فهرست مطالب

مجله مطالعات علوم پزشکی
سال بیست و هشتم شماره 4 (تیر 1396)

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/04/27
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Nazila Farrokh Eslamloo *, Mehdi Sarkhosh, Javad Gholami Pages 1-15
    Background and Aims
    Recently, the role of English has shifted from the more general perspective of every day usage to a narrower situation and task specific perspective. Many experts in the field argue that Learners need English for a particular task or a field of study and successful courses are those that concentrate on one particular area in teaching English. Accordingly, the present study attempts to investigate the issue of whether the English teacher or the field specialist or their cooperative instruction is more effective.
    Materials and Methods
    Three groups of 130 medical students participated in this study. The first experimental group taught by cooperation of both an English teacher and a field specialist and also, two other experimental groups, one taught by a field specialist alone and the other taught by an English teacher. One test of reading comprehension was developed, which was used both for the pretest and the posttest; besides, a vocabulary test was designed, which was used both for pre and posttests. Mixed methods experimental research design was utilized for the present study.
    Results
    Both qualitative and quantitative analyses revealed that the class taught by the cooperative method held more positive attitudes toward learning English and they paid more attention to reading skill.
    Conclusion
    The findings of the study showed that among language skills, reading was considered the most important by the students, and cooperative teaching was so effective in student's achievements in both reading comprehension and vocabulary tests.
    Keywords: EMP, cooperative teaching, English medical students, needs analysis
  • Neda Norouzi, Mortaza Bonyadi *, Esmaeil Babaei, Mohammad Hossein Jabbarpour Bonyadi, Alireza Javadzadeh Pages 16-21
    Background and Aims
    To investigate the association of CFI p.Gly119Arg polymorphism with Age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
    Materials and Methods
    In this case-control study, the association of p.Gly119Arg polymorphism in CFI gene was investigated in 65 patients suffering from AMD and150 healthy age, sex and ethnicity matched unrelated people as control group. Both of the case and control groups were originated from Northwest of Iran. Genotypes of both groups were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).
    Results
    Investigation of the association of p.Gly119Arg polymorphism in CFI gene with AMD showed that there are no statistically significant differences between patients and controls in genotype and allele frequencies of this polymorphism (P˃0/05).
    Conclusion
    Our result show that p.Gly119Arg polymorphism of the CFI gene is unrelated to the susceptibility to AMD in Northwest of Iran.
    Keywords: AMD, polymorphism, CFI gene
  • Dr Majid Kermani, Mohsen Dowlati *, Dr Ahmad Jonidi Jafari, Dr Roshanak Rezaei Kalantari Pages 22-32
    Background and Aims
    Air pollution has adverse effects on human health and cause various diseases including cardiovascular disease and respiratory. Therefore this study with aim of study of Number of total mortality, cardiovascular mortality and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease due to exposure with Nitrogen dioxide in Tehran during 2005-2014 were performed.
    Materials and Methods
    This study is a descriptive–analytic. At first hourly data were taken from Tehran environmental protection agency and Air Quality Control Company. Then validated according to the WHO guidelines and Statistical parameters for quantifying health effects were calculated in excel. Finally, assessment of cases total mortality with software was performed.
    Results
    The results showed that the number of total mortality caused by exposure to NO2 In the past decade is 15141 people. Also the total number of cardiovascular mortality in the past decade is 8480 people and the total number of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the past decade is 2454 people in 2005-2014 years.
    Conclusion
    Air pollution, especially nitrogen dioxide leads to mortality And Morbidity in a lot of people. According to the results of this study should such actions, policies and planning and management to reduce air pollution preparedness of hospitals and health centers, educating the public Be done.
    Keywords: Air pollution, total mortality, cardiovascular, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Nitrogen dioxide
  • Dr. Neda Soleimani *, Dr. Ashraf Mohabbati Mobarez, Dr. Nima Khodamabadi Pages 33-40
    Background and Aims
    Breast cancer is the most common carcinoma in women and one of the main causes of death in developed and developing countries. Today, compounds with immunolodulator properties can be replaced with routine drugs. One of them is Deacetylchitin. This study aimed to evaluate proliferation and survival of spleen immune cells treated by Deacetylchitin nanoparticles on breast cancer mouse model.
    Materials and Methods
    Deacetylchitin nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation method. Zeta Sizer device measured electrical charge of nanoparticles and their size was measured by DLS and SEM. The tumor was created within two weeks after injection to BALB/c mice and then different mice groups were treated with Deacetylchitin nanoparticles and controls with PBS. After three weeks, the mice were sacrificed. The proliferation and survival of spleen lymphocyte was evaluated by MTT.
    Results
    Deacetylchitin nanoparticles induce proliferation of spleen cells culture. Lymphocyte proliferation showed a significant increase in Deacetylchitin nanoparticles of treated group compared to control (p
    Conclusion
    Our findings suggest that chitosan nanoparticles can stimulate the immune system and proliferate lymphocytes. This combination can be used as a medicinal supplement to stimulate the immune system to be effective in immunotherapy.
    Keywords: Immunotherapy, chitosan nanoparticle, Breast cancer
  • Hashem Mahmoudzadeh *, Ahmad Ali Nikibakhsh Pages 40-44
    A-6 –months old infant was assessed with urinary tract infection. In the abdominal sonography left kidney was absent. In radiology report single kidney noted. DTPA SCAN was requested for evaluation of moderate hydronephrosis of the right kidney and ectopic in the chest area was seen. Then VCUG was requested for further evaluation that showed bilateral reflux in urinary system. The mass was seen in CXR that related to an ectopic kidney.
    Keywords: ectopic kidney, bilateral vesico urethral reflux
  • Roya Goodarzi *, Javad Gholami Pages 54-64
    Introduction
    Citation is an essential prevalent feature of all academic writings in various fields of knowledge. It is employed by authors and researchers across disciplines for diverse reasons. This study was aimed at comparing types and functions of citations in medical research articles in discussion sections between Iranian medical faculty members and their native counterparts.
    Method
    To this end, discussion sections of 48 native and non-native written Research Articles (RAs) from credible ISI-indexed journals with good impact factor (about 0.5-1.5) from each group were analyzed in terms of citation types and functions.
    Results
    The results revealed that non-integral citations were found to be the most frequent citation type both among RAs written by non-native and native researchers. Also, Vancouver referencing style in non-native articles was used more while in native articles APA referencing style was the dominant style. Concerning citation functions, referencing was the most common one in native articles. However, referencing and comparisons were the most two frequent functions among non-native articles. As the results revealed, there were striking differences in citation practices of native and non-native researchers in medical sciences.
    Conclusion
    This study calls for reevaluation of citation practices among Iranian authors and systematic treatment of types and functions of citations in ESM and EAP writing courses.
    Keywords: citation, citation function, citation type, medical research articles, medical writing
  • Monireh Mahmoodi *, Malek Soleimani Mehranjani Pages 64-73
    Background and Aims
    Sodium arsenite causes oxidative stress and endocrine disorders in the reproductive system. The aim was to investigate the protective role of curcumin as an antioxidant on the seminal vesicle tissue in adult mice treated with sodium arsenite.
    Materials and Methods
    Adult male Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (six mice per group) including control, sham (treated with DMSO), Sodium arsenite (5mg/kg/day b.w.), Curcumin (15mg/kg/day b.w.) and Sodium arsenite Curcumin. After 5 weeks of treatment, the mice were anesthetized and the seminal vesicles were removed and weighed. This followed by evaluating of the mean total volume of seminal vesicle and the mean volume of parenchyma, vesicular fluid, epithelial cells, vessels, connective and muscular tissues using stereological techniques. The results analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test and the means were considered significantly different at p
    Results
    A significant reduction in the mean total volume of seminal vesicle and mean volume of vesicular fluid (p
    Conclusion
    Our results showed that curcumin could prevent the adverse histological changes induced by sodium arsenite treatment on the seminal vesicle in mice.
    Keywords: Sodium arsenite, Curcumin, Seminal vesicles, Stereology, Mice
  • Ehsan Moghaddas Kia, Mohammad Alizadeh *, Mohammad Reza Vardast, Mahmoud Rezazad Page 74
    Background and Aims
    Magnetically molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) are assumed as kind of sorbent polymers ýwhich can separate or determine bioactive compounds from environment fast and specifically. ýMagnetic properties, stability at various conditions (temperature , ionic strength and pH) and selective ýfunction are among the advantages of these polymers in determination of nutraceutical compound. In current research, a molecularly imprinted polymer synthesized by application of Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles and its functional properties were ýevaluated.
    Materials and Methods
    In order to fabricate polymer, firstly Coþ-þprecipitation method was used for ýmanufacturing of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated by ýsilica. Then stigmasterol imprinted ýpolymer were prepared by grafting sol-gel procedure. ýFinally obtained polymer were eluted by ýmixture of ethanol-water-chloroform to create specific sorbent cavities for stigmasterol. Polymer ýwas incubated with stigmasterol stock solution and binding capacity ýwas determined through high ýperformance liquid chromatography.
    Results
    Structure and morphology of ýsamples were evaluated by FT-ýIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy and Zeta sizer was used for determination of their zeta potential. ýMMIPs ýcould separate ýþ78% þý of stigmasterol from stock solution during 60 minutes and its binding ýcapacity was ýþ19.5þý mg/g. FT-IR spectrometry and zeta potential data revealed well-designed coating ýof silica around magnetic Fe3O4ý cores. Adsorbent silica layers were reinforced through sol-gel ýpolymerization method. Polymer morphology was porous, coarse and particle dimensions were ý less than 50 nanometers.
    Conclusion
    So regarding separation and structural characteristics of properties these sorbents, the produced magnetically imprinted nanopolymer can be used for detection of stigmasterol as a neutraceutical compound.
    Keywords: Stigmasterol, Molecularly imprinted polymer, magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2