of economic behavioursis based on this basis. In most developing countries ,additional to regional. Inequities , there is also seen atype of cultural coordination.These inequities exist – in differentareas of this country. In this paper have been sought that with using of 15 cultural indices and TOPSIS model, 29 towns of Province Fars is evaluated.The method of research is descriptional – analytical with perspective of development. The requirement information have been compiled by liberarial method of the most important results of this research can point to in equity and difference.Interested indices on level of towns of Province Fars, so that Shiraz with priority coefficient 0.9542 have high level and 28 other towns of Province Fars with very difference with respect to mentioned city is placed in next levels. Therefor pay attention to spatial Planning and giving correct strategies and implementation according to balanced regional development is an inevitablenecessary.

There are about 10 thousand hectares of paddy fields in the Rezvanshahr city that often are used dispersed pieces and different sizes, this dispersion, make impossible the uses of scientific and technical achievements and technology, Investment in research, communication and agricultural inputs. That in this situation, the integration of paddy fields is one of the solution Which can greatly obviate the challenge and have A key role in increasing agricultural production and economic development in rural areas . The purpose of this research is recognizing of economic effect of integrating plans of paddy fields in central rural of rezvanshahr city. This research in terms of porous is functional and in term of method is Descriptive – analytical. In this study, statistical population, rural of central area (29 villages), is in rezvanshahr city. Cochran formula was used to determine the number of sample households, upon which, Number of samples 225 was determined and after evaluating validity (Opinions of the members of faculty) and Stability (Alpha coefficient of 0.862) questionnaires were completed among of Households of sample rural. In order to achieve the required information, for measure Research variables was used the survey and documentary method And to review and analysis of information and data Of statistical tests such as t test and chi-square test was used The results show that with confidence interval 95 percent The integrated design of paddy fields have been improved rural economy As well as integration project of paddy fields in rural area.

The rapid growth of urbanization and ignoring the qualitative aspects of human life, adverse effects on individual health and social and urban life is laid. Measuring quality of life in cities affected by external factors such as the men and women of vision, infrastructure and social relations, and internal factors such as social, environmental and so on. Today, the need to review approaches and urban policies, with the goals of gender inequality is considered fundamental reform of urban planning. However, these differences have been ignored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of individual and social life in urban spaces with an emphasis on gender in the city of Sanandaj, the dimensions and components were analyzed through SPSS software. The results showed that from the perspective of women, of participation, access, awareness and quality features of "poor" performance dimensions, physical comfort, beauty and safety of the quality of "average", and aspects of psychological well-being and identity of Quality "above" them. Also from the perspective of men, dimensions, performance, participation, physical comfort, access and quality facilities "weak", the dimensions of psychological comfort, beauty and quality awareness "average", and safety aspects of identity and quality "high", respectively. Also, using Friedman ranking, the ranking criteria were used. The results showed that from the perspective of women, indicators related to identity (9.33) desirable; and with the participation of (2.12) indices are undesirable. Also from the perspective of men, indicators related to identity (9.74) and wanted to participate (2.04) indices are undesirable.

Access to ICTs can have significant effects on Alleviating Poverty and achieving the social- economic development goals. The research represents studying of penetration rate and using the ICTs in 17 villages at Rural Ghale Ghafee , Minoodasht County where the ICT considered consists of fixed- line telephone service, mobile telephone service, public telephones, computers, and Internet service. Rural communities in the research, located in in Ghale Ghafee area. The sample included 303 individuals, who were selected by stratified random sampling method. Survey method was used, and data was analyzed by Excel and SPSS software. The study concludes that the most of farmers and villagers are Illiterates and low literates that in line with theirs capabilities level, they used the certain ICTs. In this regard Depending on level of individual capability, fixed telephone, mobile telephone and television have more effects for connecting to supplies providers, production buyers as well as learning the new farming methods on rural communities. From the considerable points, is lack of cognition from the potentials the new ICTs such as internet and computers that educate needed should happen.

Recent researches have shown that children’s first experiences in neighborhood can extremely affect their attitudes toward neighbors, neighborhood and the city. Due to the criticality of this issue, this article is dedicated to find and prioritize strategic alternatives for enhancing place attachment among children residents of Golsar neighborhood in Rasht city. it is necessary to hear children’s voice about their attachments to the neighborhood. Lack of attention to the needs of stakeholders can lead to the waste of money without attaining expected results. This study has utilized a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods in achieving its goals; that includes of integration of Resident Employed Photography (REP) into the Quality Function Deployment(QFD) Process. Therefore, needs and interest of stakeholders should be identified and applied as the input of the process. This step is done by application of REP and in-depth interviews with children. These needs should be rated by children and their parents in next step. To ensure statistical significance, 400 Stakeholders are surveyed for each need using a 5-point scale. Information of the detailed plan of the region and Nominal Group Technique is applied for development of strategic alternatives. Relationships between strategies and need are determined in relationship matrix which shows that how each strategy affects each need. Finally, strategies are prioritized and described. Results show that those strategies that facilitate children’s play in neighborhood, or form their relationship with the nature, or engage them in cultural events and creative works, would be the most efficient ones.

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city of human biology bed and actually forming human life style and determine the quality of life and his satisfaction. improve the quality of life of it is important that can be other fields , such as the development of the development of social, economic, and robbed by the service. for improving the quality of life in any society, one of the most important goals of public policies that society. By the same token , with the aim of the present study measure of the quality of the urban environment with regard to the satisfaction of the people. work in this descriptive and analytical - based on regression correlation statistical methods. collecting information on the basis of a library field observations questionnaire and complete. with the formula of Cochrane sample volume 110 number per person a number of statistical of 88000 city of Alvand and selected at random and then to analyse the variables study, which included housing units, factors anatomical, functional, cultural and social welfare, natural, and service spss software was used. The results indicate that the level of satisfaction with variable factors and welfare services have the greatest positive impact on satisfaction Alvand city (467/0) and variable natural factors (123/0), the city's residents, the lowest satisfaction. Given the low to the satisfaction of natural factors, in the affairs of urban construction and use of materials and how proofing and angle and to build with regard to the temperature and the sun, the participation of most of the engineers.

The return migration is a process of migration from village to city and relatively long inhabitancy there and then returns to rural birthplace. Many factors affect this process and returnee's immigrants (repatriates) played a rule in rural development. This study has done for studying return migration factors and its outcome on rural area. This is an applied research and its method is analytical-descriptive. And its foundation is based on field survey and data collection tools are questionnaire and interview. The spatial domain of this research was Barough district of Miandoab County, southeast of west Azarbaijan. The participants are householders of returnee's immigration to this district in recent decade (2009-2014) that studied the research variables by using of Censuses of 96 returnee's householders. The questionnaire validity is formal and its stability obtained by using of Alpha Cronbach 0.83. The research was analyzed by using of descriptive statistic (dispersion index and tend to center) and inferential statistic (factor analysis with analyzing of components of one sample t-test, Kendall, Path analysis). The results of factor analysis showed that variable factors had important rules in returning of immigrants that among them economic, social - prosperity factors among loaded factors dedicated the most effect with values of 2.49, and 2.31, respectively. The results of path analysis of emigrant's returnees showed that returning of immigrants in villages dedicated the most effect among development-framework indices and the least outcome on social index.

Rural areas as geographical locations affected a lot of over time under the terms of natural and human systems, internal and external changes, as a result is formed a variety of living spaces with different quality of life and social welfare. This issue influenced by several factors in terms of spatial, economic, social. Hence, this study was conducted aimed to investigate the factors affecting the quality of place in rural areas, one of the most deprived areas of the country (Nikshahr Township). Factors examined include spatial (deployment form, connection position, connection way, distance), economic (employment rates, average of agricultural land and livestock ownership) and social factors (population size, literacy rates, migration rates, housing quality, rate the public facilities). Research method is descriptive - analysis and population are of all rural areas of the central part Nikshahr Township that includes 143 rural settlements and a population of 45,228 people (10,762 households). In the meantime were selected the 20 settlements and 305 households living in them as sample. For data collection were used from library and questionnaires. Data by statistical methods processed and analyzed in SPSS. Research results indicated a low level of quality of place in rural areas in other indicators (with the exception of security) and significant differences between quality of place level with spatial factors, economic factors (exception livestock ownership) and social factors (immigration rats).