فصلنامه روانشناسی
سال بیست و یکم شماره 3 (پیاپی 83، پاییز 1396)

Due to the effect of culture on the formation of time attitude, it is very important to examine the components of time attitude in Iran with its certain cultural-social conditions. Therefore, this investigation attempts to study time and time attitude conceptualization from the perspective of adolescents with a qualitative method, interview with focus group, and grounded theory approach. Participants in this study was 45 adolescents (23 boys and 22 girls) aging 15 to 17 years old with the average age of 16.20. Three focus groups were composed in male students school, and three focus groups were constituted in female students schools. Their responses regarding their perception of time were categorized in four categories of ‘hours’, ‘pressure and limitation’, ‘mental construct’, and ‘time as a metaphor’. The results of open and axial coding for past, present and future shows that this period of life in Iranian adolescents contains eight categories of positive future, negative future, hedonist present, negative present, futurist present, positive past, negative past, and past acceptance. Comparing with other findings, in general, time attitude is cultural based and cultural-social conditions affect time attitude adolescents’.

This research has been carried out to study the role of emotional and civic strengths in predicting task and contextual performance in workers. Within this scope, 157 employees were randomly selected from the Nurses in public hospitals of Isfahan as the research sample. The instruments used in this study were the Values in Action- Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS, Peterson & Seligman 2003), Task Performance Checklist (Byrne et al. 2005) and Contextual Performance Checklist (Conway, 1999).The analysis of r-Pearson’s correlation revealed positive relationship between the emotional and civic strengths with task and contextual performance (p

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two methods of spirituality therapy and metacognitive therapy on the psychological wellbeing. There for sixty students were recruited from Isfahan's female attending students schools and divided into three groups: Spirituality therapy, intervention metacognitive, and control groups. (each group 20 individual) the participants to the demographic and Psychological Well-being Questionnaire (Ryff, 1995) responded. The results showed that therapy interventions spirituality and meta-cognitive therapy increased psychological well-being in the experimental group compared with the control group, was effective. In the study of psychological well-being subscale, the two group experimental compared to the control group in the domains of self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, autonomy, personal growth and mastery of the environment in the posttest showed improvement. In the follow-up between the two groups and the control group on measures of self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, purpose in life, personal growth and mastery of the environment, there is a significant difference. The findings also showed that the domains of selfacceptance, self-determination, personal growth and mastery of the environment, in the post-intervention was more effective meta-cognitive therapy, spiritual therapy.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of resilience and control of anger in relationship between family communication patterns dimensions and tendency to violence in high school students. Therefore 287 high school students of Babolsar city were selected by random multi-stage cluster sampling method. To collect data, Family Communication Patterns, Resilience,Scale Control of Anger Questionnaire and Tendency to Violence Scale were used. In order to evaluate the proposed model of this study, path analyze method was used. Regarding the values obtained for the indexes, data were fitted with the proposed model of the research. The general effect showed that the conversation orientation variable has the most effectiveness on the changes of tendency to violence. Calculation of the affectivity degree of independent variables on dependent ones indicates that 12 percent of the changes in resilience variable, 40 percent of changes in control of anger, and 39 percent of changes in tendency to violence variable are explained by the proposed model. Investigating the mediating role of resilience and control of anger in the relationship of family communication pattern and tendency to violence found that resilience have a mediating role in the relationship of conversation dimension of family communication pattern and tendency to violence and control of anger have a mediating role in the relationships of both dimensions of family communication pattern and tendency

The Present study aimed at comparing resilience and ambiguity tolerance in individual and group athletes. The participants consisted of 200 male and female athletes of soccer, volleyball, taekwondo and swimming who were selected by multistage random sampling method. Subjects responded to Resilience Questionnaire of Connor Davidson (2003) and Ambiguity Tolerance Questionnaire of McDonald (1975). To analyze data, Multivariate Analysis of Variance test was used. The results showed a significant difference in resilience and ambiguity tolerance between individual and group athletes (p˂0.05). Also, there was a significant difference in resilience and ambiguity tolerance between these two groups with regard to gender (p˂0.05). According to the results of this study, resilience and ambiguity tolerance influenced success of individual and group athletes; therefore, it seems necessary to find ways to reduce and control ambiguity in sport performance of athletes.

The aim of this study was to investigate the pre dictive role of working memory capacity and execu tive functions (shifting, inhibition and updating) for Alzheimer›s predisposition. We selected 148 elderly people (75 male and 73 female) from Qazvin with available sampling procedure and they completed Mini Mental State Examination ( Alzheimer›s pre disposition), the Digit Span in backward format Task (workingmemory capacity), Stroop (inhibition), Set- Switching Task (shifting) and Keep Track Task (up dating). Data analysis was accomplished using analy sis showed working memory and executive function totally predicted considerable amount (61 percents) of Alzheimer›s predisposition. At the end data were discussed in light of theory and practice.

The aim of this research was to examine the potential effects of self-knowledge in the relationship between basic psychological needs and learning and emotional self-regulation. Through carrying out a correlational study, 230 students were selected via random classification sampling The tools included Basic Psychological Needs Scale, Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Performance questionnaire and data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. Findings revealed a significant positive correlation between basic psychological needs with self-regulation learning and cognitive emotion regulation strategies. As substantiated through path analysis, the relationship between basic psychological needs and cognitive emotion regulation strategies was moderated by self-knowledge.