فصلنامه علوم روانشناختی
پیاپی 52 (زمستان 1393)

Impostering syndrome which is now interpreted as successful people disorder, is indeed a vicious cycle of negative emotions about something that the person has gained in his way to success. Imposters internalized the failure, they experience less gratification and satisfaction than non-imposters, these are the effective consequences of failure in people with low self-concept too. The present study was aimed at investigating the relationship of impostering with self-concept among M.A./M.SC. non-medicine male and female students of Tehran university in the four main branches of humanities, sciences, technical engineering, and art were selected through a stratified random method. In so doing, 400 students (218 boys and 182 girls) completed the imposter syndrome scale of Clancy (1978), and the 10-item self-concept scale of Pourhossein. The results of the study indicated that there was a significant relationship between a high level of impostering and a significant negative correlation with self-concept. but about t-test indicated no significant correlation between imposter and self-concept in different gender groups. Also results indicated that high level of imposter correlation with down level self-concept, and imposters had poorer self-concept and there is no difference between female and male students regarding the self-concept and imposter.

One of the goals of research in various psychological approaches is the recognition of factors having a role in individuals’ vulnerability. Investigating and identifying psychological and physical vulnerability factors presents a new direction in the prevention, diagnosis and adopted treatment methods. Individuals might have psychological and physical vulnerabilities that predispose them to mental and physical disorders. One of the social traumatic variables is social isolation. The purpose of the present study was to predict psychological and physical vulnerabilities according to social isolation. The moderating role of gender and marital status on the relationships between social isolation and psychological/ physical vulnerability was also investigated. A total of 419 individuals (206 men, 193 women) from the general population of Tehran answered to Symptom Checklist (SCL-25) and Social Loneliness Scale (SLS). The results showed positive correlations between social isolation with psychological and physical vulnerabilities (P

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of problem solving training in reducing behavioral problems and improving executive functions and problem solving skills in interpersonal relations of slow learner students in fourth and fifth grades. Sample comprised of 21 students (11 girls and 9 boys). Program was taught two sessions per week for three months. To evaluate the training program, we used Alternative Solution Skills and the Tower of London tests. Five problematic behaviors of these students were observed in the classrooms; complaining, arguing, bullying and intimidating, aggression, and not being able to take turn, in three steps of baseline, intervention and follow-up were observed in class. Results using T test procedure indicated that intervention program was significantly effective in increasing scores on “relevant solutions”, “relevant category” and “problem solving”. Also the results of a repeated measure statistical method for behavioral problems revealed significant differences among means in three steps: baseline, intervention, and follow-up for complaining, arguing, and not being able to take turn. Therefore, the training program has been effective in reducing such behaviors. On the other hand, the results did not show statistically significant differences in the means of bullying, intimidating, and aggression.

Usually, children’s emotional and behavioral difficulties are a reflection of parents’, especially mothers’ lack of marital satisfaction and their psychological conditions. The present study investigated the relationship between marital satisfaction and mental health in mothers of children with emotional and behavioral problems. For this purpose, from 412 first and sixth grade female students in a primary school of district two of education, in Tehran, 42 students with emotional and behavioral problems were identified by their mothers. Finally, 28 mothers of children with emotional and behavioral problems took part in the study as the available sample. The required data were collected through enrich marital satisfaction scale, general health questionnaire, and Rutter child behavior questionnaire. The data were analyzed by linear regression analysis. The findings revealed that in mothers of girls with emotional and behavioral problems there is a significant correlation between marital satisfaction and mental health (P>0.001). It is clear that when marital satisfaction and mental health is low in mothers of girls, the emotional and behavioral problems of their children increase.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between locus of control (internal, external), and "A" and "B" personality types with social acceptance among substance abuser of substance abuse treatment centers in Kermanshah. Method of present research is descriptive-correlational. The study population included all substance abuser male and female clients of all substance abuse treatment centers in Kermanshah. Using a list, 100 persons were selected by simple random sampling method, and the questionnaires were distributed among them. Participants responded to the questionnaires with full consent .The tools which are used in this study are Rotter’s locus of control questionnaire, Personality types "A" and "B" Rattus & Spencer questionnaire and Marlow & Crown scale of social acceptance. Results show a significant predictive model with F= 15.35(p

This study compares young women’s perception of femininity in three sample of iranians, canadians and iranian-canadian immigrants to understand femininity in two different cultures, and also the immigrants’ position in comparison to source and destination countries. 45 iranian, 21 canadian, and 19 immigrant students participated in focus group discussions of femininity and its norms. Data was coded using content analysis method and frequency of each theme was counted. Frequency of common themes in these three groups was compared by chi square, and then themes were compared 2 by 2 using independent t-test. Content analysis of data revealed nine themes in iranian’s, six in canadian’s, and nine in iranian-canadian immigrants’ perception of femininity. There were five common themes, including “success orientation” and “feminine personal traits” and several distinguishing themes like “chastity” and “personal safety”. Group-specific norms are congruent with more general cultural differences in Iran and Canada, and also special situation of immigrants’ life.

Distance education created new opportunity to employees’ education and those who can not be present for learning in schools and universities, has provided so, the main goal of this research feasibility of virtual courses in improving the productivity of human resources of Isfahan education organization for this purpose, impact, threats, opportunities, strengths and weakness of virtual education was reviewed. In this research feasibility of virtual education fell in to 5 categories and then research questioner was designed. This way administered to 141 of specialist in this field. Data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical indexes. Result showed that virtual course on improving the productivity of human recourses in education organization has had an impact (p≤ 0.01, p≤ 0.05). Also, the opportunities (the skills of the virtual hosts), threats (lack of good communication infrastructure like broad band and fiber optic network), strengths (encouraging and motivating the staff appreciation) and weakness (lack of attractive content and effective teaching in the virtual era) the highest average among variables were examined.

The different researchers always implied to the impressive role of problem solving on diverse domain of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of problem solving skills training on self regulated procceses (selection, optimization, & compensation) in distance education students. Statistical population of this research consisted allof distance education studentsof payamenour university (80Students). The sample was 30 studentsthat were selected randomly out of 80 people. These studentswere randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. participants were asked to complete the SOC questionaire. Experimental group participated in 5 sessions (1 session a week). Each session lasted for 90 minutes. Unisef problem solving skills training was employed on experimental group as independent variable. Covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between mean scores ofexperimental and control groups (p