Caspian Journal of Pediatrics
Volume:3 Issue: 1, Mar 2017

Accurate and complete documentation of nursing records is one of the preconditions of the evidence-based cares and is considered as one of the most important professional tasks in nursing. The aim of the present study was to audit the nursing reports in intubated neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit of Ayatollah Rouhani hospital, Babol.
In this cross-sectional study, 100 nursing reports were randomly selected from the neonatal intensive care unit. Data were collected by a researcher using a checklist which was developed in accordance with the standard and indicators of nursing documentation in national and international reliable sources and then compared after determining the content validity and reliability (observer's agreement coefficient). Data were analyzed using SPSS20, and statistical methods of Man-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis were used at a significant level of p The quality of 93%, 1% and 6% of nursing records was good, moderate and poor, respectively. Overall, the quality of nursing records was desirable in terms of content and structure and there was no significant difference in nursing documentation record in dimensions of structure and content according to overtime (P=0.92 and P=0.11), work experience (P=0.61 and P=0.16) and age group (P=0.09 and P=0.76).
The quality of nursing records in neonatal intensive care unit of Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital of Babol has been improved according to the Accreditation of Health Care Centers. In addition, the increase of nurse's knowledge about legal and professional issues has also been effective on improving the quality of the documentation.

Acoustic noise is one of the universal pollutants of modern society. Although the high level of noise adverse effects on human hearing has been known for many years, non-auditory effects of noise such as effects on cognition, learning, memory and reading, especially on children, have been less considered. Factors which have negative impact on these features can also have a negative effect on learning and education development. In the present study, the effects of traffic noise were studied as pollutant on memory and auditory verbal learning of elementary school children.
The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 166 normal children aged 9-11 years. Eighty children were selected from noisy areas (Leq> 50 dBA) and compared with 86 children from low noise areas (Leq Findings: A significant difference was observed between two groups in all steps of the Rey test (p=0.00). There was a significant difference between two genders in various steps of Rey test (p=0.00). The average score of recognition was higher in the low noise group than the noisy one (p=0.00).
Discussion and Traffic noise had an adverse effect on the auditory verbal learning and memory of the studied students. Its effect is more on boys than girls. Since learning is very important in the development of students’ education and social skills, therefore, it is necessary to reduce the noise exposure of students in schools.

Asthma is a highly prevalent chronic respiratory disease in children. Moreover, the underlying causes of asthma exacerbation are important because they are effective in controlling and preventing asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the helicobacter pylori infection in controlled and uncontrolled asthmatic children compared to healthy children.
This case- control study was done on 120 children aged 6-14 years with moderate to severe asthma. Diagnosis of asthma was performed according to GINA criteria with respect to the history and clinical examination. In addition, 120 healthy children without asthma were considered as the control group. Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test was evaluated for all patients. In addition to the above information, age, sex, duration of asthma and gastrointestinal symptoms were also recorded for each patient. Data were analyzed using SPSS15, Chi-square and Fisher's exact test and T-test.
The mean age of children in the asthmatic and healthy children was 8.3±2 and 8.5±2.3, respectively (p=0.479). Totally, 57.5% and 58.3% of children were boys in the control group, and in asthmatic group, respectively. Thirty percent of children in the control group and 8.3% of children with asthma were H. pylori positive (p=0.000). Mean duration of asthma in children with H. pylori positive (3.3±1.55) and H. pylori negative (3.33±1.56) stool antigen showed no significant difference (p=0.944).
The results of this study indicated that there was an inverse relation between helicobacter pylori infection and asthma.

Extracardiac malformations can be seen in 20-45% of infants with congenital heart disease (CHD). Chromosomal abnormalities exist in 5-10% of patients with CHD. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of overt extra cardiac malformations in children with CHD.
This descriptive epidemiologic study was conducted on 720 patients with CHD referred to the pediatric cardiac clinic of the most important south west referral center of Iran in 2014. Data were collected by studying patient's files during this time.
Totally, 401(55.7%) and 319 (44.3%) of patients were male and female, respectively. Extracardiac malformations were diagnosed in 53 cases (7.36%) and multiple extracardiac malformations involving more than one anomaly were present in 10 cases (1.38%). The most frequent extracardiac malformations in the current study included skeletal and visceral abnormalities and then genitourinary was seen. Of all patients, 33 (4.58%) cases were affected by syndromic features of which Down syndrome was the most common.
Investigation for extra cardiac abnormalities in patients with CHD is very important, since proper diagnosis and early treatment of these abnormalities can improve the patient's outcomes. On the other hand all the patients with overt and syndromic abnormalities require investigation for a possible CHD.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as an autoimmune disorder is associated with other autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroid (AIT) disease. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of AIT in children who were referred to Amirkola Endocrine Clinic (north of Iran).
This cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 diabetic children aged 1-15 years during 2008-2013, who were referred to the pediatric endocrine clinic. Serum levels of anti-thyroid peroxidase (Anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg) antibodies and Thyrotropin Stimulating Hormone (TSH) were measured by Immune Chemiluminescence assay, and demographic information was obtained from patientsmedical records. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18.
AIT was found in 13% of patients (8% female and 5% male). Significant levels were found for Anti-TPO (3%), anti-Tg (2%), and both antibodies (8%) in patients with AIT. Thyroid dysfunction was observed in 8 of 13 patients with AIT versus 2 of 87 patients without AIT (P Because the majority of diabetic children with significant titers of antibodies developed thyroid disease, so thyroid function tests are necessary to reduce the risk of undiagnosed hypothyroidism in these patients.

Biliary atresia (BA) is the most common cause of neonatal jaundice, for which surgery is indicated. It may lead to portal hypertension and esophageal varices. Sometimes, BA is related to other congenital anomalies and malformation, while a coexistence of BA with facial hemangioma has not been reported, yet. Infantile hemangioma is a childhood benign vascular tumor. Beta blocker has an effect on hemangioma and esophageal varices.
Case Report: A 30-day-old girl with an infantile hemangioma was referred to Amirkola Children's Hospital. According to intraoperative cholangiography and liver biopsy information, BA was diagnosed. Also, she had a large infantile cutaneous hemangioma on her face. Portal hypertension and esophageal varices were diagnosed in her under observation. So, propranolol was prescribed for her. A year after that, her facial hemangioma was gradually getting better.
association of BA with infantile cutaneous hemangioma is rare and cutaneous hemangioma can be treated by propranolol.

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder toward the kidney, is congenital and often familial. VUR is common in childhood, but its precise prevalence is uncertain. It is about 10–20% in children with antenatal hydronephrosis, 30% in siblings of patient with VUR and 30–40% in children with a proved urinary tract infection (UTI). Ultrasonography is a useful initial revision but diagnosis of VUR requires a voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) or radionuclide cystogram (DRNC) and echo-enhanced voiding urosonography (VUS). Although for most, VUR will resolve spontaneously, the management of children with VUR remains controversial. We summarized the literature and paid attention to the studies whose quality is not adequate in the field of VUR management of children.