فصلنامه مهارت آموزی
پیاپی 18 (زمستان 1395)

Technical and vocational training is a key for "sustainable employment" in the country and skillful human force is as arms towards the development and progress of the society.Learning skills and improving abilities are the starting points of any employment.Since in the poor southern parts of country most womens are housewives,it is possible to make imployment for them through training skills by supportng them and setting small local/home bussinesses and also improve the quality of goods produced by this class to change the  consumption patterns.This study was conducted in the deprived kahnooj city.Gothering information was through a questionair whose validity was confirmed by experts and reliability by cronbachs alph formula.Finally,the results were analyzed by SPSS software and t-test.The results show that vocational training has led to enhance the abilities of housewives and their employment in local/home bussinesses and also modify their consumption patterns and encourage to consume domestic goods especially in agriculture and handcrafts and the applicstion of the ressistance aconomy in the zone.

 This study aimed to investigate the impact of ICT on empowering human resources persanal, technical and vocational training center for half the countrg'sopinronated. . It was a descriptive survey , and population conclude 217 people., the sample size was calculated using Morgan and Sampling is simple.
To measure the impact of ICT on empowerment of psychological empowerment was used Spitters and Mishra questionares. Independent variables of this study is in formation and communication Technology and the dependent variables is the empowerment humans resources, Research data analysis was done in two ways, descriptive and inferential statistics.
According to the rating of each question is esmtimated that : ICT has the highest rank in the variable choice (3/3)and effectiveness (3/20),feel significant (316)-competency (3/01)and sence of comprtance and the trust (2/30),Actually , Trust Is the lowest rank and the righ choose the top rankiny.

Training consulting can help trainees have a clear and realistic picture of the situations, emotions and abilities, adopt new ways to understand and solve problems, improve their self-confidence, take responsibilities, change motivations, change the skills required, improve the situations and use their potential. Regarding this, occupation and training consulting has attracted a lot of attention in entrepreneurial studies in recent years. The purpose of this research is to increase entrepreneurial behavior of the trainees through occupation and training consulting. Parsabad vocational training centers for men and women and Aslanduz training center were selected to be studied. The assessment tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and SPSS was used for data analysis. The data were collected by the questionnaire including 31 questions. Its validity was approved by four entrepreneurship experts and its reliability was approved by Cronbach’s alpha (0.8056(. Out of 70 experienced trainers and exerts working in vocational training centers of Parsabad County, 59 people were selected as sample size using Krejcie & Morgan formula. The research results showed that training consulting increases entrepreneurial behavior of the trainees significantly.

Today revealed the importance of entrepreneurship in the development of societies and the role of vocational training in this special section. Users of vocational training according to the skills resulting from training and practical experience working in educational environments do better condition than in jobs. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to compare the ability of entrepreneurship among learners and vocational Education training (VET) centers and technical High school students. The study is a descriptive survey among the population of trainees, vocational education training centers and technical High school students. As for the high volume audience of 300 people were selected as sample, vocational education training centers150person and  technical High school 150 students were selected. To increase the homogenization of the sample from both the 3 Department of Education to assess the ability to be entrepreneurial. Questionnaire data collection made in the internal control, need for independence, need for achievement, creativity, risk-taking and entrepreneurship ability can be assessed. The collected data were using SPSS software at 2 part descriptive and inferential statistics, analyzed. The findings showed that entrepreneurial ability among vocational education trainees center and technical High school is undesirable, But the entrepreneurial ability of vocational education trainees center better than technical High school students, vocational further. The weak entrepreneurial skills training learners reflect better planning and more attention to boosting entrepreneurship among learners components of the sector. According to the mission that vocational training is for trainees to enter the labor market strengthen skills related to entrepreneurship education should be the priority.

The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics and updated standards of technical and vocational training in order to develop a new standard, combining the skills and entrepreneurial by private sector of Shiraz. The research method was non-experimental (descriptive) in terms of objective and data collection styles. The population consisted of all the establishers of private institutions of technical and vocational training organizations in Shiraz in spring of 2014. This consisted of355personsof establishers of active institutions, 77 persons of centers’ headers and experts and also 260 persons of industry owners guilds in Shiraz totally 692personsin Shiraz that have selected randomly and128of them as sample. In order to gathering data, after checking the validity and reliability, Inventory levels of dynamism, entrepreneurial and updating of technical and vocational education national standards developed by the researcher (2014) was used. Collected data were analyzed by Sciences Statistical Package for the Social software (SPSS), at level of descriptive style by using statistical methods, average standard deviation, and at the level of inferential by using statistical methods of T- tests of single group and Chi- square. The results from this study indicated that the standards of  technical and vocational training organization required dynamic, entrepreneurial and have to update, the necessary cost for training entrepreneur workers for each year, equals 1.5 months’ salary in one year and the runtime for theoretical and practical topics of entrepreneurship was considered at the start of each term of training standard to be a separate test C test this question by applying the same amount of influence, but accepted a test of skills. Also, test of this part was accepted as a separate test included 30 questions, but applying the same amount of influence of skill’s test. Minimum and maximum hour for Entrepreneurship training was 20 and 62 hours and it was 20% (percent) of each standard.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of vocational training in reducing social problems in urban areas. This research method  is survey and applied. The Sampling of this research is purposeful  and community includes all skills graduates informal settlements of Mashhad during the years 1393 to 1394 when the organization are trained in professional skills. Experts and specialists Directorate of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare, experts municipality, Center for Combating Drugs and experts of Technical and Vocational training of Khorasan Razavi, have been selected. Data gathering is provided by questionnaire using Likert scale and statistical analysis using SPSS software. The results showed that technical and Vocational training have been the role of important in reducing social problems and improved the job status, psychological, interpersonal and social relations in urban regeneration areas.