نشریه روان پرستاری
سال پنجم شماره 1 (پیاپی 19، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1396)

Parenting styles, as the most important and most fundamental factor shaping children's personality, are influenced by many factors including social, economic, and occupational experiences of parents. Considering job characteristics of females working in hospitals, this study aimed at investigating the parenting styles of females working in hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and some relevant variables during year 2014.
This was a correlational cross-sectional study, in which 202 females working in hospitals of Isfahan and having children with an age range of 1 to 11, were selected by convenience sampling method. All participants completed the questionnaire of demographic features and also Baumrind’s parenting style questionnaire. The information was analyzed based on descriptive and analytical statistic methods and also using the SPSS software Version 20.
The results revealed that participants received the highest average score in authoritative parenting style (32.4 ± 4.2), and the lowest in the authoritarian style (16.78 ± 6). Among the studied variables, age and number of children were negatively correlated with permissive parenting style score, and education level was positively correlated with permissive parenting style score. Other variables, however, were not significantly correlated with the parenting styles.
Considering the job characteristics of females and the essential role of mothers in raising children, it is necessary to adjust working hours of females, in addition to training and promoting parenting skills and facilities.

Type 2 diabetes is the most common chronic disease that creates a lot of restrictions for patients and their families. Hence promotion of psychological characteristics of this group has been considered by many therapists. This study aimed at investigating the effect of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on cognitive emotion regulation and alexithymia of patients with type 2 diabetes.
The present research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The population of the research included all patients with type 2 diabetes that had referred to health care centers of Ahvaz city, during year 2015. Overall, 30 patient were selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned to 2 equal groups (each group consisted of 15 people). The experimental group took part in eight 90-minute sessions of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment and the control group was placed on the waiting list. Groups completed the Garnefski et al. cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire and Bagby et al. Toronto alexithymia scale as a pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MONCOVA) method and using the SPSS-21 software.
The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the averages of cognitive emotion regulation and alexithymia of experimental and control groups in the post-test stage. On the other hand, the method of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment significantly led to an increase in cognitive emotion regulation and decrease in alexithymia of patients with type 2 diabetes (P According to the effect of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on cognitive emotion regulation and alexithymia, it is suggested for counselors, therapists, and clinical psychologists to use the mentioned method to increase cognitive emotion regulation and decrease alexithymia of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Helping abused children, to enable them to achieve post-traumatic growth, is of great importance. It is possible to help this group of children using psychotherapy to enable them to experience positive psychological components. On this basis, the current article aimed at examining the effectiveness of trauma-focused behavioral methodology on post-traumatic growth among abused children.
This was a quasi-experimental study conducted on 2 control and intervention groups with pre- and post-design, in which 26 abused children referred to Ahvaz Welfare Organization in 2017 were selected using the accessible sampling method. The participants were randomly categorized to 2 groups, including intervention and control. For the intervention group, trauma-focused behavioral methodology was performed during 10 weekly sessions. The data were collected using Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory devised by Kilmer et al., and then analyzed using independent and pair-wise t test at a significance level of 0.05%.
Following the trauma-focused behavioral methodology, the post-traumatic growth in the intervention group increased from 6.76 ± 2.24 to 17.23 ± 3.49, indicating significant post-traumatic growth in this group (P 0.06).
The current research indicated that trauma-based behavioral methodology could increase post-traumatic growth among abused children.

Worldwide increase in life expectancy and decrease in birth rate has turned population aging into a global phenomenon. Aging changes the person’s need for social support and their general self-efficacy. This study measured the effect of collaborative care model on social support and general self-efficacy of the elderly in the city of Ilam.
This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2016 with control and intervention groups consisting of the elderly residing in Ilam. For this purpose, 80 subjects selected by simple random sampling, were assigned to one control group (n = 40) and one intervention group (n = 40). For the intervention group, five 60- to 90-minute education sessions based on collaborative care model were held over the course of 3 months. Collaborative care model consists of the stages of motivation, preparation, engagement, and evaluation. Measurements were made before the intervention, and one, two and three months after the intervention, using the Duke Social Support Scale and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 20 software.
Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between social support and general self-efficacy scores of control and intervention groups (P > 0.5); however, after the intervention, the intervention group showed an increased social support score during months 2 and 3 and an increased general self-efficacy score during months 1, 2, and 3 post intervention (P 0.5).
Given the positive effect of collaborative care model on social support and general self-efficacy of elderly, the use of such nursing interventions in the clinical care of the elderly is recommended.

Considering the growing elderly population and their psychological problems, it seems that providing counseling and psychological interventions for this group, who live in nursing homes is a vital need. This study aimed at determining-the efficacy of group counseling by using gestalt techniques on morale and loneliness of elderly, who live in nursing homes.
This was a semi-experimental study with pre-posttest design and control group. Samples consisted of all elderly females living in nursing homes of Tehran. According to the inclusion/ exclusion criteria and Abbreviated Mental test, 28 individuals, who were living in Kahrizak nursing home, were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to 2 equal groups. However, during the intervention, there were some drop out and finally the number of samples was reduced to n = 20 samples, 10 samples in each group. Loneliness Scale and Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale was administered to both groups. Gestalt therapy sessions for the Experimental group were administered in 10 sessions (every session 90 minutes) for 6 weeks. The post-test data was collected after the last session and analyzed using MANCOVA.
Comparing post test results in loneliness and morale total scores in experimental and control groups and controlling pre-test effect, showed significant differences in the 2 groups (F1, 15 = 135.479, P Results showed that group counseling using Gestalt techniques may reduce loneliness and improve morale state in elders who live in nursing home. Using this technique is suggested as a way to improve the mental health of elders. Keywords: Gestalt therapy; Loneliness; Morale; Elders; Nursing home.

The families of caregivers of patients with mental illnesses have numerous stresses, experience moderate to high burden, and often receive inadequate professional support from the mental health team. Effective family functioning in these families may be influenced by a variety of psychosocial factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social support and general health in family caregivers of patients with mental illnesses.
In this correlational study, 199 family caregivers of patients with mental illnesses were selected by convenience sampling from Farshchian Psychiatry Hospital in Hamedan, during year 2015. The data were collected using demographic, Fillips Social Support, and General Health questionnaires. Data were analyzed by descriptive and spearman regression correlation.
the results indicated that social support in 45.7% of the subjects was undesirable and general health in 89.9% was weak. There was a significant relationship between these 2 variables (P = 0.001). The friends interfering domain was more undesirable than the other domains of social support. Individual life health domain was weaker than other domains of general health. The supportive interfering domain from the general health domains had the greatest correlation with social support (P = 0.001).
General health was related to social support. Thus, altering the policies with the objective of increasing social support, especially for the family of caregivers of patients with mental illnesses, could result in the promotion of their health and well-being.
Keywords:

One problem that has recently gained growing attention in the society is aggression, as it can significantly affect the quality of life. In this regard, a major concern is how to curb aggression. Accordingly, the primary goal of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group reality therapy based on choice theory on quality of life in aggressive people.
It was a quasi-experimental study with a pre/post-test design and a control group. Participants were assigned to two groups. The experimental group had 10 sessions of reality therapy, while the control group did not receive any instruction in this regard. The main research instruments were quality of life inventory and aggression questionnaire (AQ).
The results of data analysis showed a significant increase in the quality of life of subjects in the intervention group compared to the control group. In addition, the results of ANCOVA showed that controlling the pre-test and post-test results for variables of social and psychological communication as subscales of quality of life, made a significant difference between the two groups.
According to the results, it could be concluded that group reality therapy, due to its emphasis on internal locus of control, improved communication and effective satisfaction of needs, which can enhance quality of life in people with aggression.

Psychiatric nurses are regularly faced with stressful stimuli that lead to physical, psychological and behavioral symptoms; this affects the quality of patient care. Training can help us to apply effective coping strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of cognitive behavioral stress management training on job stress and psychiatric nurses’ coping strategies.
This quasi-experimental study was carried out in 2016 by 39 nurses in the Psychiatric Ward of Imam Reza Hospital in Birjand. Convenience sampling method was used. The experimental group received eight sessions (each 90 minutes) of cognitive behavioral therapy training. Both experimental and control groups filled in two questionnaires (job stress DCL and coping methods PNMCQ) before, just after and two months after the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 19, chi-squared test, independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient, with a significance level of P ≤ 0.05.
Most of the stressed nurses were worried about future outcomes and methods used to adapt a positive attitude to job stress. Comparisons of the mean total score of stress were as follows: before the study 1.79 ± 0.88, after the study 1.50 ± 0.82, and follow-up 1.69 ± 0.6; they showed a significant difference (P Cognitive behavioral stress management training is useful to apply effective compatible ways and reduce nurses’ stress levels.