فصلنامه آموزش و اخلاق در پرستاری
سال پنجم شماره 2 (تابستان 1395)

Moral attitudes are an introduction to ethical behavior. And ethical performance is among the requirements of nurses’ clinical practice. Nurses need to consider ethical dilemmas related to their responsibilities at the bedside and back up the rights of their clients at the time of decision-making and manage ethical dilemmas effectively in clinical practice. The aim of this study is to determine the attitude and practice of nursing students, teachers and administrators in Kerman University of Medical Sciences about the concept of professional ethics in nursing.
This descriptive study was conducted on 168 nursing instructors, students and administrators of the School of Nursing and Midwifery of Kerman Razi University and hospitals affiliated with Kerman University of Medical Sciences using Sampling Census during 2011. Ethics-in-Nursing questionnaire with validity r = 0.76 was used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and analytical statistics.
In this study, 70 (41.7 percent) students, 14 (3.8%) teachers and 84 (50%) clinical nurses took part. and standard deviation of Students was 65/67 ± 8/3 .There was a statistically significant and positive correlation between nurses’ attitude and their clinical practice (P Based on the results, ethical attitude and performance is relatively good in all three study groups, while, evidence is indicative of the inadequacy of ethical behavior in such clinical situations that require investigation, identification and provision of solutions to enhance tangible dimensions of moral performance.

Introduction and aims: Spirituality as the basis of human existence and its effect on healing and healing of people has been increasing attention in recent years. Duty of Care Nurses are responsible for the physical, psychological, social and spiritual patients .So we need to be aware and knowledgeable nurses to meet the spiritual needs of patients. This study aims to evaluate the attitudes of nurses and nursing students to engage in spiritual.
Methods and materials:This cross-sectional study 148 nurses in health centers selected by simple random sampling, and 73 nursing students selected by census method, were enrolled in the University of Medical Sciences. All student enrolled census method .Data were collected using a questionnaire measure of spirituality and spiritual care. The collected data were entered into the software spps19and Data were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U-test, chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis.
The average age of nurses was 31/52 and student nursing 21/43 .Averageattitude to spirituality and spiritual care nurses and nursing students, was 55/72 and 57/04.The majority of nursing students(3/81%) and nurses(1/86%), have the average and almost a good attitude towards their spirituality and pastoral care. There was a significant relationship between attitude spirituality and spiritual care (p = 0/016).
The findings of this study indicate that the population has a positive attitude to study spirituality and pastoral care and create a framework for pastoral care, can because spirituals care.

Ethics in dealing with patients is among the factors determining the quality of services. considering the moral nature of nursing and the ongoing, the nurses’ decision type and ethical behavior can be followed with various negative and positive results. Given the importance of ethics, this study was conducted in 2014 aiming to determine the ethical lapses of nurses.
In this cross-sectional study,the investigation population were all the nurses who worked in the Shahid Beheshti hospital of Yasuj.The data collecting tool is a researcher made questionnaire which contain demographic characteristics­ and ethical Errors included 16 questions.Then the data were analyzed by using SPSS version 19 software.
The results revealed that 59.63% of nurses committed moral lapses, among which Non-compliance with administrative ethics of care with 168 cases (34/49%) and lack of obtaining consent from the patient when required with 61 cases (12.50%) were the most frequent lapses and prescription of prohibited drugs with reporting no case, were the least frequent lapses.
The patient’ righteous expectation from the staff providing health care services is to provide them with high quality services while observing moral standards and ethics. According to the study results, obviously, the relevant authorities must put their best effort to monitor the nurses’ ethical standards and increase the staff awareness in this regard.

nursing care as a basic component of health services is a critical category. Patient’s health and improvement are the result of quality-centered care and professional ethical as a basic component is advised in nursing operations. This research is done to determine the relation between professional ethic observance and quality of care from nurse’s perspective.
Material & this correlative-descriptive study was done with cooperative of 210 practicing nurses at 5 selected hospitals in Shahid Beheshti University of Tehran with available sampling in 1393. Data gathered using Iran nursing ethical laws and care quality Qual pex questionary standards. The dynamics of them certificated and evaluated with spss-20.
nursing care quality was adequate in the views of 81 percent nurses. 84 percent of them evaluated care quality at socio-psychology level and 68/5 percent at communication level. 91/7 percent of nurses also evaluated nurse’s care at good level. There was a meaningful correlation between professional ethical and care quality.
regarding to study findings and ethical operation essential as a basic component of quality centered caring, it is advised to plan regular programs in the field of importance and nursing ethical observance in the hospitals.

Providing health services with speed and high quality, especially for Urgent patients, is part of the Patient's Rights Charter. This study was conducted aiming at investigating the relationship between pre-hospital Emergency Medical Services staff Quality performance and their education when facing Cardiac Arrest patients.
In this cross-sectional study, information about Educational level, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation measures in cardiac arrest patients and the number of hours of training 82 EMS personnel of Arak were analyzed in a 6-month period. The hours of training and other data this staffs were quotations in writing from Emergency Medical Services. A two-part checklist including demographic data and EMS Care Report Form was used for collecting required data.
82 people from pre-hospital EMS personnel with an average age of 34/58 ± 5/59 participated in this study. Most of them had an associate degree in medical emergencies (42%) and of paramedical area (34%). Participants in this study gained an average Quality performance score of 69/52 ± 19/51. ANOVA test results showed that the average performance score of EMS technicians is related to their education (P=0.000).
This study indicated that Quality performance of EMS personnel in reaction to cardiac arrest patients is associated with education and training hours, but no relation was found with age and experience.

Due to different reasons, nurses are always faced with numerous ethical issues in daily clinical practice. One of the most controversial issues is in relation to the nurse prescribing. This study aimed to describe the reasons for prescribing by nurses in some clinical situations.
This descriptive qualitative study was carried out with the participation of 19 nurses working in one of the educational centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences through interviews in 2014. Purposeful sampling through semi-structured interviews was used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using conventional (inductive) content analysis and coding was done by the MAXQDA (2007) software. To achieve the accuracy and reliability of the data, the Lincoln and Guba authenticity criteria were used.
Analysis of the recorded interviews of participants in this study resulted in 5 subcategories and 2 main categories. The main emerged categories were" human values" (with three subcategories entitled "the priority of human life, "human conscience" and "sacrifice and dedication") and" organizational norms"(with two subcategories namely "governance of organizational rules" and" accountability system").
Despite being aware of the lack of legal authority to prescribe drugs, the participants of this study prioritize patient's life, due to adhere to ethical principles. The health system policy-makers are expected to facilitate the development of legislation and clear regulations of nurse prescribing in order to have a contribution in humanitarian action.

academic dissatisfaction from effective factors in academic achievement and student’s success in their field future, So that the study of causes could be the basis for students counseling and is an indicator for performance improved. This study aimed to determine effective factors on academic dissatisfaction of students from their fields.
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with partnership of 202 Students of nursing, anesthesia, operation room, laboratory sciences and health through census from Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 2013. Data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with 36 questions. Validity and reliability with alpha α=0/94 was approved. SPSS 16 and correlational tests (correlation and t – test tests) were used for data analysis.
The most important effective factors to academic dissatisfaction were discrimination between nursing and paramedic’s students with medical students (4.4±0.98), there is Physician Salary (4.34±0.98) and lack of proper presentation of nursing and paramedical fields before entering university (4.25±0.91), respectively. The least effective factors in academic dissatisfaction were the inability of students in care from patients (2.96±1.25), Lack of respectful attitude of training staff (3.41±1.24) and not the spirit of hard work in students (3.42±1.11), respectively.
Ethical and psychological dimensions were identified the most important factors associated with academic dissatisfaction. Hence, more attention to this areas and planning for creation balanced and fair environment between all disciplines in the universities by educational planners and administrators is recommended.

Nursing is one of the largest groups of health care providers in the public and private sectors are and they work interact with patients in comparison with other treatment service providers is very high. Nurses in the health care system and the failure of the pillars of the work of this group due to their important role in improving the patients, will bring irreparable results. Empowerment of nurses and professional ethics in the organization and creation of job engagement of nurses can be of paramount importance. This study clarifies the role of mediator empowerment of nurses in the relationship between professional ethics and job engagement of nurses.
The method of research is descriptive and correlational studies based on structural equation modeling. The study population consisted of nurses working in public hospitals of Urmia city is the total number of 1363 people, and 300 samples using Morgan table sample size estimation using stratified random sampling method were selected. In order to analyze the data collected Lisrel and SPSS statistical software was used. To collect the required data from three types of psychological empowerment questionnaire Spritz, professional ethics and job engagement is used.
Structural equation modeling was carried out in accordance with the hypothesis and all meaningful relationships between variables and structures that are approved and changing relationships of a significant amount of error is five percent more 96/1.
The findings of this analysis show the model structure that professional ethics with high path with psychological empowerment, can be a powerful factor for the empowerment of nursing and according to the results, managers and supervisors of Urmia city hospitals, the most meaningful basis for freedom and feeling of nurses in the workplace provided and less regard for the competence and effectiveness of the nurses have provided. If people can work according to their own merits are, the better will be able to use their abilities to benefit the most and do the most effective.