نشریه پرستاری کودکان
سال چهارم شماره 1 (پاییز 1396)

Care of dying patients is stressful for everyone. When the patient is a child and her cause of death is cancer, the tension rises. Care of dying child is very difficult. Reflection on the events will help nurses identify useful strategies for coping with the disease and provide better service to their patients. The aim of this study was to explore pediatric oncology nurse’s experiences of caring in the end of life and critical moments of dying children with cancer.
This study is a case report with a qualitative approach. The data collected through documented clinical narrations by an expert nurse in pediatric oncology. 30 written clinical narratives were coded, classified and themes extracted using conventional qualitative content analysis. The texts were analyzed with an emphasis on finding themes about “motivation of caring of dying children, challenges of caring of dying patients, factors that affect oncology nurse outcomes, and factors to continue working in oncology unit”.
Four main themes were emerged from data analysis "Fulfilling the dreams of children", "surrender to God's will", "unbelievable life's final minutes", and "faith-based decisions". The data revealed that to create peace for dying, parents were advised to spend the last hours of child life with their child outside of hospital environment. The emotional attachment of the nurse to ill children and be witness of their deaths were described very painful experiences. Attending patient's funeral decreased mental burden for the oncology nurse and also had psychological healing for the patients’ families.
Although the care for children with cancer emotionally is painful and stressful, in case of providing spiritual situation for creating a peaceful death, satisfaction and calm conscience for nurses and parents will be occur.

This study analyzed the effectiveness of combination therapy of schema therapy and attachment-based therapy on children's parent-child relationships with early maladaptive schema and insecurely attached style mothers.
The study was a single-subject of ABA experimental designs with purposive method of sampling. To conduct the research, 9 mothers with children suffering from incompatible parent-child relationships were selected among the clients who referred to the center of psychological counseling services related to the rehabilitation welfare center. These mothers possessed maladaptive schemas and insecurely attached style and were selected in a random (step) order. The measurement was done through the use of Young Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire (YEMSQ), and the scale related to the close relationship and Pianta scale of the parent-child relationship. Each mother received combination therapy of schema therapy and attachment-based therapy for 20 sessions.
Findings: Cohen's effect size in the subscale of conflict was in the range of 2.79 to 0.40, in the sub scale of parent-child's close relationship was in the range of 2.79 to 1.84 and in the subscale of parent-child's attachment the effect size was 2.99 to 1.22.
Based on the results obtained from the effect sizes, combination interventions had an average to high effect. This means that combination interventions were effective, though the effect sizes changed in different subjects.

Receiving insufficient volume of milk in premature infants is a major concern for the mothers and the medical team. Nipple shield is a breastfeeding aid that increases the volume of milk intake in preterm infants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nipple shield on volume of breast milk intake in premature infants.
In this semi-experimental before and after study, 60 preterm infants who were admitted in NICU, using convenience sampling, were selected. At the beginning they were placed in control and then experimental group. In control group, they were breastfed by mothers and in experimental group they were breastfed with nipple shield by mothers. Mean of milk intake in two groups was measured and compared by test weighing method. An infant was weighed before and after a feed and the calculated difference in weigh was assumed to be equivalent to the volume intake of milk in milliliters.
Result showed that there was significant statistical difference between average of milk intake with and without using of nipple shield (4.5±2.48 vs. 3.14±1.86, 0.0001).
Using nipple shield can increase milk intake in breastfeeding premature infants. It seems to be necessary to use nipple shield in NICU in order to increase the volume of milk intake.

Premature infants experience physical problems, psychological and evolutionary natural compared to other neonates, In most cases, hospitalization is inevitable in the neonatal intensive care unit. That is, the mothers suffer a lot of stress and tension. This study was conducted to determine the coping strategies Baastrs mothers with premature infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
In this cross-sectional, 70 mothers with premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Bentohoda Hospital, Mashhad were participated. The data collection instrument was a demographic and Brife Cope
The highest Average scores in areas related to the problem focused coping strategies were means of support and active coping, for the emotion-focused coping were religious strategy, the use of psychological support and acceptance and for dysfunctional coping strategy were unthinkable temporary problem , self-blame and denial. None of the demographic characteristics were not significantly associated with maternal coping styles.
Most styles of coping in mothers of preterm infants has been positive. instrumental support and religion As important strategies for in coping with stress induced premature birth. Thus providing social and psychological strategies for emotional support mothers of premature infants hospitalized in the intensive care unit infants seem necessary.

A teenager is a unique creation that with his power of thinking and free will can reach his talents in self-actualization to the highest degree. With an impact on the life style and how to resolve conflict of values, religion answers two fundamental questions about the purpose of life and the meaning of activities. It should be noted that religion can cause ethics education and in this way to influence behavior as well. This study was conducted with the objective of determining the relationship between religious orientation and self-actualization in teenagers in Golestan Province.
In a descriptive, correlational study, was performed on 384 adolescents in Golestan Province by random sampling. Collecting samples was done by using Allport religious orientation questionnaire and ASAI self-actualization questionnaire.
Findings: The results showed the amount of religious orientation as 67.82(9) and self-actualization as 50.34(12.42). and statistical analysis showed no significant relationship P=0.12. also Spearman test showed no significant relationship between External religious orientation and self-actualization P=0.06 while there is a significant relationship observed between internal religious orientation and self-actualization P It can be concluded that despite psychologist's attention religion can provide reliable and stable conditions for student's mental health. Therefore, if such conditions are created where a student can internalize religion in an emotional context and structure and enhance it from a mere belief into religious faith, such faith can guarantee his mental health. results show that, there must be the necessity for the educational system to pay attention to the issue and hold various religious education programs so that the positive impact of religion on people's lives will be increased and the conditions for the student's growth and self-actualization will be increased, too.

Family is the key factor in rasing of children. Nursery children who do not have a chance to experience the mentioned atmosphere are deprived of the lovely setting of family. so the goal of this study is the comparison of Mental health indicators in orphans who are kept in special centers with those who are kept by their relatives in lorestan province.
this was a cross-sectional and comparative cross-sectional (Causal- comparative) design. The study population included all this leadless children and youth (6-18 years old) who are preserved in special centers with those who are raised by their relatives los. 54 children and adolescents between the ages of 6 to 18 years who are kept in centers sampling method selected and with 54 of the children and adolescents entrusted with relatives on the basis of age, gender and educational level were matched and to Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA), a questionnaire completed self-assessment and teacher report form.
Results showed that anxiety / depression, withdrawal/ depression and physical symptoms there are differences (p the results obtained provide appropriate conditions in childhood provision of basic needs for children, including foster secure attachment especially for children who are deprived of safe and stable families. for better growth and success and prevention of psychological problems in children orphanage is necessary.

Executive Function deficits is one the main criteria of ADHD disorder. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of executive function training on cognitive skills, ADHD symptoms, and math achievement of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
The randomized clinical trial study with the control and experiment groups was conducted. Using non-random purposive sampling method, data were collected from 38 of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in and divided randomly in control and experiment groups. The experiment group was instructed using CogniPlus software in 27 sessions. The data were gathered by Child Behavior Checklist, Key Math test, Tehran Stanford-Binet Intelligence test. The independent T test was used to examine differences of demographic characteristics in base line between experimental and control group. Also analysis of covariance and was utilized to examine the effectiveness on intervention.
the findings indicated that intervention program could increase visual-spatial ability skills but no significant differences were observed in terms of math achievement and symptoms of ADHD.
executive function training could lead to improvement in visual-spatial ability of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

self-esteem is one of the most effective factors in educational progress and has an important role in life processes. So, according to the importance of self-esteem in children's mental care and also the art's prominent role in supplying psychological needs; this research tends to study the influence of reading poems on preschooler's self-esteem.
this research was performed in 2016 by using the quasi-experimental method and random sampling on 50 preschoolers in Agh ghala. The experiment of reading poems was applied on the group during 8 sessions(twice a week, 60 minutes). The tool for this research was Cooper Smith's self-esteem questionnaire.
Findings: children's self-esteem in the test group was 35/7(2/2) and it was 33/7(2/3) in the control group. Independent t-test illustrated a huge difference between both groups( p=0/003) that shows the positive effects of reading poems on children's self-esteem. Also it shows a great difference in making comparison between educational self-esteem of both groups(p=0/04)

the result of this research illustrates the positive effects of reading poems on children's self-esteem.This method is nonmedical, easy and simple, so it can be used as a treatment for increasing children's mental health.