فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگی و سیاسی خلیج فارس
پیاپی 5 (مهر - آذر 1394)

Persian Gulf is considered as the most important security and political area in southern Iran and could play an important role in correlating the countries around these waters. The purpose of the present study is to identify and survey the role and place of Persian Gulf in west Asia’ Energy geopolitics. The methodology in this research is utilizing the descriptive – analytic method¡ which in this section¡ according to the present information¡ the evaluation of the region’s energy resources’ condition and geopolitical analysis of the effects of energy resources on west Asia developments have been conducted. The findings indicate that Persian Gulf is located in the center of the global superpowers’ conflicts. Iran with its energy geopolitics’ absolute capabilities¡ alongside its income¡ could use its increase of economic powers in line of development and increasing national power in all aspects. Iran with acquiring of its valuable position in Energy geopolitics¡ could ensure its profit and national security with playing an effective role on regional and international energy security and emerging its own profit and national security to the energy security of the international mega-consumers.

International Maritime Law has dealt with human activities in waters and oceans that most of them are about fishing and navigation as the oldest human activities in waters. Now one of the most important subjects about it is building artificial islands.Paying attention to some maritime areas because of their location and environment is more important than other areas. Emirates has built artificial islands in it’s coasts from border of Persian Gulf.This activity has some reactions from other states near to Persian Gulf and some environmental NGOs in the world. This article tries to pay attention to it from international law outlook and it’s consequences in this important and fragile area.

Persian Gulf one of the world''s most valuable aquatic ecosystems. Despite the most diverse natural plants¡ different species of aquatic organisms and so that the environment has very special circumstances it has become a sensitive and fragile environment. Due to different natural conditions prevailing on the body of water and on land¡ the area of renewable capacity is weak in the region. And natural wounds on the body caused more destruction appropriate fields of life. According to the importance of this issue¡ this paper attempts to investigate the environmental situation in the Persian Gulf¡ the region''s environmental challenges and threats identified and in the end provide the necessary strategies and proposals. The results showed that the national and regional level should be given adequate attention to the environmental problems in the balance between development and protection of the natural environment of the Persian Gulf. In this regard¡ at the same time taking advantage of technology to prevent excessive pollution and destruction of the natural environment¡ should be tried through legislation and also promote the environmental awareness of the problem of pollution and environmental degradation fight.

The Persian Gulf has a history of more than four thousand years in the region and the world. The term has been used in all languages from Pythagorean up to 1958. Therefore¡ this study examines and identifies the name of Persian Gulf on maps and atlases in the National Library and Archives of IR.IRAN and Foreign Affairs Ministry Library. This study is fundamental and has used historical method. The study sample consisted of 14826 maps and 174 atlases in two libraries among them 689 items in National Library and 161 items in Foreign Affairs Ministry were investigated. Descriptive statistics is used to analyze the results. Results indicate that the name of the Persian Gulf on the Persian maps (49/3 percent)¡ English maps (12/2 percent) and French maps (4/7 percent) is used The name also is used on atlases in the Persian language (25/3 percent)¡ English (30/5 percent) and French (12/1percent) relating to the Middle East¡ Europe and America. This name has the highest frequency in 14th century (solar calendar = 15 lunar calendar) and 20 & 21A.D. 3 percent of the maps and atlases in two Libraries belong to the 12 A.D century or published before it. Among total of 689 items in the National Library and Archives Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran 74.4% were maps¡ and 25.3%were Atlases. Among them 358 items (54.4%) were in Persian. Except 4items with Arabian Gulf on them¡ all of the other items consider the name of Persian Gulf .4 mentioned items belong to Middle east region that have used the Arabian Gulf in 1861¡1966¡1980 and 1993. One item which is published in Europe in 2003 has used the name “Gulf”. Among total of 161 items of Foreign Affairs Library¡ Persian Gulf is used 100 percent on them. The names that are used are: AlKhalykh Alfarsy¡ Bushehr Sea¡ Persian Gulf¡ Persian Gulf Trail Golf¡ golf persique¡ persischer gulf¡ golfo persico¡ sinus persicus etc. According to the research findings¡ the name Persian Gulf has a historical authenticity¡ and current false name has no historical root.

In Geopolitical and geostrategic importance and role and causes of convergence and divergence in the Persian Gulf many scholars and experts have been expressed by articles and notes. Even in the context of borders and the formation of the Persian Gulf there are many articles. Unfortunately¡ despite the importance and role of border management that provided stability and peaceful relations with neighboring countries and understanding its method have important place for reducing conflict and unrest of border¡ can transform opportunity and capacity of border areas to achieve the bilateral cooperation and convergence with neighboring countries¡ there is not any attention. In the meantime¡ one of the major challenges has created in convergence and bilateral and multilateral relations between the countries of the Persian Gulf¡ is lack of management of common oil and gas source between these countries. So that mismanagement caused the formation of hostilities¡ abuses and is among the Persian Gulf countries. So that mismanagement caused formation of hostilities¡ abuses and … among Persian Gulf countries. Accordingly¡ present article that have done with descriptive-analytical method tries to destroy the gap between geographical studies with border management in border management of common resources in the Persian Gulf between Iran and its neighbors. And its overall goal is developing a model for the management of common resources in Iranian border with neighbors in the Persian Gulf and provides some integration between coastal countries.

Persian Gulf has always been one of the very important regions in Iranian geography from various aspects during different times. Its local¡ regional and international influences and effects that have been continued to date are reflections of this position¡ particularly from a social aspect. Persian Gulf cities¡ ports and islands in Ghajarieh era have undergone important social transformations that have also affected social transformations in Iran. Moreover¡ social transformations of this region in areas such as traditions¡ believes¡ clothes and food¡ religion¡ education¡ race and population mix¡ health care and diseases¡ urban architectures¡ entertainments¡ … have attracted a special attention from travelers ad historians in the Ghajarieh era. Therefore¡ this research studies and accurately investigates social situations of Persian Gulf from the point of view of one of the most important and a noteworthy script that is travel pieces. Not only the findings of this research are very beneficial for correction or completion of data and other information in historical scripts¡ but also are valuable in better understanding of social situation of Ghajarieh era and its main role players¡ people who are less reflected in public and dynastic history. The research has been performed using a descriptional analysis method¡ i.e. in the first step¡ the information related to the topic is extracted from the travel pieces and then processed and edited.

Every year¡ around 30th of November (9th of Azar)¡ the anniversary of recapturing and gaining the territorial control of the three Islands: Abu Musa¡ The Greater Tunb and the Lesser Tunb which were colonized by Britain¡ the reason of strategic significance of these three Islands as well as our neighbor country United Arabs Emirates’ claim that accuses Iran of occupation of the three Islands¡ have gone under questioned vehemently by most of Iranians.An outstanding point which has to be mentioned first is the geopolitical and geostrategic situation of Persian Gulf. In addition¡ possession of the richest sources of energy makes Persian Gulf as one of the vitally important regions in the world¡ to the extent that its significance not only has not perished away¡ but also it has doubled during the last centuries. Saudi Arabia with oil reserves of more than two hundred and fifty billion barrels and Iran with one hundred and fifty billion barrels are the two countries with largest oil sources in the Middle East. Moreover¡ South Pars Gas-Condensate Field which is located in Persian Gulf and shared by Iran and Qatar is the world’s largest gas field. Indeed¡ Energy and security¡ the two key-components of Persian Gulf which have been always a stand out¡ lead it to be highly considered by the Imperialists and colonizing powers in the world.

Our southern borders¡ especially marine areas Due to contact with the open sea and the center of the enemy''s bases¡ fixed and removable high and tensions rise over the country''s security are considered. Stressful policies of some countries in the region¡ In fact¡ a pretext for foreign forces in the region provides In addition¡ because of the degree of threat is effective. Persian Gulf oil reservoirs in the world as the most important role in determining the fate of the world economy¡ particularly in the industrialized world is Position in the Persian Gulf in southern Iran¡ and its important role in the geopolitical map of the world and the energy sources that have large amounts of opportunities for development. This paper explains the approach and the security and defense of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the region According to the geopolitical features of the region are trying to answer this question What is the function of this region is of strategic influence?