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Archives of Medical Laboratory Sciences - Volume:1 Issue: 3, Fall 2015

Archives of Medical Laboratory Sciences
Volume:1 Issue: 3, Fall 2015

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/08/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Leila Khalafi, Hosein Foudazi, Seied Rabi-Mahdavi Page 0
    best treatment option, although, there is no common consent on optimal therapy for advanced prostate cancer.
    Case Presentation
    The present study reports a case of 75 year-old man who had a huge heterogeneous soft tissue mass lesion with non-homogeneous enhancement consisted low attenuated foci occupying pelvis cavity and lower abdomen with loss of mesenteric fat and invasion to posterior bladder wall due to T4N1Mx prostate cancer. The patient was treated with adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) plus local hyperthermia (HT).
    Conclusion
    This report shows the potential capability of HT application during RT. Radiotherapy with hyperthermia combination revealed a dramatic response in this case and after treatment it left the patient asymptomatic.
    Keywords: radiotherapy, hyperthermia, prostate cancer
  • Shohreh Fakhari, Kamaal Abdulmohammadi, Yaser Panahi, Mehri Ghorashi, Mohammad Ali Rezaie, Ali Jalili Page 93
    Background
    Accumulating evidence indicates that inflammatory cells migrate into the pancreas tissue and play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP). The aim of this study was to establish a flow cytometric method to enumerate these infiltrating cells in the pancreas of an experimental AP.
    Materials And Methods
    Twelve hours after inducing of AP, mice pancreatic tissues were cut into small fragments and single cells were prepared by mechanical dissociation. The isolated cells were stained with either anti-mouse CD45-PerCP or isotype antibody and analyzed by flow cytometry. Using side scatter (SSC)/CD45 gating we were able to identify inflammatory cells from non-inflammatory cells.
    Results
    The mean percentage of leukocytes was 5.9±1.6 in the control group whereas, it was 26.7±8.1 in the AP. Moreover, we found that the percentage of lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes were 1.1±0.2, 0.9±.04 and 2.9±1.8 of total pancreatic cells, respectively, in the control mice. In contrast to lymphocytes, the percentage of monocytes and granulocytes were significantly increased in the AP group and it was 3±1.3 and 18.2±3.2 for monocytes and granulocytes, respectively.
    Conclusion
    Quantitative flow cytometric analysis is feasible and provides a reliable and rapid assay to determine the number and percentage of inflammatory cells in experimental AP.
    Keywords: Acute pancreatitis, flow cytometry, inflammatory cells
  • Mohammad Reza Rezvanfar, Heidar Farahani, Mohammad Rafiei, Elaheh Salehi, Elham Ebrahimi, Rezvan Kazemi-Majd Page 97
    Background
    The aim of the study was to evaluate the third trimester urinary iodine excretion and to assess its relation with newborns thyroid function.
    Materials And Methods
    A total of 208 healthy third trimester pregnant women without previous history of thyroid disease were included in the study. Urinary iodine levels of mothers were measured and neonatal TSH levels were screened on the 3- 5th day following birth.
    Results
    The median urinary iodine level in the mothers was 50μg/L. According to WHO criteria for iodine status:14.9%, 34.1% and 49.6% had severe, moderate and mild iodine deficiency, respectively, and only 1.4%, had the adequate iodine intake . In 6 neonate (2.8%) who their TSH level were between 5- 10 IU/ml, nobody had criteria for congenital hypothyroidism at recall visit (15th day). Our results showed the reverse relation between mean Neonatal TSH levels and mother’s third trimester iodine level (r= -0.19, p=0.006).
    Conclusion
    Although all of mothers included in this study stated that they were using iodized salt, iodine deficiency was frequent . There was also a significant relation between mean neonatal TSH levels and mother’s third trimester iodine urinary level.
    Keywords: Pregnancy, Iodine status, Newborn, Thyroid function
  • Majid Naderi, Samira Esmaeili-Reykande, Shaban Alizadeh, Akbar Dorgalaleh, Zahra Sadat Abtahi, Zahra Kashani-Khatib, Saied Kaviani Page 102
    Background
    Factor XIII Deficiency (FXIIID) is an inherited rare bleeding disorder with some life threatening clinical manifestation including Intracranial Haemorrhage (ICH). Among all polymorphisms found in FXIIID, Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI) Thr325Ile gene polymorphism increases probability ofICHabout 20 fold in patients with FXIII .So, in this study we aimed to evaluate TAFI Thr 325 Ile polymorphism in Chorionic villus samples (CVS) of fetuses with positive family history of FXIIID andICH.
    Materials And Methods
    This study was performed on chorionic villus of pregnant mothers ´ with positive history of FXIIID accompanied with ICH in first-degree relatives of their fetus. All parents of the fetuses were completed consent form for doing Prenatal diagnosis (PND). Chorionic villus DNA was extracted from each sample using the DNA extraction kit and PCR-RFLP was performed for TAFI Thr 325Ile polymorphism in Exon 4 of FXIII A gene.
    Results
    All of 8 fetuses had positive family history of FXIIID. Seven out of eight fetuses (87.5%) had a family member with CNS bleeding due to FXIIID. Four fetuses had history of death due to FXIIID. There were 5 case (62.5%) that were homozygote for TAFI Thr 325 Ile, one (12.5%) was heterozygote and two (25%) were non mutant.
    Conclusion
    Detection of TAFI Thr 325 Ile polymorphism by PND program in fetuses with positive family history of ICH is seems necessary and it will help to fill many gaps in preventing life threatening features of FXIIID in newborn at the time of delivery by prophilaxy receiving and precautionary measures.
    Keywords: Factor XIII deficiency, intracranial hemorrhage, TAFI Thr 325Ile
  • Maryam Keshavarz, Abbass Shafiee, Gholam Reza Tariqi, Maryam Izad, Ahmad Yousefi, Morteza Hosseinzadeh Page 107
    Background
    Cross-contamination between cells is a usual mistake at cell culture laboratories and cell banks worldwide. MRC5 diploid cell and Rk-13, Vero and Hela continuous cell lines are used in different stages of human viral vaccines propagation at Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute of Iran. However diploid and continuous cells are propagated at separated cell culture laboratory and continuous cells can contaminate MRC5 diploid cells. Therefore, a sensitive test is needed. World Health Organization recommends few molecular and cellular techniques to cell characterization.
    Materials And Methods
    The present study was therefore designed to set up an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test as follows: Polyclonal anti-MRC5 cell and anti-rabbit antibodies were prepared in rabbit and goat, respectability. Anti-rabbit IgG was purified using protein G affinity chromatography, conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and then further purified to remove unbound FITC using Sephadex G 25 chromatography. Using double immunodiffusion assay, purification of homemade anti-rabbit IgG was asssayed by observation of a single arch.
    Results
    The titer of homemade FITC conjugated goat anti rabbit IgG was measured 1/16 vs 1/8 of commercial type. Fluorescein/protein molar ratio of local made fluorescein goat anti-rabbit IgG was measured 3.44 and its protein concentration and FITC concentration were determined 1.198 mg/ml and 0.01 mg/ml, respectively.
    Conclusion
    Moreover, homemade IIF test showed 100% intra-laboratory reproducibility. Purity of three batches of MRC5 working seed cell was verified using in- house IIF test and no contamination to continuous cell lines was found .
    Keywords: MRC-5, cross-contamination, indirect immunofluorescence technique, Quality Control Test, human viral vaccine
  • Abdolfattah Sarrafnejad, Mahasti Ghavami Adel, Keyvan Majidi, Maryam Jalali, Sepideh Nehzati, Mostafa Gholamrezaei, Habib Zafarmehr, Afshin Namdar, Aliakbar Amirzargar Page 114
    Background

    Detecting Bence-Jones protein in urine is essential for determining plasma cell dyscrasia and multiple myeloma. Conventionally, acid-heat precipitation assay is used for detecting Bence-jones protein in most medical laboratories; however, because of the low accuracy of this test, other more sensitive tests like urine electrophoresis are recommended.

    Materials And Methods

    In this study, the presence of Bence-jones protein in the urine of patients suspected to monoclonal gammopathies were compared using acid-heat precipitation, capillary immunoelectrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Moreover, the subsets of light chain (κ & λ) in capillary immunoelectrophoresis were determined.

    Results

    Our data showed high false negative results (77.7%) using acid-heat precipitation assay in comparison with polyacrylamide gel and capillary immunoelectrophoresis (0%).

    Conclusion

    Collectively, in spite of advantages like easy performance and low cost, acid-heat precipitation assay is not reliable for determining Bence-jones proteinuria in medical laboratories due to its low sensitivity. Therefore, it is recommended to be replaced with more sensitive assays like electrophoresis.

    Keywords: Bence-Jones protein, Monoclonal gammopathies, Capillary immuno-electrophoresis, Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
  • Kaveh Tari, Reza Yarahmadi, Amir Tabatabaei, Leila Ahmadi, Amir Atashi, Mohammad Shahjahani, Saeid Abroun, Ali Jalili Page 118
    Acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) is due to early stage arrest of lymphoblast development. The translocation of Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome occurs as a result of the BCR-ABL fusion gene, which constitutively produced activated tyrosine kinase. This gene fusion is an important indicator for prognosis in ALL and is associated with poor overall survival and remission duration. BCR-ABL could interfere in establishment of ALL. Therefore, in this study, we will try to investigate most pathological aspects involved in BCR-ABL fusion. Strategies for genetic alterations in B-ALL pathogenesis are discussed. Then, the main cytogenetic changes and genetic subtypes for ALL are highlighted. Moreover, intermediate reactions between cancer stem cells (CSC) related to ALL, its niche and microenvironment is discussed. The main objective in this review is to understand the principle prognosis in ALL to introduce new approaches and treatment alternatives.
    Keywords: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome, tyrosine kinase