مجله مراقبت پرستاری و مامایی ابن سینا
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 3 (پیاپی 58، مهر و آبان 1396)

Cough is a common complication after anesthesia can lead to serious complications. This study carried out to evaluate the effect of intravenous and intra-cuff hydrocortisone on the severity of cough after anesthesia using endotracheal tube.
In this RCT study, 135 patients with distal limb were selected and randomly assigned in A, B and C group. After intubation, in group A, 100 mg diluted hydrocortisone is injected IV in group B, endotracheal tube cuff is filled with 100 mg hydrocortisone and for group C, cuff is filled by 5-10 ml distilled water. Frequency and severity of cough using VAS at 2, 6 and 24 hours after anesthesia were measured.
No significant difference revealed in the frequency of cough at 2, 6 and 24 hours after anesthesia in all three groups (P>0.05). In the group hydrocortisone intravenously, at 2 and 6 hours after anesthesia, equal frequency of cough (4.35%) and at 24 hours after anesthesia, reducing the frequency of cough (2.17%), compared with the control group, was observed. In the hydrocortisone group, at 2 hours after anesthesia, in the experimental group (6.67%) compared to control (6.82%) decreased frequency of cough and at 6 hours after anesthesia in experimental group (8.83%) compared to control (4.55%), increasing in frequency of cough and at 24 hours after anesthesia, the same frequency of cough (0%) was observed.
Using intravenous hydrocortisone instead of intra-cuff hydrocortisone to reduce the frequency of cough after intubation and further studies in this area is recommended.

Pay attention to the psychological aspects of diabetic patients is important and can be very useful in the process of treatment of them. Training is essential in these patients Peer education in facilitating and improving health and Create a Learning Atmosphere has many effects. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of peer education on diabetes quality of life.
In this randomized control trial study, 70 diabetic patients who were in Firoozgar hospital in Tehran were recruited using the convenience sampling method. The patients were assigned randomly into two control and intervention groups. Patients in the intervention group were trained by peers during the two sessions, but the patients in the control group received only routine education. Data were collected by demographic and diabetes quality of life questionnaire. Patient’s qualities of life were measured before the education and 2 months after the intervention. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data by SPSS.
Mean diabetes quality of life in both groups had no statistically significant before peer education (P:0.3). Mean of quality of life score in diabetic patients in intervention group was significantly different from control group at two months after the intervention. (P According to the results of this study, it seems that peer education in diabetic patients is effective to increase quality of life in these patients. So it is recommended to educate patients by using this approach.

This study is Randomized control trials that all of the spinal cord injury, who referred to khatam-al Anbia Hospital in Tehran Iran in first 6 month of 1393, was our statistical research community. 40 patient were selected Based on inclusion criteria and purposive sampling method. They were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control by using a table of random numbers. Experimental groups were performed intervention include exercise program for paraplegia spinal cord injury during twelve 45-60minutes sessions, twice a week. SPSS statistical software SPSS19 data using chi-square, independent t-test and paired T was performed.
Results showed that no different between two group of intervention and control about demographic characteristics. The mean visceral pain intensity Score was 5/12±0/87 in intervention group, and 4/76±0/65 in the control group before intervention, which respectively reached to 2/89±0/95 and 4/47±0/62 after implementation of the intervention and this difference was Significant in intervention group (p≤0/001).
Results showed that regular exercise program can reduce visceral pain intensity after spinal cord injuries.

Nursing students as nursing personnel in the future, play an important role in the spiritual and physical of persens. Attention to public health and spiritual health, especially in nursing students that often dealing with poor clients, is essential. . This study aims to determine The corollation on general health and Spiritual health ofnursing studentsin Universityof Hamedan Medical Sciences.
In this descriptive – correlation study, 258 nursing students were selected with classified sampling. Data were collected by general health questionnaire and spiritual health questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using SPSS/16 software, descriptive and inferential statistics.
Finding: The average of age students was 21/57±3/17 and 89/1 percent female and 10.9 percent were male gender. The mean (SD) score of Public Health was 39/27 (3/10) and (SD) score of spiritual health was 97/10 (13/40). significant relationship between Structures spiritual health and general health were observed (p Spiritual health and public health is closely together and Is expected to promote spiritual well-being is improved public health nursing students. Attention to spiritual health in addition to physical, mental and social can improve the health of this important group

Background. One of the main goals of medicine has been to reduce labor pain and requests from patients for pain relief is sufficient reason to use pain relief methods. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of spinal and epidural Analgesia on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Methods. This study was a quasi-experimental clinical trial that was conducted on 126 pregnant women. Pregnant women who had inclusion criteria and informed consent were enrolled in the study and were assigned to spinal and epidural groups. The control group were selected from among those meet inclusion criteria but were unwilling to do analgesia. Three groups were compared using statistical tests. PResults. The results showed that during the first and second stages of labor was shorter in the control group compared to spinal and epidural groups but this difference was not statistically significant. Compare the method of delivery, Apgar and episiotomy pain scores showed no statistically significant difference among the three groups. None of the participants did not develop complications such as headache and hyperthermia.
Conclusion. The findings of this study showed that none of the methods of analgesia had not the negative impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Due to contradictory results in different studies, further studies in the same condition and with matching groups in terms of confounding variables is necessary.

Vitality, as one of the components of well-being, decreases during pregnancy. This study investigate the effect of relaxation exercises on vitality of primigravida women in Hamadan, Iran.
The present quasi-experimental study was conducted on 100 primigravida women referring to a prenatal care center. Before the intervention, all the pregnant women completed the vitality and demographic characteristics questionnaires. The pregnant women of the intervention group participated in 8 sessions every two weeks with an emphasis on physical and relaxation exercises, while, the control group received the routine care of the prenatal clinic. By the end of the sessions, the questionnaires were recompleted by both intervention and control groups and compared inter and intra two groups.
The mean score of vitality of the women in the intervention group was 31/7±58/33 before intervention which has reached 55/4±32/38 after intervention, indicating a significant difference (p The present study documented the importance of the relaxation exercises as a simple and available health intervention, which could lead to the increased vitality in pregnant women.

Nurses as the major group of health service providers need to have the satisfactory mental health in order to give desirably care for the patients. Therefore this study was done aimed to predict of psychological strain based on perceived work difficulty, occupational hardiness and spirituality among nurses working in hospitals of Malayer.
The research was descriptive and from correlation type. The statistical population included all nurses working in hospitals of Malayer in 2016 year that 115 people were selected using convenience sampling method. Psychological Strain Questionnaire (PSQ), Work Difficultly Scale, Occupational Hardiness Questionnaire (OHQ) and Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) were used for gathering data. Pearson correlation, multivariate stepwise regression and software SPSS-22 were used for analyzing the data.
The results showed that there was a significant correlation between perceived work difficulty, component of challenge from occupational hardiness and spirituality with psychological strain (p According to findings of this study, can suggested training and intervention on improving perceived work difficulty, component of commitment from occupational hardiness and spirituality of nurses as an effective way on decreasing their psychological strain.

Birth of child with disability can put a lot of pressure on others, especially parents and eliminate all of the those dreams and fantasies about having a healthy child and cause problems in family relations and the development of destructive and negative emotions toward their child’s.
The aim of this study was study the relationship between stress and communication patterns of mothers of educable mentally retarded children in schools for exceptional children of Hamadan City in 2015-16 curriculum year were done.
In this descriptive- correlational study, all mothers of educable mentally retarded children in Hamadan City schools for exceptional children in the 2015-16 curriculum year that consisted of 53 females and 92 males were selected. Data collected by questionnaires: demographic questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) and Assessment Scale of mother-child relationship (MCRE) and analyzed by SPSS20.
The results of multiple correlation coefficient showed that stress has negative significance relationship with admission communication patterns (P=0/001), permissive (P=0/001) and rejection (P=0/001), but stress has no significance relationship with supportive patterns of communication.
Based on the results obtained we can conclude having a disabled child creates to the extent stress for mothers that affected their patterns of communication by it, so it is suggested to maintain health and enhance quality of life of this mothers had implement some programs.