Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity
Volume:8 Issue: 3, Autumn 2016

Despite the prevalence of obesity related liver disease in many countries, there is still no definitive pathway for prevention and treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of combining resistance training and curcumin supplementation on liver enzyme in inactive obese and overweight Females.
The study was done in a quasi-experimental trial. In this regard, thirty-one inactive young females (BMI: 28-32 age: 20-35 years) were divided into one of four homogenized groups: curcumin (CUR; n=9); that consumed 80 mg Nano-micelles curcumin/day for 8 weeks and curcumin plus resistance training (50%-80% of 1RM) (RTCUR; n=9) placebo (PL; n=7), resistance training plus placebo (RTPL; n=7). The resistance training was performed three sessions per week for a total of eight weeks.
The results showed that AST (P-value:0.004) and ALT (P-value:0.005) concentration significantly decreased in RTCUR group. However, findings revealed no significant difference in ALP (P-value:0.2), GGT (P-value: 0/3) levels in RTCUR group following eight weeks of exercise training.
Findings suggested that ALT and AST, waist-hip ratio, and Body Fat% are improved by simultaneous use of resistance training and curcumin supplementation.

Physical exercise reduces myocardial apoptosis but its molecular process is unclear yet. The activated Caspase-9 has a key role in advancing the process of apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic interval training intensity on the process of apoptosis in the 10-week male obese wistar rats with myocardial infarction.
In this clinical trial,18 rats after myocardial infarction induction were divided into three experimental groups of high intensity (Interval running for 60 minutes on a treadmill, each cycle consisting of 4 minutes running with 55-60% of VO2max and 2 minutes’ active recovery with an intensity of 45-50% VO2max, four days a week for 6 weeks) and low intensity (Interval running for 60 minutes on a treadmill, each cycle consisting of 4 minutes running with 85-90% of VO2max and 2 minutes’ active recovery with an intensity of 50-60% VO2max, four days a week for 6 weeks) and a control group (no training). The concentration of cardiomyocytes caspase-9, as the main indicator of apoptosis was measured by qRT-PCR.
The concentration of caspase-9 was higher in the control group than the high intensity training group (P=0.012) and the low intensity training group (P=0.002). The high intensity training group had higher Caspase index values than the low intensity training group (P≥0.001).
The findings of this study indicated aerobic interval training resulted in the expression of caspase-9 gene and thus reducing the occurrence of cardiomyocytes apoptosis after myocardial infarction.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of endurance training accompany with taking genistein on Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in diabetic rats.
Sixty-four rats were divided into eight groups (1; healthy &sacrificed at the first week, 2; healthy &sacrificed at the last week, 3; diabetic &sacrificed at the first week, 4; diabetic &sacrificed at the last week, 5; endurance training, 6; taking genistein, 7; endurance training with taking genistein, and 8; placebo). The training groups were participated in three week sessionsof running on animal treadmill with span of 60 min and intensity range from 17 to 28 (m/s), during eight weeks. In addition, the genistein groups took daily amounts of 30 (mg/kg), through Intraperitoneal injection. In order to analyze data, one-way ANOVA and Toki post-hoc test were implemented (P≤0.05).
The results showed that induction of diabetes would lead to increases in ICAM-1, VACAm-1, and CRP levels, among the rats. Though, all the three of endurance training, taking genistein and endurance training with taking genistein would cause significant reductions in the increased levels of ICAM-1 and CRP (P0.05). Moreover, there was no significant difference between the effects of the three endurance training, taking genistein, and endurance training with taking genistein (P>0.05).
Eight weeks endurance training and also taking genistein do own improving influences on Inflammatory and cardiovascular risk factors among diabetic rats. Though, their combination does not have any synergistic effect.

The purpose of the present study was investigation of eight weeks high intensity interval (HIIT) along with curcumin supplementation on liver Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) Activity & Malondialdehyde (MDA) Concentration among diabetic male rats.
Thirty-two male mice were divided to four groups of control-diabetic, exercise-diabetic, supplementary-diabetic, and exercise-supplementary-diabetic. Eight weeks’ aerobic training schedule was five weekly sessions for the two exercise groups, which each session executed on animal treadmill with speed of 24 (m/min), steep of 0°, and entire span of 18 min. The two supplementary groups were being fed daily amount of 50 (mg/kg) curcumin supplementary, by using the gavage technique. The rats were killed and liver tissues were separated, after the eight weeks’ schedule. Thereafter, in order to study variations of GPX and MDA enzymes, Kits of Zelbio Co. were implemented.
Activity levels of GPX enzyme and MDA concentration of the three groups of exercise-diabetic, supplementary-diabetic, and exercise-supplementary-diabetic in order increased and decreased than those of the control-diabetic one, significantly (P≤0.05).
both exercise and curcumin can be recommended as effective interventions on improvement of Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) Activity & Malondialdehyde (MDA) Concentration of the liver, in diabetic condition.

Exercise and herbs can possess synergistic effects to control diabetes side-effects. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and curcumin supplement on activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase of heart tissue in diabetic rats.
Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided in to four groups of curcumin, training-placebo, training-curcumin and control. The subjects were trained to do HIIT on treadmill and in the fashion of increasing manner. Diabetes was induced via injection of 50 (ml/Kg rat weight) STZ. Fifty (ml/kg rat weight) curcumin was nourished to the animals of the curcumin groups, by using the gavage technique during eight weeks (five days a week). The rats were anesthetized via intraperitoneal injection of ketamine, 24 hrs after the intervention. Then heart tissues were separated from bodies of the rats to examine changes in SOD and catalase enzymes.
Activity levels of SOD and CAT enzymes of the three groups of curcumin, training-placebo, and training-curcumin increased significantly more than control group. But no significant difference was observed between those first three groups (P≤0.05).
The results of the present study indicated that either HIIT or taking curcumin supplement could solely contribute significant enhancement to activity levels of antioxidant enzymes within heart tissues of diabetic mice. Though, those two interventions would not strengthen the influences of each other.

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and continues aerobic training (CT) have cardio-protective effects in diabetic rats. The functional role of microRNA in heart was studied. Only miR-29a levels were found to correlate with cardiac fibrosis, This study tests the hypothesis that applying HIIT and CT cases miR-29a increasing is associated with a reduction of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) induced cardiac fibrosis.
In this randomized controlled trial, 18 male diabetic rats were included. They were divided into 3 groups called as HIIT, CT and control. Exercise protocol was performed 5 days/week for 5 weeks. The miR-29a and CTGF synthesis were compared between the groups by real time- PCR.
Our results demonstrated that elevation of miR-29a using HIIT (2.67 , P=0.010,) or CT (1.79 , P=0.002) are effective in inhibiting CTGF (HIIT:0.17 P=0.000-CT:0.39 -induced cardiac fibrosis, suggesting that these types training would be selected as a new adjunctive therapy in the heart fibrosis- derived diabetic.
The HIIT and CT showed increased levels of miR-29a compared CT group which is shown to decrease CTGF level resulting into lowered fibrosis of heart tissue in diabetic patients.

The aim of this study was to compare the experiential avoidance, explicit and implicit attraction beliefs in obese and normal body mass index (BMI) females.
This was an analytic cross sectional study. About 400 females (between 20-43 years old) were selected from nutrition and obesity clinics by convenience sampling method. The 40 items avoidance questionnaire (young rai 1994) and 20 items explicit and implicit attraction beliefs questionnaire (mash and labarzh, 1996) were applied. Data analysis was carried out by Statistical package for social sciences version 21 (SPSS-21). Descriptive statistics included indices such as mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics included variance analysis.
A significant difference was found between the experiential avoidance, explicit and implicit attraction beliefs in obese and normal females (P The present findings supported a model of mediating role of experiential avoidance in obesity. Also there was a significant difference in attractiveness beliefs between obese and normal women.