مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه
سال پنجم شماره 1 (بهار 1396)

Insomnia is one of the problems that chronically affect many people for various reasons. Regarding the complications and difficulties of insomnia and also long-term use of sleeping pills which have many side effects, using medicinal plants have been considered by many researchers. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of intraperitoneal injection of aqueous extract of Ducrosia Anethifolia on sleep induced by Pentobarbital.
In this experimental study, male wistar rats (200–250 grams) were used and divided into control, sham and four treatment groups that intraperitoneally received different concentrations of Ducrosia Anethifolia extract (25, 50, 100, 200 mg/ kg). After 30 minutes of injection, all the groups received pentobarbital sodium (60 mg/kg i.p.) and hypnotic behaviors were recorded using Righting reflex.
Ducrosia Anethifolia extract accelerated the onset of sleep in all doses compared to the control group which this increase was significant at doses of 100 and 200 mg/ kg (p˂0.01). Moreover, the extract significantly increased righting reflex period compared to the control group (p˂0.05).
The aqueous extract of Ducrosia Anethifolia accelerates sleep onset and increases sleep period.

The birth of mentally retarded children in families causes stress and creates problems especially for mothers. Positive parenting is one of the educational methods doe parents which are recommended for mothers who have children with behavioral and emotional disorders. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of positive parenting program in parental stress and self-efficacy of mothers and behavioral problems of students with educable mental retardation.
In this empirical study, 30 mothers of boy students with mental retardation were selected through multistage random sampling and were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received positive parenting Program (Triple-P) of Sanders (1993) during 8 weeks. The data collection tools were parental stress questionnaire, Parental Self Agency Measure and the Child Behavior Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using multivariate covariance and univariate covariance.
The study results showed that Triple-P has an impact on behavioral problems of students and parental stress as well as on the self-efficacy of mothers with educable mentally retarded children. (P˂0.001, F=38.712, coefficient Wilk's Lambda= 0.119, size effect=0.881).
Triple-P is effective on parental stress and self-efficacy of mothers and also behavioral problems of educable mentally retarded children. Thus, the designing and implementation of educational sessions is recommended for parents.

Obesity Mood disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric diseases which occur due to ineffective coping strategies; thus, investigation of its related factors is of importance. This study was conducted to determine the relationship of Self-Differentiation with Stress-Coping Strategies and Suicide in Patients with Mood Disorders.
In this correlational-descriptive study, 146 patients with mood disorders hospitalizing in Ibn Sina Psychiatric Hospital were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using Beck scale for suicide, Skowron & Smith's differentiation questionnaire and coping strategies (Billings & Moos). Data were analyzed through Spearman correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression tests by SPSS 11.5.
There was a significant positive correlation between dimensions of self-differentiation and problem-focused coping strategies (p=0.001), while there was a significant inverse correlation between dimensions of self-differentiation with emotion-focused coping strategies and suicide (p=0/001).
Regarding the relationship between self-differentiation with coping strategies and suicide, psychiatric nurses and nurses are recommended to implement training in self-differentiation for patients with psychiatric disorders.

Menstrual Distress is widespread amongst women in fertility age. Awareness about self-caring behaviors regarding menstrual stress and trying to acquire the same based on experimental education must be considered as an important subject in the health system. Thus, this research was carried out in 2016 with the aim of studying the effect of self-caring behaviors taught to the girls about menstrual pain.
This research is a quasi- experimental study carried out on 74 college girls with dysmenorrhea who were residing the dormitories of the Azad University of Mashhad. The research units were randomly divided into two groups of control and sample. Self-behavioral scales and visual scales of pain were completed during and after the stages of intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS software and statistical testing.
The average grade of self-caring behavior of the exam group, in the second stage of follow up increased to a great extent (80.411.0 compared to 105.88.9) (p=0.005) while the average level of pain in the first scale of menstruation did not show much difference (p=0.309) but the second scale of follow up for the level of pain in the education group was (x=3.10.5) compared to the control group (x=5.51.7), showing a notable reduction (p=0.0001).
By taking action based on the findings, we could play an important role in the promotion of self-caring behaviors. A change in the manner of teenagers due to self-caring behaviors could also reduce the pain of menstruation and could prove helpful in improving the health of the girls suffering from dysmenorrhea.

Diabetes mellitus increases oxidative stress and results in the weakening of the antioxidant defense system. Leaves of mangrove (Avicennia marina) which have not been studied enough are rich in antioxidant compounds. This study was conducted to determine the effect of aqueous extract of mangrove leaves (Avicennia marina) on the antioxidant enzyme activities of ovarian tissue in diabetic rats.
32 female Wistar rats were divided into equal groups (n=8) of control, diabetic non-treated, and diabetic treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg of aqueous extract of mangrove leaves. Diabetes was induced in the diabetic non-treated group and diabetic treated groups (with mangrove extract) using an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of alloxan. The estrous cycle in rats was made identical by sex hormones. Aqueous extract of mangrove leaves was injected in diabetic groups undergoing treatment every other day for one month. Saline solution was injected into the animals of control and non-treated diabetic groups. At the end of the treatment, antioxidant enzyme's activity of the ovarian tissue was measured.
Dose-dependent administration of aqueous extract of mangrove leaves with concentrations of 100 and 200 mg/kg to diabetic rats significantly increased enzymes activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, while it significantly decreased malondialdehyde compared to the non-treated diabetic group (p The results show the dose-dependent effect of Avciennia marina in increase of the activity of antioxidant enzymes and decrease of the lipid peroxidation in diabetic rat’s ovarian tissue.

The management of job-related stress and the improvement of self-efficacy in health care workers are essential for promoting health-care services. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of stress management group therapy in job stress and self-efficacy of nurses.
This was a quasi-experimental study conducted on 20 nurses (of Nohom Day Hospital in Torbat Heydariyeh) who were selected through convenience sampling and assigned into two intervention and control groups randomly. The intervention group participated in 8 sessions of stress management group therapy and the control group received no intervention. Data analyses were performed using descriptive statistics and independent and dependent t-test by SPSS 21.
The mean and standard deviation of participant's age in the intervention and control group were 38.00±6.24, 36.00±8.5, respectively. After the intervention, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of job stress and self-efficacy between control and intervention groups (p It can be concluded that performing stress management group therapy among nurses can reduce job stress and increase self-efficacy. Therefore, it is recommended that this useful and effective approach be employed for empowering the workforce in the health system.

Midlife is one of the most important steps of life that in case of lack of exercise, can lead to a significant reduction in quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of Aquatic Exercise on quality of life, Body Mass index, and cardiovascular Markers in Middle-aged Women.
After measuring anthropometric markers, 20 women aged between 45 and 55 years were randomly assigned into two groups of aquatic exercise (n=10) and control (n=10). In the baseline stage, both groups completed WHOQOL-BREF scale to assess the quality of life. Moreover, Body Mass index and cardiovascular Markers were measured. The exercises in aquatic exercise group were performed in 60 minutes sessions twice a week for eight weeks. At the end of the eighth week, study parameters were measured in both groups.
Eight weeks of aquatic exercise significantly increased the quality of life in middle-aged women (P=0.001), so that in addition to the overall life quality scores, the subscales including mental health (P=0.001), social relationships (P=0.02) and environmental health (P=0.001) were improved. In addition, blood pressure (P=0.04) and body mass index (P=0.001) were significantly decreased.
Eight weeks of aquatic exercise may significantly increase the quality of life and improve Body Mass index and cardiovascular indices in middle-aged women.

Peripheral cannabinoid and glycine receptors are involved in food intake regulation. This study was conducted to investigate the possible interaction between these two receptors in regulating food intake.
This is an experimental study which was conducted on forty male Wistar rats. In the first phase of the experiment, the rats simultaneously received intraperitoneal injections of arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamid (ACEA), CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonist (1 mg/kg) and glycine (100 mg/kg). In the second phase, the effect of intraperitoneal pretreatment with strychnine hydrochloride (post synaptic glycine receptor antagonist) with a dose of 0.01 mg/kg on ACEA, induced feeding was investigated. In the third phase, the impact of intraperitoneal pretreatment with AM281 with a dose of 0.5 mg/kg (CB1 receptor antagonist), glycine induced feeding behaviors was surveyed. Finally, in the fourth phase, the interaction effect of AM281 and strychnine hydrochloride was evaluated.
In the first step, intraperitoneal injection of glycine significantly increased food intake. Also, following the administration, food intake significantly increased (p˂0.05). Co-injection of glycine and ACEA had no significant effect on food intake compared to the sole injection of each agent (p˃0.05). In the second step, intraperitoneal pretreatment with strychnine hydrochloride had no significant effect on ACEA-induced hyperphagia. Furthermore, intraperitoneal pretreatment with AM281 did not affect glycine induced feeding. In the fourth phase, co-administration of AM281 and strychnine hydrochloride significantly decreased cumulative food intake compared to the sole administration of each agent (p˂0.05).
The interaction between peripheral CB1 cannabinoid receptors and glycine receptors has not been investigated so far. In the present study, despite some synergistic effects, it seems that glycine and cannabinoid receptors can cause hyperphagia through independent neuronal pathways.