نشریه زن در توسعه و سیاست
سال پانزدهم شماره 2 (تابستان 1396)

In the last centuries, although having a fat and obese body was the indication of a healthy, normal and attractive woman, but common values at the present according to the promoting factors, offers another patterns. Having thin and drawn body the value that woman according to the practices with this values are followed them. Demand the particular shape of the body based on social values attribute to normal and balance body, causes body dissatisfaction and increases incidence rates of anorexia nervosa among adolescence that they are most vulnerable groups. This research wants to consider and study the some sociological of factors related with anorexia nervosa among high school girls students of Hamadan city. In explanation of this survey use the theories include cultivation, social learning and social comparison theory. Explanation of this survey use the theories include cultivation, social learning and social comparison theory. The Survey method & the Questionnaire techniques were used at this research with asking 300 persons of among high school girl students of Hamadan city. Findings show that is a positive relationship between anorexia nervosa with social comparison, peers pressure and the media also is a negative relationship between body image and anorexia nervosa. It also shows that peer’s pressure and body mass index has an important effect on explanation of girl’s student anorexia nervosa.

The paper aims to analyze the factors prevent women’s job advancement and promotion in organizations. In this study, Qualitative methodology and Directed Qualitative Content Analyze approach were applied, and 16 women of the municipal districts 2, 4, 13, 16, and 22 of Tehran were interviewed during a four-month period from May, 2016 to August, 2016. Repeated reviewing and analyzing written interviews, 85 semantic units, 33 codes, 5 classes, and 2 themes were extracted. Two concepts of (Social-Cultural Requirements), (Role Requirements) were recognized as the research themes and the main factors of preventing women from job promotion. (Social-Cultural Requirements) is related to the factors which are obstacles to women's job promotion, as the forces from society structure. (Role Requirements) is related to the factors which do not prevent job promotion directly, but ruin women personal passion to advancement, by affecting their inner desire. Based on this study, it is concluded, by focusing on Role Requirements, it can be overcome the obstacles to women' job promotion.

Since family economics is the application of economic theory in explaining behavior with respect to family, marriage is undoubtedly one of the items in this realm. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of marriage on women's home labor supply theoretically and empirically. Accordingly, the utility maximization approach is applied to demonstrate how the behavior of a typical single woman changes after happening of marriage. The theoretical model predicts that women move to specialization in home production following marriage and their welfare will increase therefore. Two samples including single and married women who reside in Tehran have used to present empirical evidence. These samples are restricted to all regions of Tehran on the basis of segmentation carried out by municipality. Data have gathered by questionnaire which was constructed by author. Results approve the prediction of theoretical analysis. Estimations show that happening marriage will significantly lead to increase in home labor supply. These findings suggest that women specialize in home production by marriage. In addition, results also indicate that income, education and employment have negative and statistically significant effect on work within home while, by contrast, the number of children has positive and statistically significant impact.

"My Stealthy Freedom" is the name of a Facebook page that demands to protest against compulsory Hijab and demonstrate willing of clothing freedom for women in Iran. The foundation and activity of the page had been described as a "social movement". Some western media claimed that this would be a successful social movement for Iranian women and some others asserted that this page would be a new platform in which Iranian women represent a new image of their identity. In this paper, analyzing qualitatively a purposive sample of photos with their captions, we are questioning these claims again. Our findings indicate that despite some excitements about a new social movement for Iranian women in western media and western human rights association, "My Stealthy Freedom" cannot be considered as a new applicable social movement against Iran's government and the law of compulsory hijab in Iran. Finally, we conclude that this Facebook page is, not only incapable of organizing a real social movement against hijab but also can be a well-suited example for the concept of slacktivism.

Today, the number of women who have lost their husbands as a result of divorce is on the rise. This women's experiences often changes in their relationships because of economic and social pressures. This study aimed to explore the experiences of women under 35 years divorced from changes in family and social relationships were then applied to the Saveh. Interviewees in terms of employment and mother were in a different position. According that women experience about the nature of their relationships after divorce are explored approach of this research is phenomenological. Essence of women experience was In family relationships, supportive and control environment and in social relations, internal and external social exclusion and unsafe occupational and social environment. The results of many applications for social protection and education of women after divorce relationships after divorce will be a couple of changes

Rural women have an important role in supporting their rural household's livelihoods and can significantly contribute to the sustainable natural resources management programmes. The purpose of this research was to investigate rural women's livelihood activities and their related needs for enhancing their knowledge and social capacities. The study was conducted using a case study through participatory rapid appraisal techniques in the Ghezel Tape Aligholi Village located in the Zanjan Province of Iran. Rural women contributed to their household's livelihoods through various livelihood strategies, comprising non-agricultural activities including carpet weaving; agricultural activities dependent on rangelands, specially collecting naturally medicinal and edible plants; and agricultural activities with low dependency on rangelands, particularly product harvest and local processing. Assessing rural women' needs showed that they mostly needed updated knowledge and skills regarding proper harvest, processing and packaging of horticultural and dairy products, natural resources conservation methods, new agricultural and non-agricultural activities, and higher literacy. The necessity to improve rural women's environmental attitude, particularly about rural waste management was also recognised to be an important need. Moreover, they need to strengthen their social capacities, particularly in regard to influencing agricultural markets, relations and trust in rural communities and with external actors, and strengthening rural women organisations. These needs imply the necessity of developing agricultural extension and natural resources management programmes for human and social capacity building of rural women.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how to face with disruption of sense of tranquility in marital life among married women living in Tehran. This research has been done using grounded theory method and deployment of deep interview technique. In the facing with disruption of sense of tranquility, which is the result of the gap between the assets and demands of women, so has led them to adopt a set of strategies with two general approaches of "change in assets" including the modification of the spousal relationship, the management of interactive problems with families, improving the status of children, paying attention to self and removing structural barriers, with the aim of changing the available status into desirable, and "change in demands" including reducing demands, patiently Forgiveness and choosing the null relationship, with the aim of accepting the available status. Choosing these strategies and their effectiveness is affected by a set of conditions such as “decision-making factors" including the husband's approach, religious beliefs, domination of affection and exterior constraint.