نشریه میراث و گردشگری
پیاپی 1 (بهار 1395)

Planning and tourism development¡ including issue is due to its multidimensional nature necessitates the utilization of the potential of all the elements. One of the elements that use its capacity to develop sustainable tourism in the city has been neglected¡ are institutions and NGOs. Local institutions due to the nature of voluntary¡ independent¡ non-profit and nonpolitical nature of their activities have great potential in attracting people. The results showed that there is a direct link between institutional capacity and sustainable development. No society cannot function without the use of institutional capacity to take steps towards sustainable development. Institutions and NGOs are having great potential¡ especially in the area of policy making¡ planning and implementation of tourism projects. Public institutions as an affordable alternative to the government can to take over the role of cultural heritage protection and tourism. They can be confidence-building capacities¡ participatory and interactive use and sustainable development of tourism investment to propel the elements and attractions in the city.

Nowadays tourism as one of the main foundations of global development plays a significant role in international transactions. Therefore can be helped to improve and promote tourism spaces with development of tourism activities and introduce parts of Iranian tourism attractions especially in the villages¡ and steps taken to improve their economic and social Skeletal of effective and by Spread of rural tourism has contributed significantly to rural development. This survey study was conducted to explanation of economic¡ Social and environmental effects of tourism to Sustainable Rural Development¡ in Ryjab village on kermanshah province. The research population included all 800 Villagers (N= 800). Morgan- Krejsi table was employed to data personnel as research sample (n= 260).The result hove shown that economic dimension of tourism in the village has had the greatest impact¡ in order to increase income¡ increasing the price of land and housing¡ reduce class differences¡ and employment etc. also the social dimension of tourism have been most effective Contains interaction and participation of rural people¡ a change in the type of coverage villagers¡ New Year and summer maximum absorption of immigrants and expand external relations with neighboring villages and other villages. The environmental dimension has been effective in preventing the spread of infection in the region¡ preventing the loss of plant species and expansion of basic services etc. The results show that about 70 percent of the villagers have a positive attitude towards rural tourism and those factors such as unemployment¡ interaction and participation of villagers¡ government support in the field of tourism has a significant positive correlation with rural attitude to tourism in the region.

Rural tourism refers to all activities and services which are exercised by farmers¡ people and governments in order for tourists'' recreation and leisure and also to attract tourists. Because of Qalat location and its historical and natural attractions¡ has long been of interest to tourists. The purpes of this study was to evaluate the economic¡ social and environment sustainability to achieve development of rural tourism in the Qalat region. By using random sampling method and Cochran table¡ 304 people were selected and questionnaires completed by them. The research method was descriptive survey and data analyses by Pearson correlation coefficient¡ One-sample T test and the multiple regression analysis. The study''s findings show that there is a significant relationship among the rural tourism development with economic and social sustainability dimensions but there is not significant relationship among rural tourism development with environment sustainability. According to the results of one-simple T test¡ economic and environmental dimensions have not been sustainability but social dimension has been stable. The result of multiple regression showed that the economic and social sustainability of tourism have the ability to predict positively rural tourism development and environmental sustainability have the ability to predict negatively and significant of rural tourism development. Finally¡ some suggestions are also presented like transparency of economic¡ social and environment impacts in public beliefs¡ providing sustainable development foundations by maintaining and promoting rural nature and preventing destruction of nature areas.

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the obstacles to the development of rural tourism in the target villages of Northern Khorasan, and to present an appropriate strategic model for those villages. Hence, two methods of documentary and field study have been employed to prepare the theoretical framework of our research and examine the present condition. Testing the hypotheses of the research reveals that there is a meaningful and positive correlation between the cultural and educational problems and the problems related to the development of tourism. Environmental problems are the second major obstacle and infrastructural problems are next in significance. Marketing and management problems have no meaningful relation to the dependant variable, yet in regression analysis, they show an increasing influence on the failure in tourism development. Therefore, by taking appropriate measures such as providing proper services and facilities, and appropriate planning and strategies regarding educational programs, and reconstruction of tourism infrastructures in villages, and publicizing tourism destinations and attractions and products of the target villages, we can highly improve the development of rural tourism.

The purpose of this study was to identify the strengths of tourism development in the province is the city Varzeqan. The method is applied and analytical methods. Method in the field of calling and data analysis using tools such as questionnaires and interviews have been collected¡ And questionnaires randomly divided among tourists. To collect the literature of library and documents required to collect field data from the Statistical Society of questionnaire consisting of 27 questions was used. The questionnaire included both open and closed questions¡ which provided most of its volume is derived closed questions Likert type. To measure reliability¡ Cronbach''s alpha was used to test. In this study¡ the number of independent variables as indicators of tourism development Varzeqan city¡ due to the lack of a detailed description of each of them¡ the attributes¡ the number¡ diversity and spatial position where Varzeqan city tourist attractions and reviews overall variables such as communication facilities¡ capabilities social¡ natural and city management is discussed as dependent variables. The results show that in terms of the tourist city Varzeqan more male sex¡ age group in terms of age range 33-28¡ the staff¡ the location within the county¡ 90% of respondents have been included¡ In terms of accommodation¡ city¡ through the use of their personal vehicle¡ in terms of the most visited tourist places were the fourth bore Travel to the city Varzeqan ''ve been a bachelor''s degree from the tourist city Varzeqan (161 of the study population) ¡ expressed satisfaction with the communication parameters to be «medium» have declared¡ Their consent (122 Statistical Society) capabilities of indicators of social and natural »high« as well as consent (213 of the target population) Varzeqan city management indicators are» average« is.

Tourism development in Iran for its unique natural attractions along with the historical and cultural richness could have many benefits for rural communities. Promotion of Ecotourism whose main purpose is bring benefits to nature and local communities and also the conservation and sustainability of natural resources is a strategy for development of the rural communities. One of the most basic necessary infrastructure to achieve this goal is the construction of Ecolodges in the areas with high ecotourism potential. The Construction of eco-friendly resorts is impossible without the participation of individuals; on the other hand¡ the empowered local communities are more motivated to participate in the implementation of the Ecotourism plans. Due to the impacts of constructing an Ecolodge on the partnership and empowerment Indicators in Simin Dasht area has been measured¡ this research is objective and in terms of the nature and method it is analytical and descriptive. The study sample were the residents of Simin Dasht area who among them heads of households (n = 109) were selected. To collect data¡ the questionnaire and to analyze the hypotheses the Chi-Square Test were used. The results of this study prove the significant relationship between the Ecolodge construction and the partnership and empowerment of the local people.

This study aimed to Estimate the Economic- Tourism value of the Historical Mosques in naghshe jahan square of Isfahan and analysis of the factors affecting the willingness to pay of Visitors To take advantage of the recreational and educational benefits of Historical and religious places by The contingent valuation method )CVM(.Tourist scale analysis of this Religious Centers could play an important role in overcoming the shortcomings and failures¡ Forecasting needs and management skills in order to advance tourism development on the Isfahan city. In order to analyze the factors affecting the tourists'' willingness to pay Logit model has been used and Based on the maximum likelihood method¡ parameters of the model are determined. The Required data is collected through questionnaire and interviewing visitors of 26 historic mosques in Isfahan. These data include socio - economic information of visitors and the data required for the function of the willingness to pay include education¡ occupation¡ gender and age¡ income¡ distance¡ family size¡ and health facilities and price. The results show that the 81.7 percent of the subjects are willing to pay for visiting Abbasi and Sheikh Lotfola Mosque of Isfahan city. Average willingness to pay for each visitor 8341.39 Rials has been estimated. Also¡ education¡ occupation¡ gender and age¡ income¡ distance¡ family size¡ environmental Trends¡ and health facilities and price have a significant influence on people''s willingness to pay.