فصلنامه علوم روانشناختی
پیاپی 49 (بهار 1393)

The purpose of the present study was to examine the moderating role of positive and negative affects on the relationship between attachment styles and marital problems. Participnts were 160 married individuals (36 men, 124 women). Participants completed the Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI), The Golombok-Rust Inventory of Marital State Questionnaire (GRIMS), and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The results showed a significant positive correlation between insecure attachment styles (avoidance and ambivalence) and negative affect with marital problems. Secure attachment style and positive affect showed a significant negative correlation with marital problems. Analysis of the data revealed that the relationship between insecure attachment styles and marital problems was moderated by positive affects. Increasing levels of positive affect was accompanied with weaker relationship between insecure attachment styles and marital problems. Negative affects showed no significant role in the relationship between attachment styles and marital problems. It can be concluded that attachment styles as well as positive and negative affects can predict marital problems.

In recent years, dimensional models have attracted much attention to itself as a substitute for the classification models in categorizing mental disorders. Current study investigated Tellegene dimensional model (two-factor model) on the population of Tehran city. The study population included all students of Tehran state universities from among whom 460 people were selected, using available sampling, and answered the questionnaire measures SCL-90, Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (FIDAS) Responded. In this study, to analyze the data obtained, the structural equation modeling approach (Lisrel) has been used. The results revealed that Tellegene model has an acceptable fit among the students of Tehran city ( GFI = 0/64, and CFI = 0/95). The results obtained in this study are consistent with the findings of Watson (2005), which have been approved on various populations including healthy volunteers, patients, children, teenagers, and adults. Results obtained in this model will be discussed in this study.

Identification, prioritization and classification the factors affecting sport participation of young people for have better society is essential and this is a problem for related people with youth people. The purpose of this study was to identify main dimension of sport participation of young people and prioritization each factors. This study is applied research and In terms of data collection is types of descriptive - survey research. We use three types of questionnaire that contains: first indexes questionnaire, appointment main dimension questionnaire and a dual comparison questionnaire. After distribute questionnaires in two groups of specialist that contains 15, 10 persons and 239 young people data was collected for analysis. Finding demonstrates 4 main factors that contains 22 variables which each have prioritized than another. The result of this research in useful guideline for officials, instructors, university teacher and young people to have a better understanding of affecting factors on sport participators of young people and the importance of each variable.

The goal of the present study was to assess the role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies and thought-action fusion in anorexia nervosa symptoms. To do so, 300 students from Tehran and Kharazmi Universities were selected using voluntary sampling method and assessed by Eating attitude test (EAT- 26), Thought Fusion Instrument (TFI) and Short form of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that the catastrophizing, refocus on planning, acceptance and positive reappraisal regulation strategies have been predicted dieting component of anorexia nervosa.The catastrophizing, other-blame and refocus on planning strategies have been predicted bulimia and food preoccupation component as well as acceptance, other-blame and refocus on planning strategies predicted oral control component. Also, thought-object fusion component predicted dieting component anorexia nervosa and thought-object fusion and thought-object fusion components bulimia and food preoccupation component predicted. Based on the findings of this study can be stated that the dysfunction in cognitive emotion regulation strategies and cognitive distortions can play a pivotal role in the symptoms of anorexia nervosa.

The issue of this investigation is that whether there is any relationship between the level of safe communication and marital expectation with the quality of life. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and to identify the role of marital expectations and safe communication in quality of life. 200 couple (100 women and 100 men), from Kerman were recruited to the study. Participants completed the questionnaires marital expectation Inventory (Bahrami Ehsan and et al. 1389), safe communication Inventory (Bahrami Ehsan, Rezazadeh and et al. 1389), and quality of life (SF-36; Varo sherbon, 1992). The results of regression analysis showed that safe communication and marital expectation dimensions especially emotional relationship and emotional fulfilment can predict the psychological safty, social function, physical ache and common safty from quality of life scale. In general the results showed that the level of marital expectation and safe relationship between couples can have effect on couples satisfaction of their life and higher quality of their physical and psychological safty.

Resiliency refers to one’s ability to adapt quickly to changes or hardship. Many studies have addressed the effect of contextual factors and personality traits on resiliency. This study aimed at developing a model of resiliency of high school students based on their perception of parents and their religious orientation. To this end, a sample of 568 high school students (276 male and 292 female) from Shiraz was drawn using stage cluster sampling. The respondents were administered Conner-Davidson Resilience Questionnaire of perception of parents, and religious orientation. The reliability and validity of the instrument were approved. The results suggested that the perception of parents’ control had negative direct and indirect effect, through the mediating effect motivation and extrinsic motivation toward religion, on resiliency. In addition, perception of autonomy support and perception of involvement exerted positive direct and indirect effects on resiliency. The indirect effect of autonomy support and perception of involvement were mediated by amotivation toward religion and intrinsic motivation toward religion. The results, further, indicated that intrinsic religious orientation and extrinsic religious orientation could predict resiliency. This study suggests a mediating effect of religious orientation on the relationship between family variables and resiliency.

Response inhibition and working memory as two components of executive function are main explanatory concepts in ADHD. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of Neurofeedback treatment to improve these functions in ADHD children. to do so, twenty-eight children (28 boys, 7-12 years old) that referred to the Atiyeh Psychiatric Center were non-randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=14) or the control group (n=14). Response inhibition was assessed using the IVA Test. visuo-spatial working memory was assessed using two tasks from the CANTAB: the Spatial Working Memory task and the spatial span task. NF treatment aiming at theta/beta ratio reduction consisted of 30 sessions (3 times per week). Pre and post assessments were given before and after treatment. Data analysis with ANCOVA and MANCOVA indicated that NF treatment effectively improved response control and working memory. In conclusion, these finding suggest that NF as one of the non-pharmacological treatments in the basis of neuroplasticity can be improved executive function in ADHD children.

The quality of life of children pays attention to social, emotional, cognitive and physical functions and Triple P-Positive Parenting Program with training of parents, reduces the behavioral and emotional problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Triple P, intending to improve Quality of Life of Preschool Children. Design of this research was a quasi experimental design including pre-test, post-test and control group. 30 children 3 to 6 years old participated in this research that were resident in one of kindergartens in Tehran city. The questionnaire consisted of TAPQOL (TNO-AZL Preschool children Quality of Life) of Fekkes M., etal, which completed by mothers of subjects before and after intervention. Triple P was carried out in 8 sessions that lasted 120 minutes, over a period of two months. The findings of ANCOVA showed that the means of quality of life in preschool children and physical, social and emotional subscales in experimental group has increased significantly in comparison with the control group. As well as the means of cognitive subscale has not changed in experimental group. According to our research finding, triple-p had significant effects for improving quality of life in preschool children.