نشریه پژوهش سلامت
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 7، بهار 1396)

According to previous studies, the prevalence of oral lesions in patients with psoriasis is on the rise. But precise knowledge of the prevalence among Iranian patients is not available. The aim of this study was to evaluate of oral lesions between psoriatic patients and comparing by past results.
Present descriptive-analytic study is done on psoriatic patient and also rheumatoid arthritis as control. After collecting demographic data; all subjects were evaluated about oral and joint and nail complications. Finally data were analyzed via one way Anova, chi-2 and logistic regression methods.
100 cases of psoriasis and 165 of rheumatoid arthritis were assessed. Significant correlation between smoking and incidence of fissured tongue was seen in patients with psoriasis. Among the people with psoriasis 53% have fissured tongue; 5% have geographic tongue and among subjects with rheumatoid arthritis, 49.7% have fissured tongue and 9.7% have geographic tongue.
It seems that the evaluation of patients with autoimmune disease such as Psoriasis and Rheumatoid arthritis is essential.

In recent years, there has been great interest in positive psychology. The aim of the present study was to investigate and relations between the affective styles, personality traits based on behavioral activation, inhibition system and Emotion regulation with Psychological well-being among students.
340 students were selected by a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Then the affective styles questionnaire, brain-behavioral systems and Emotion regulation were distributed among participants. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and correlation indicators, simultaneous regression analysis and Paired t-test.
Results indicated that there is a significant positive correlation between affective styles with psychological well-being (P It seems that psychological well-being is related with biological dimensions of personality and affective styles. Furthermore Gender has important role in psychological well-being.

One of the main challenges in the field of health economics is detecting the factors affecting on health costs. One of the these factors is air pollution, which has been ignored in most of empirical studies; while air pollution is one of the environmental problems which in recent years has become a serious threat to human health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of air pollution on health sector costs in Iran.
This study using time series data from 1979-2013 is paid to study dynamic long-term and short-term relationship between per capita health sector costs, air pollution indicators (Carbon monoxide emissions and particulate matter PM10), per capita income, per capita physician, Ageing and urbanization. For this purpose is used the bounds co-integration test and Auto-Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) model. Also, the statistical analyzes were performed using the Eviews and Microfiche software.
results of bounds test indicate the long-term equilibrium relationship between variables. Based on the results of the ARDL model, Emissions of carbon monoxide and particulate matter PM10, increases the per capita health sector costs in the short-term and long-term. Also, increasing urbanization increases per capita health sector costs indirectly through increased air pollution in the short-term and long-term.
The results indicate that the expansion of air pollution, increases the health sector costs. Therefore, policies and strategies that will lead to a reduction in air pollution in the country is essential.

Symmetry system of work environment (5S) included of Sort, Straighten, Sweep, Standardization, and Self-discipline is the first step of collaborative activities with health, comfort and efficiency for employees of an institution. In this regard, the effects of applying 5S technique on a health center's staff's efficiency was investigated.
This quasi-experimental study was performed on a total of 40 subjects of health center staff of Kangavar city in 2016. The Employees productivity was measured by applying of 5s during 9 months and assessed using standard 5s checklists and productivity questionnaires (Achieve) in pre-and post-tests. The data were analyzed using statistical analysis methods tests (Paired-t and Wilcoxon) and SPSS 22 software
Applying of 5s model improved Health Center staff's productivity and the efficiency of employees were demonstrated significant difference in all units) P 5s is an effective and basic model in increasing productivity of Health Center’s employees. So, using this model is recommended for all Health Center units for increasing their efficiency.

One of the factors affecting the quality of life after pregnancy is mode of delivery. Many studies should be done about the relationship between mode of delivery and related physical and psychological problems and also satisfaction after delivery. So the present study was conducted to evaluate the quality of life of mothers with cesarean and vaginal delivery.
This descriptive study was conducted on 330 pregnant women who were admitted to an educational hospital for vaginal delivery or cesarean in 2015. Selection of subjects was done via simple random sampling. Data collection tools were demographic questionnaire and also short form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software thru descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.
The mean value of quality of life scores of women were 57.81 and 57.40 for vaginal and Cesarean delivery groups respectively, there was no significant difference between these two groups (p= 0.353). The mean value of quality of life of all women was 57.61. Social dimension has highest value among other dimensions in all women. There was no significant correlation between the scores of quality of life dimensions and total quality of life score with the mode of delivery. In the normal labor group, significant difference were observed about between the age group of 20-30 years with 20> years and Although there was no significant relationship between quality of life and mode of delivery, but because of the higher complications and higher costs of delivery, the rates of caesarean can be reduced by giving more advice and raising awareness of pregnant mothers.

The stress response caused by surgery makes sending messages from the site of injury or surgery to the central nervous system and the hypothalamus and pituitary and in turn to the liver and adrenal medulla. In response; release of adrenocorticotropic hormone, growth hormone, vasopressin and the subsequent release of cortisol and insulin release inhibition occurs which leading to increased glucose (hyperglycemic response), intensified lipolysis, the breakdown of proteins and gluconeogenesis in the liver and insulin resistance in the cells will appear. It seems that the use of spinal anesthesia with local anesthetics as a method of inhibiting impulse afferent and efferent waves of central nervous system have an important role in the inhibition of this reaction. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of general anesthesia along with spinal in diabetic patients during coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG).
This study was a single-blind randomized clinical trial in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass in 2015-2016. Patients were divided randomly into two groups. The control group (under anesthesia GA) and test group (under anesthesia combination of GA and SA). Blood sugar levels and insulin levels were assessed before, during and after surgery. Also the Norepinephrine, Inderal, Thrinitroglycerine and Atropine drugs required in the two groups were compared. Finally data were analyzed via independent T sample test and one way Anova.
Blood sugar levels were significantly higher in the intervention group than the control in all three periods before (229.75>152.17), during (178.41>131.20) and after (185.08>143.29) surgery. Also average of Insulin required intervention group (113.58) was more than control group (70.58). An increasing proportion of insulin needed during surgery in the treatment group was lower than control. There were no significant difference in amount of atropine (control: 0.50 intervention: 0.145) and Inderal (control: 0.291 intervention: 0.333) required for groups while differences in Norepinephrine (control: 6. 91 intervention: 0.00) and Thrinitroglycerine (control: 2.00 intervention: 7.08) used in the two groups was significant (P Spinal anesthesia along with general can control blood sugar in diabetics and reduce the need for insulin, as well as blood pressure and heart rate in improving the quality of anesthesia, improve the outcome of surgery, pain and quality of life of diabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.

Exercise has an important impact of health and is an inseparable way to managing diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study is to examine impact of the period of high-Intensity interval training and at the same time strength-endurance training on the levels of some adipokines associated with insulin resistance in diabetic women.
Materials and Methods Fifty-two overweight female type 2 diabetic patients (45-60 years old with fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l)) were assessed and based on glycosylated, Hb were assigned into the intense interval training group (N=17), concurrent resistance- endurance training group (N=17) and control group (N=18). Strong-endurance group subjects did three sessions of endurance training with 60% maximum heart rate (MHR) and two sessions per week of resistance training with 70% repeat maximum (1-RM). Intensity interval training group did three sessions of 4 to 10 repetitions of a 30-minute Wingate test on the ergometer with maximum effort for eight weeks. The control group did not have any regular sports activities. At the end of experiment, 42 subjects completed the study and 10 subjects were excluded. Fasting blood glucose and insulin levels were measured 24 hours before and 48 hours after the last exercise session. Data were analyzed by t-test and covariance analysis.
The results showed that, levels of apelin in HIT and combine training group have no significant changes (p = 0.13 and p = 0.09, respectively), but visfatin in HIT Group (p=0/003) and combine training group (p=0/001) has significant changes. Also changes in IL-6 in intense interval training (p=0/09) or combined training groups (p=0/07) was not significant. Likewise TNF-α has no changes in extreme speed (p=0.11) and combined (p=0.23). But we observed significant differences in the levels of MCP-1 in high-intensity exercises in group training and concurrent training groups (p=0/001, p=0/045, respectively).
HIT accompany with strength-endurance training can have positive effects on the levels of glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, MCP-1 and visfatin in women with diabetes mellitus.

Technology Roadmapping is a flexible skill which is widely used in various industries to support long-term and strategic planning. This approach is a structured tool for showing the relationship between emerging and growing markets. Technology Roadmapping can help various industries by focusing on environmental analysis and tracking technologies, to predict the future of an industry and its potential markets, and to provide technologies tailored to the needs of future customers. Given that in recent decades, health has become known as a market, and health related technologies are growing, thus, considering this process and familiarity with the prerequisites, principles and its procedures is an essential requirement for this sector. Because in our country has not done any research in this field up to now, the aim of this introductive review was to familiarize the readers (key health decision maker and industry activists) with the principles and concepts of technology roadmapping to enable them to take advantage of its benefits.