فصلنامه سلامت اجتماعی و اعتیاد
پیاپی 14 (تابستان 1396)

This study aims to identify influencing of families’ religious values and its role in preventing the tendency to use doping. This study was exploratory and qualitative research. Data was collected by the snowball sampling and through in-depth interview from15 experts. Subsequently, through three paradigmatic approaches, the main and secondary categories as well as the relationships between the categories were identified and led to the formation and extraction of the final model. According to obtained paradigmatic model, the underlying tendencies to use doping, the contextual conditions, the mediating conditions, and the preventive conditions were discussed. Furthermore, the strategies used by decomposing people to extract drugs and various compounds were extracted and ultimately understood as the outcome of the model and the illness and the patient's illness. In addition, the uses of doping and variety substances were conceptualized as an applied strategy which ultimately understood as the outcome of the model that is called sickness and illness lifestyle. The theoretical development of this study seems to facilitate the understanding of the application of the genuine Islamist system in human-resource training. Outlining the basic requirements and actions, will make easier to confront this challenge.

Nowadays, the world becomes a global village, as McLuhan said, by new information devices. Recent forms of communication have been developed in virtual environments, which apart from their benefits have their own challenges such as endangering the safety the society. Today, the use of information technology in various aspects of the individual and the social have positive and negative consequences for users; however, the misuse and improper usage of technology may lead to several social vulnerabilities. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationships between information technology and public health. A review method was employed as a research method. The advantages and disadvantages of using information technology and social network in public health are reviewed for this study. In addition, national and international studies of the relationship between information technology and public health were reviewed. The results from this review study revealed that addiction was a social problem with the usage of social networks and communication technologies. Therefore, it is necessary to provide programs with the content of education, awareness, and adoption of preventive actions.

This study aimed at determining the role of family emotional climate and life satisfaction in predicting a tendency to addiction. This was a correlational study. The population included all the high-school male students of Kerman city. A total of 200 students was selected by the random sampling method, and they completed the family emotional climate scale, life satisfaction inventory, and the tendency to addiction scale. The results showed that family emotional climate and life satisfaction were negatively correlated with the tendency to addiction. Similarly, regression analysis results showed that life satisfaction could predict 11% of variance in tendency to addiction. If adolescent have inappropriate family emotional climate and have low levels of life satisfaction, they are more likely to have a positive tendency to addiction. It is possible to prevent addiction in adolescents by improving the quality of their lives.

Socially vulnerable people such as drug abusers have limited life skills to deal with social issues and social challenges. These people are not able to make appropriate and effective decisions in different and difficult situations in life, or choose the appropriate reconciliation strategy, due to the lack of knowledge and skills, as well as the plurality of problems and difficulties in life. For this reason, social and life skills training can protect substance abusers from social vulnerabilities and help them by rehabilitation. This paper reviewed different life skills and their effective roles in preventing social vulnerabilities. In general, life skills training in different life stages can be a suitable way to prevent addiction. It is necessary that the life skills training for different age groups is more being paid attention by the authorities, and this is an important step in preventing addiction.

The tendency toward high-risk behaviors is one of the behavioral problems that threat adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the role of educational alienation, loneliness, and high-risk behaviors in adolescents. This was a correlational study. The study population included all high-school students (boys and girls) were studying in the academic year of 2016 in Pars Abad city. One hundred and twenty students were selected through the multistage cluster random sampling, and they completed the Questionnaires of high-risk behavior (Mohammadi-Zadeh et al 2008), the school alienation scale (Johnson, 2005), and loneliness (DiTommasso et al, 2004). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and hierarchical regression. Results showed that there were significant positive relationships between alienation, romantic loneliness, social loneliness, family loneliness, and high-risk behaviors. Regression analysis also showed that 45 % of variance in high-risk behavior explained by school alienation and 28 % of variance in high-risk behaviors explained by loneliness. The study showed that educational alienation and loneliness predicted the tendency toward high-risk behaviors in adolescents.

The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on marital satisfaction in substance abusers. The sample of this study consisted of 100 substance abusers from the Drug Treatment Methadone Therapy Center (Nikoosalamat) in the city of Ghorveh in 2013. This study is semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design. A total of 28 participants was selected by the convenience sampling method, and assigned randomly in the experimental and control groups. An experimental group received 13 sessions of behavioral-cognitive psychotherapy, but the control group received no intervention. To collect data, Enrich marital satisfaction scale was used and to analyze the data, covariance analysis was used. The results showed that the mean of marital satisfaction subscales (satisfaction with the spouse's character, level of communication, conflict resolution, satisfaction with leisure time, sex, feelings and interests of relatives and friends) in the post – tests in the experimental group were significantly greater than that the control group. It could be concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy can increase the level of marital satisfaction of individuals, both during and after leaving the drug.

Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and substance abuse is a well-known and highly complex phenomenon. The psychiatric problems and psychological symptoms can be related to consumption, unrelated to consumption, or a combination of both. For this reason, the identification and treatment of psychiatric disorders are important in improving the outcomes of treatment. In this study, guidelines for the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders are reviewed as well as the therapeutic considerations. The word of “comorbidity disorders” means a type of psychiatric disorder(s) that is accompanied with substance abuse disorders for a person. The psychiatric comorbid disorders with addiction can be “primary”, independent of addiction, or be “secondary” to contribute the addiction, and an “induced-by-drugs” disorder. During reception, patients may diagnose as comorbid disorders. It is possible that the symptoms appear during the treatment period. If the psychiatric comorbid disorders are not accurately diagnosed and treated, these disorders may influence the recovery progress of patients and could be an important determining factor in treating addiction.