نشریه معرفت فرهنگی اجتماعی
سال هشتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 30، بهار 1396)

Through mass media and in association with some events and special incidents, the people in the west have known Islam and Islamic culture. The lack of paying little attention to these incidents, is one of the weaknesses of the studies and comments regarding Islamophobia, especially media Islamophobia. Having a vague idea about the past of the western media to Islam is the other weakness in these studies. Therefore, in order to gain an accurate understanding of representing Islam in western Media, we must pay complete attention to the historical background of presenting this topic. The current study aims at dealing with critical eras that Islam and media Islamophobia have been in the center of attention in the form of three consecutive phenomena especially the Eleventh of September incident.

During the recent decades in the Islamic countries, confronting with western human sciences resulted in generating a number of theories around adopting a pattern for transforming these sciences. Fundamentally, adopting an effective strategy against the interests of cultural colonialism and scientific dominance of western countries requires analysis of the injurious dimensions in current human sciences. In this regard, the supreme leader of the Islamic Revolution Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Khamenei in three recent decades has expressed considerable statements concerning human sciences that can be discovered and articulated those in the format of the cultural pathology approach. In this article, applying documentary research method and using the martyr Morteza Motahhari’s analytic-theoretical attitude regarding conceptual and theoretical relationship among human sciences, culture, and religion, researchers seek to regularize two main axes of that pathological approach, as follow: 1- human sciences as the arena of influence of world views and the west’s cultural invasion have been systematically regarded according to the relation of social system with human sciences. 2- The cultural-critical pattern against the western human sciences, which has requirements for cultural scientific orientation, has been exploited.

Owning to the great scientific and technological influences, different societies are being altered into information societies. Social networks with its national and international scope and converting them into private media that is independent form government`s supervision are now unique means for communication. Influencing the deep layers of social life of the human, these media have affected the lifestyle and even identity of the human. Using an analytical-theoretical approach, the present paper seeks to explore the styles of mass media especially social networks for the social and cultural influence. In a comprehensive analysis the findings show that the styles of social influence include; trust and confidentiality, inclination and connection, stimulating emotions, continuous step-by-step relationship, weakening religious beliefs, ethnic and religious disputes, promoting doubts and moral and cultural inconsiderateness. Using these styles and behavioral, observational, recognition, emotional and physiological effects, mass media has prepared the grounds for more satisfaction, attraction and influence of the audiences.

Various approaches can be discovered for the way an Islamic Utopia and designing a pattern of its laws and features, is formed. The current paper which considers Mecca as the most Sacred Islamic town, seeks to present an Islamic Utopia by considering the most sacred Islamic city; Mecca, and her features based on the Quran and narrations. This descriptive-explanatory study is based on values and it attempts to show an Islamic Utopia by referring to narrative sources. Mecca and its most important symbol Kaaba is overwhelmed with deep monotheistic meanings and value and human symbols. Features like; the first home for human, the center of guidance and goodness, having glory, magnificence, security, the flag of monotheism for all, including all races and sects to know one another and in order to benefit from this great gathering, based on the two basic pillars of divine guardianship and exoneration from idolaters, it has given a great potential to Mecca as the Islamic Utopia.

Government`s responsibility for administering social justice is one of the controversial topics in the realm of discussions concerning social justice. This article aims at presenting a comparison between the views of Muslim and western scholars in this regard. Using the method of analysis of documents and using analysis and comparison, this study seeks to present that the first disagreement between these two groups is on justice. Regarding the government`s intervening in justice three main views are presented: complete opposite view, the supporters of maximum involvement, the mediocre or the third way. Meanwhile we can consider John Ralls` view as an independent one, however it seems to be a mediocre way that Islam emphasizes on. Although we can consider it the third way, in order to show the difference of John Ralls` view, it is better to call it the third Islamic way.

The adaptation to profound changes has always been a part of life. One of these changes was population that increased at a time and decreased at another and made a lot of challenges for the societies. Adaptation has influenced the process of decreasing the fertility through various infrastructures. One of them is spreading the culture of feminism. Using a library-based documentary method, this paper attempts to analyze the feministic theories and Islamic theories regarding demographic implications. The findings show that spreading thoughts like; individualism, having negative attitude toward marriage, breading and mother`s role and also prescribing abortion, absolute sexual freedom, undermining housework, encouraging women to rethinking and redefining women`s identity, the feminism theory has influenced demographic implications. However, presenting a positive attitude toward marriage, breeding and sexual roles and fighting with abortion, Islam has dealt with the demographic implications from a positive angle.