نشریه پلاسما و نشانگرهای زیستی
سال دهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 38، بهار 1396)

Inroduction & ObjectiveIn addition to the sedative properties of Lavendula officinalis aqueous extract, it is effective on diabetes and depression and has antimicrobial properties. However, its effect on reproductive system has not been reviewed yet. Therefore, in this study the effect of Lavendula officinalis aqueous extract on Balb/C mouse uterus was investigated.
In this study 65 Balb/C adult female mice. After injection of aqueous extract and observation lack of lethal symptoms, experiments was continued with selected doses: 6 (group1:15mice),12 (group2:15mice),18 (group3:15mice) g/kg.bw. Interperitoneally injections were done for 12 days on 65 mice. Results were compared with the control group (non-injection: 10 mice ) and sham (injection of normal saline:10 mice. Data was checked with SPSS 20 software ANOVA and Duncan post test ,subject to P
Experiments showed a significant decrease in uterine glands, diameter of uterus and thickness of endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium P
According to these observations, it can be concluded that Lavendula officinalis aqueous extract has detrimental effect on female uterus and may be use as a contraceptive pill in the future.

Inroduction & Major changes occurred in the mother's body during pregnancy, sometimes these changes for both mother and fetus at risk by recognizing the changes in the conditions of a woman's pregnancy can be managed. In this study, histomorphometry changes of spleen tissue during pregnancy and lactation in female Wistar rats were studied.
In this study, 54 Wistar rats (12 male and 42 female) with an average weight of 220-240 g and after breeding and observation of vaginal plug 18 pregnant rats into 3 groups of 6 rats and 6 Rat non-pregnant adult female as control groups, and including the first day of pregnancy into 4 groups, control, 10 and 20 of pregnancy and the first week of lactation were divided. Then the rats were dissected and spleen tissue for histopathological examination with hematoxylin-eosin out and were. In cases the number of macrophages, white pulp megakaryocytes and diameter were evaluated. Statistical analysis ANOVA and Duncan test were examined.
The results indicated that in spleen tissue number of macrophages at 10 and 20 and diameter(P
Processes of pregnancy increases changes done in spleen tissue included increases white pulp and macrophages. These changes are dependent on mother's immune system

Inroduction & The increased production and use of nanoparticles has led to the growing concerns about their negative side effects on biological systems. This study evaluated the effect of Fe2NiO4 nanoparticle on the serum levels of TSH, thyroid hormones (T3, T4) and thyroid histology.
Methods and material: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Control: rats received 0.5 ml saline for 7 consecutive days. Group 1 and 2: rats received 0.5 ml of nanoparticle solution at doses of 100 and 200 ppm. Serum biochemical parameters were evaluated in rats, after 2, 7 and 14-days of post exposure. On the 14th days thyroid tissue was removed and used for histological assessment.
On the 7th and 14th days, the serum levels of TSH in rats exposed to nanoparticle were significantly lower than that in the control group. IP injection of Fe2NiO4 had no effects on serum T3 level but significantly increased serum level of T4. Fe2NiO4 caused significant alterations in thyroid histology.
Fe2NiO4 nanoparticles can disrupt synthesis and secretion of T4 and TSH through alteration of Hypothalamic-pituitary- endocrine axis and damage of thyroid tissue

Inroduction & In aquaculture, algae to increase immunityand survival of fish used commercially. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing fish meal with Grasilaria macroalgae in the diet and its effect on bloodfactorsin Asian Sea bass (Latescalcarifer
Material and For this purpose, 150 pieces of fish with an average weight of 28 grams perfectly with 3 replications and 3 treatments in the 15, 300-liter fiberglass tanks (10 fish per tank) were distributed. Fish for 40 days with a diet containing 3, 6 and 9 percent macroalgae powder Grasilaria per kg of food and two groups of positive and negative controls (both no algae) were fed. At the end of the experiment the fish Caudal vein collected blood samples and blood parameters were measured.
The results of the present study showed that the replacement of macroalgae in the diet of Asian Sea bass on fish blood factors including hemoglobin, hematocrit and differential percentage of white blood cells have no significant effect. But, at the treatment of 3% replacement of macroalgae were observed significant different in levels of white blood cells count, lysozyme and total protein amount (P
The results of this study showed that replacement of macroalgae (Gracilaria pygmaeaat level of 3 percent have resulted in significantly increase in the white blood cells and lysozyme than the control group and the amount of total protein at the 3 and 6 percent had a significant increase compared to the control group.

Inroduction & Different studies have demonstrated the effects of cell phone induced electromagnetic field on hepatic cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the hrpatoprotective effects of silymarin on this kind of damages
Material and Seventy rats were divided in five groups. One control group and four exposure groups that were exposed to cell phone radiation 5 times a day for 30 days each time 10 minutes. At the end of the study all of the rats were sacrificed and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), total proptein, total bilirubin and albumin were measured. Liver samples were obtained for histopathological studies
Cell phone radiation significantly (P≤005) increased levels of ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin and decreased levels of total protein and albumin. In groups treated with silymarin improve in biochemical factors were noted. Histopathological findings were consistent with biochemical findings
Our results suggest that silymarin has hepatoprotective effects on cell phone induced liver damaged due to free radical scavenger and antioxidant

Inroduction & Zolpidem (with the brand name of Ambien) is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic which binds to the benzodiazepine binding site on the GABA-A receptors given that this drug is used in more puberty so.The aim of this study was the effect of zolpidem on reproductive system of female adult NMRI mouse.
Material and In this experimental study thirty adult female mice NMRI strain at a mean weight of 30±26 grams were divided into five groups Zolpidem solution was prepared in distilled water at 5, 10, and 20 (mg/kg of body weigh) doses, and 0.5 cc injections were done intraperitoneally every day for 14 days The con trol group received no injection. The sham group received distilled water (as solvent of zolpidem) and treatment groups of 1, 2, and 3 received doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg The treatment groups were sacrificed one day after the last injection, and their hearts were dissected and blood samples were obtained.The concentrations of the hormones were measured by the ELISA testThe uterus tissue was separated and examined after the process of alcohol supply, molding, shredding as well as Hematoxylin and eosin painting and the results were evaluated via the tukey-test, ANOVA by SPSS program.
The results showed a significant decrease in the mean serum, Estradiol in the experimental groups compared to the sham and control histological studies of sections showed the diameter of endometrium and uterus lumen, decreased in experimental groups compared to the sham and control Also significant decrease the number of uterus glands in experimental groups 3 compared to the sham and control.
Injection of zolpidem significantly is effective on ,uterus tissue and concentration of Estradiol hormone.

Inroduction & Heavy metals like copper, even at low concentrations, can damage the tissue of creatures. According to high doses of copper in neonate's liver and the importance of liver development, this study was conducted by the purpose of the evaluation of the effect of copper sulfate on the Wistar rat's fetal liver tissue.
Material and In this experimental study, 48 male and female Wistar rats with weight range of 200 to 250 gr were used. Before pregnancy, adult female rats were divided randomly into four control and copper sulfate experimental groups. Experimental groups respectively delivered 0.25, 0.5 and 1 gr copper sulfate in each 1000 gr of standard diet for 2 weeks before mating and during pregnancy. At the 21th day of pregnancy, rats were euthanized and the fetuses were removed from the female uteri and the liver was prepared for the purpose of histological studies. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and P was considered significant.
Average cephalocaudal length in the control group in comparison to experimental groups of 1 and 3 indicated significant difference (P
Copper sulfate at average and higher concentrations may have destructive effects on histology and cells of fetal liver. These changes and damages can be a function of the amount of consumption dose, time period and consumption period of copper sulfate

Inroduction & Royal jelly is a compound that is produced by the worker honey bees. This compound has antioxidant activity and protective effects against oxidative stress. The aim of this study were to determine protective role of royal jelly on decrease side effects of ofloxacin and return reproductive function near normal rang in ofloxacin treated male rat
Material and In this experimental work used 32 male albino rats that each has body weight between 160-18o gand accidentally divided to 4 groups: ofloxacin, royal jelly , ofloxacin with royal jelly and control. Each group included 8 rats. Dosage for ofloxacin group was 216 mg/kg.BW ofloxacin and for royal jelly group was 100 mg/kg.BW royal jelly. Royal Jelly with ofloxacin group received 216 mg/kg ofloxacin and100 mg/kg royal jelly. Control group received distilled water at dose of 216 mg/kg.BW. All groups received dose - related daily for 28 days orally. Data analyzed by one-way ANOVA and used Turkey HSD Post-test to compare the significance of difference.
After exposure ofloxacin results revealed thatdiameter of seminiferous tubules, thickness of epithelium seminiferous tubules, weight testes,FSH, LH, testosterone, TTM ,TAOCand RI in compared to control significance decline,but distance between seminiferous tubule ,TDI , SI, MDA and NO significanceincreased. All parameters were improved to near normal rang level after exposure royal jelly.
This investigation revealed that ofloxacin has negative effect on histomorphometry and reproductive function in mature male rats,but at the same time if you use royal jelly it is protects against ofloxacin and retune to normal rang.

Inroduction & Otoliths or ear stones related to balance, movement and hearing. Otoliths are used to determine the age of a considered as an indicator. Growth layers are produced daily at regular intervals setting and natural conditions but environmental fluctuations such as nutrition, activity and thermal changes affect on it. Sardine fishing areas along the southern coast of Iran are along the port of Jask in Hormozgan province East to Bandar Kangan in the eastern part of the province Boshehr. Due to wide dispersal and diverse environments of this species, the variation in morphology of otoliths is not unexpected. The aim of this study was to investigate possible variations in the structure of sagittae otoliths in fish distribution in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea.
Material and During the winter and spring 2011 and 2012 63 sample of white Sardines were captured from 3 sites ,Jask area, Qeshm and Lengeh. After biometric studies the left and right sagittae otoliths were extracted and examined. The captured datas were be examined by one way ANOVA and multivariate analysis of variance MANOVA.
Statistical analysis traits not found significant differences between the three regions. These results were also confirmed by test post-hoc and Claster analysis. Although some degree of separation between the three regions was observed, but the overlap was more than distinguishing three regions from each other.
No significant differences in morphological otoliths in the three region of sampeling can confirms that the population of this species in three sampling sitesare related with each other and mixing took place due to lack of significant differences in this trait is .