فصلنامه جغرافیا (برنامه ریزی منطقه ای)
سال هفتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 27، تابستان 1396)

Improve the quality of life in any society, one of the most important public policy goals of the community. Over the past three decades, quality of life, as a substitute for welfare material to different countries has become the main social goal. In this paper, to evaluate the use of social indicators, economic, physical, environmental and urban management, quality of urban life in the region, a study was carried out in Zahedan. The research method is analytical and practical. Collected information for documentary and field methods (questionnaires) is. The population of citizens over 15 years living in the district of Zahedan city, according to the 2012 census of 75707 people who were attempting to sampling. The sample size is calculated using the formula Cochrane 223 people and were distributed randomly. Using SPSS software and statistical analysis, factor analysis and Pearson correlation test were analyzed. Also, Pearson correlation test, considering significant level (Sig), which is the 05/0 low and statistically significant relationship is shown between the quality of urban life and factors (environmental, social , economic, physical and urban management), there is a high correlation indicates a strong positive linear relationship between them The highest correlation, in the district of Zahedan city, the quality of urban life and physical variables with a correlation coefficient 786/0, meaning an increase in the quality of the physical environment, quality of urban life increases.

Tourism is an important factor in the development of climate and weather in many countries is a valuable asset for tourists,Because one of the required information tourism destination and tourists travel plan your trip climatic conditions due to climate conditions, the planned destination.In this study, the tourist region of the index TCI, HU, CPI, PMV, PET in a period of 60 years (1951 to 2010) was evaluated for synoptic station in the city of Isfahan.In general, the main purpose of this study was to determine indicators TCI, HU, CPI, PMV, PET and understanding of the climate of Isfahan to develop tourism activities throughout the year for tourists.The study by the type of objective, functional and in terms of the nature and method of research is descriptive - analytic.The results of this index indicates that in Isfahan, according to TCI, April, May, September and October with climatic comfort in all months of thermal comfort HU index, the CPI in the months of April, May, October, November and December, PET index the best month for tourism in the index PMV October and may have the best conditions for tourist activities.

The necessity of efficient policies in oil and gas sector has been a top priority principle of the governing system in which their key leading role to provide our consistent national interest of recent and future generations cannot fall into the decline. Over the past few years subjects such as fuel crisis and price inflation particularly at filling stations have led the campaign into the privatization by branding and environmental concerns involvement as well. Nowadays environmental issues has nationally and internationally become one of the most paramount topics that numbers of countries have affirmed their commitment to the worldwide established conventions in order to intercept taking a turn for the worse. This survey is conducted to evaluate the challenges and capabilities of LPG filling stations based on environmental concerns. Ten experts took part in a questionnaire contains twelve capabilities-index and fifteen challenges-index. Local software programs and mathematical methods such as “Shannon entropy” to weigh indexes and “Grey relational analysis” to prioritize parameters were employed.

Nowadays health tourism market as a profitable and competitive industry in the world is raised. Since the 1990s, several factors led to a boom in health tourism in Asian countries finds more Entrepreneurship, marketing and advertising these countries to provide extensive medical services in the tourism, The attractiveness of these objectives in order to attract foreign tourists increased treatment. Iran, despite having abundant hot springs mine, so far has failed With proper planning to develop tourism infrastructure in the development of health tourism is an acceptable act of participation Income from health tourism could be profitable for our country to move in the development process. This study using a library of trying The importance of health tourism industry in the province of Ardabil The factors driving and inhibiting the effective promotion of health tourism And its impact on the country's sustainable development And using the model swot internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats) Health tourism industry in the province are analyzed The results of the study show Ardebil province due to significant improvements in the field of medicine and health In a significant position in the regional tourism industry, health and sustainable development And information about health tourism attractions of Ardabil Province At the international level (such as Asia and the Middle East) and national (Iran) has been adequate.

Despite the history of development planning in Iran, regional inequalities are evident in the country's villages. The discussion of developmental inequality among villages is one of the issues recently raised in the regional planning culture and is still not very clear in our country. The study of different aspects of socioeconomic, environmental and ... regions and their analysis shows the level of enjoyment, the level of well-being and their development. Developmental inequalities for various reasons such as historical, natural, social, economic and Political and ... will create a heterogeneous and unbalanced growth of the regions. In this research, the level of development of rural districts of Saveh in the current time (official statistics of 2011) was assessed using 103 indicators of developmental assessment in 9 educational, cultural, political, administrative, health, business, services, communications And transport, demographic, and physical, through a numerical taxonomic analysis model. The purpose of this research is to identify the extent and deprivation of villages in Saveh city using integrated analytical models and provide an optimal service model. Based on the results of the research, the level of development of villages in Saveh city is different in different parts. But in most of the districts, the most developed villages of Nahid are the most undeveloped Shahsavankandi village. The highest range of variation and standard deviation is related to the villages of Agh-Kahriz and Bayat and the least change is related to the rest of the villages.

By the introduction urban neighborhoods as living cells, sustainable development is in the framework community development and at the local scale and the continues thinking global. With respect to, now days more than 60 percent of the world's population live in cities. The method in which shows community development and large-scale progress and sustainable development in cities in which can be lead to success or failure to solve problem the society, economic, environmental, social, and physical problems. This study has been considered to evaluate the sustainable development of urban areas in which mentioned as a thirty-one area of the city which is one of the cities with the country average by using 70 indicators of sustainable development deals. The type of research is applicable and comparative and analytical approach. For analyze the information Multi-criteria decision, has been used from methods (MADM). According to the obtained results of the analysis in the final ranking the saheli, zarandi and emamzadeh abbas, neighborhoods respectively are located in the first to third place. Situation of urban neighborhoods are ranked in three spectrums, Desirable, Half Desirable and undesirable, in this range Classifications, Eight neighborhoods have been applied generally in desirable position in terms of nice saturation that most influence is by its privileged position in the city. In contrast, ten neighborhoods are in the third type unfavorable saturation that most effects refer to roots village, over the past years join to cities. Finally, recommendations are given to improve sustainable development of neighborhoods.

The present study compares the motivation for participation in nature tourism among men and women participating in leisure activities. The purpose of the present study is based the applied and causal-comparative research. The statistical sample of the study was comprised of 259 people who were selected by stratified random sampling and participated in the research. Finally, a questionnaire was distributed among them and used. The instruments of this research were distributed and collected by Gil (2000) questionnaire on motivational motivation. In order to analyze the data, a comparison of two independent samples, namely Independent T-test and ANOVA, was used.
Investigating research hypotheses showed that there is no significant difference between the motivation of participation in nature tourism among participants. Also, there is no significant difference between the dimensions of participation motivation (linking motivation, recreational motivation, ambitions of competitiveness and learning skills) in nature between participants. However, there was a significant difference between the external motivations in nature gathering between men and women participating in nature tourism activities, the results of one-way variance test confirmed the above results. Investigating the research hypotheses showed that there is no significant difference between the motivation of participation in nature tourism among participants. Also, there is no significant difference between the dimensions of participation motivation (linking motivation, recreational motivation, ambitions of competitiveness and learning skills) in nature and between the participants.
However, there was a significant difference between the external motivations in nature-gathering between men and women participating in nature activities, and the results of one-way variance tests confirmed the above results.

The supply of affordable housing is one of the problems that people are facing in everyday life of human communities. the government has been able to many low-income and middle help in this regard with the implementation of Mehr housing scheme over the past few decades. This study attempts to evaluate the attitude Mehr Housing residents in Kashan toward the social, economic and physical. The research method is descriptive - analytic. For collecting the data is collected through a questionnaire distributed to 150 the number of people living in Mehr Housing. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistical tests Test-T and ANOVA using SPSS and to establish and modeling the effects from structural equation modeling was used in the software AMOS. T test results indicate significant effects in the indicator Mehr Housin is examined views of residents. The analyze of findings by structural equation modeling showing that amoung of physical condition with 0/94 variable loadings has most important about views of residents. Also, by measuring the interaction between the study variables it was found that the impact on each physical factor - vary from 850 by a factor of social, economic factors - physical with the time factor and the economic factor 49/0 - 45/0 social factor load. On the other hand improve the quality of their physical structure can lead to increased satisfaction of social factors and vice versa. Economic aspects as well as the satisfaction of the satisfaction of social and physical dimensions has a significant positive effect.

Nowadays the most of urban riverbeds and it's buffer-instead of playing role as a pleasant urban space-are unusable, unsafe and abandoned place. The main structure of Shiraz city consists of two east – west major water courses: sultan abad and Dry River. In this research with the aim of urban natural corridors sustainable design with ecological approach Soltanabad River will be investigated.for analysis of its ecological, physical and social structure quantitative strategic planning method and SWOT analysis are chosen and used. At first by using the questionnaire completed by target group the strengths weaknesses opportunities and threats of case study are identified.the variables were weighted by using expert's ideas then the kind of dominate strategy is determined base on EFF and IEF matrix.prioritizing the strategies were done by QSPM matrix and finally design criterias are presented base on four sustainable urban landscape components.The dominate strategy for our case study is aggressive-competitive .and according to QSPM matrix "SQ1" strategy –creating ecotouristic,recreational,attractive and fresh spaces in river's margins –is the best strategy for environmental,physical and social sultan abad river structure.

The main objective of this study is to investigate the spatial distribution of green space in the zone one of Tehran toward environmental sustainability. The research method applied contains both descriptive and analytical methods. The preliminary data obtained through library research and related infrastructure and by taking advantage of GIS, Mathematical and statistical methods available, such as: technique Williamson, entropy index, measuring the level of concentration, Lorenz curve factor and factor spatial distribution, concentration and balance Space of green space area to assess the environmental review and SWOT model are used. The results show that the population of 439467 people, according to the region of 3.91 square meters per capita green space and its distribution is uneven in parts of 10 children. Area 6 and 10 with the highest inequality index and entropy, with per capita 20.88 and 9.8 square meters and having 38 and 37 parks and gardens in the best conditions And Area 1 and 8 with the lowest inequality index and entropy, with per capita 1.5 and 2.12 and having 7 and 9 parks and gardens are in the worst condition And based on the statistical methods used, the green space of the spatial distribution is unbalanced. In the 60s and 70s tend to be higher in the northern areas of construction and about 45 percent of the region's orchards have been destroyed in these years And the greatest destruction in area 2. SWOT shows the results of the rating in the evaluation of internal factors of 2.3 and 2.1 is the matrix of external factors Reflecting the adverse conditions in regional development and the elimination of a potential environmental. This means that weaknesses than strengths, opportunities, and threats and continue this process will eliminate the prevailing environmental conditions.

Desert is an ecosystem in which the continuity and stability of life cycle face with great hardness and water scarcity is its most important feature. Despite the difficult situations in geography of desert areas, today global community isn’t anxiety about derest climates existence but toward desertification phenomenon like deleterious process that cause decrease of land production capacity, during the time and often invisibly. Desertification is currently a big problem in many countries, especially in developing countries, and includes natural processes and improper human activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the history, current condition and the concepts and principles of desertification in the world and Iran, and then address the causes and consequences of this environmental phenomenon. Also study the historical trends of combating desertification programs in the world and review and analyse our country’s macro policies and strategies for combating desertification in the past, present and future. This descriptive-analytical study using documentary research method and systematic search of raliable scientific resources, has a comprehensive attention to subject. The results show that inhibition of desertification and sustainable management of desert areas, need to reform developmental patterns and recognition it’s social, cultural, economic and political roots because of its complex and multidimensional nature. Aslo should emphasis on human development more than direct deal with the external manifestations and through technical approaches. So the national action programme to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought requires the convergence of natural and human resources and community based participation of all stakeholders in design, implementation and evaluation of strategies and field work flexible and evolutionary. This paper suggests to investigate factors influencing society's perception status about desertification and interaction between human and derest ecosystems in future research and theoretical foundations of social and political ecology should be conceptualized and developed in the field of combat desertification.

Geopolitics as much as is national, regional and international and is studying phenomena at these levels equally also it does not go away the level of micro and national crush and developments coinciding with the phenomenon of globalization and the weakening of national borders and the emphasis on globalization or globalization also is the reason for this claim is self-evident. With such a look at geopolitics you must acting analyze and explain the geopolitics of provincial units in national systems. The purpose of this article is analysis of Lorestan geopolitical role in Iran's security. The main question of this article is that Lorestan province in terms of geographic location, economic, cultural, and environmental, demographic and ethnic characteristics what role does it play in Iran's security? The results of this paper show that from all aspects of geopolitical science, geographic, economic, cultural and ethnic, religious, and demographic Lorestan province plays a central role in Iran's security. Given this introduction this article will try using library resources as well as scientific and research articles as well as statistics and census data of the country's statistics organization as well as statistical annals and the use of diverse maps to be paid analyzing and analyzing Lorestan's geopolitical role in relation to Iran's security.

In general, maintaining and enhancing the sense of security of citizens you must be considered one of the most important goals of urban planning and urban planning. Many factors affect achieve this goal that is one of the most important factors is the discussion of urban roads. The purpose of this article is investigating the relationship between urban planning and urban planning with the sense of security of citizens with emphasis on the streets of Rasht city. The main question of this article is that Urban roads as one of the important components of urban planning and urban planning how have the impact on citizen's security felt in all cities and especially in Rasht? This article by examining urban streets in two main streets and sidewalks it tries to prove its relationship with the sense of security of its citizens. The results of this article indicate that over time It’s overwhelmed the proportion between urban population and city streets of Rasht (sidewalks and streets) Somehow that looking for problems such as traffic congestion and poor public transportation as well as the weakness of crisis management in unexpected events as well as environmental problems in the city which will intensify in the future and interacting with all these actions and reactions will be the drop in the sense of security of the citizens of this city. Given this introduction this article will try to use a combination of quality and library methods as well as surveys and interviews with experts and professors in the field of geography and urbanization as well as citizens of Rasht city analyze and measure the role of urban planning and urban development emphasizing the passageways in the sense of security of citizens in general, and in particular Rasht city.

This way, the most efficient methods for estimating the impact of factors is considered. The present paper, the effect of different variables including (government spending, openness, foreign direct investment, inflation, exchange rate fluctuations) on economic growth in the period 1393-1382, the Islamic elect developing countries (Iran, Indonesia, Jordan Kuwait, Malaysia, Egypt, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Turkey and the United Arabic Emirates) using panel data is used. The results suggest that foreign direct investment on economic growth in selected countries of developing more effective. Another result is that four variables (such as government spending, foreign direct investment, inflation, exchange rate fluctuations) on economic growth show a positive effect. Only economic openness on economic growth of the countries surveyed has a negative effect.

Strategic planning one of new approachs is regional planning that with strategic thought is analyse interior and exterior environment to appoint regional development strategies. Gilan province of provinces is development precedency and capacity encounter with development challenge now. This province encounter with position descent in development national system and its interior system follow of periphery – center pattern. Regarding the aim, the present research is applied, and its method is analytical- descriptive. Data has been achieved through literature review, documentary and field studies (questionnaire). Questionnaire was regularized to delfi method(spectrum) of two step. The statistical population in this research is professores and MA relate to topic of regional development. Samplery method in this research is goal oriented. justifiability implement of research is nominal justifiability. For stability evaluation of research is used Cronbach's Alpha examination. With drawing of SWOT analysis table was recognized four of strategies( SO, ST, WO and WT). on the basis of Final privilege sum of interior and exterior factors to selection of gilan development strategy suggest expedinency – diversity(ST) strategy. This strategy make amplification, diversity of interior factors notice for decreaseing of exterior factors. By using of QSPM quantity model show for appointing gilan province executive priorities: 1- SO2: to develop and vary of agricultural, tourism and to exhibition of regional service with grace privilege 9/049, 2- spatial development planning based preparation plan of gilan province with grace privilege 9/04, 3- to develop of expertism industries for national and regional market with grace privilege 8/89.

The purpose of this article is investigating the relationship between drug policy making With Effectiveness of Iran's Islamic Republic of Iran Security policies making in order to promote the geopolitical position of Iran. Undoubtedly significant part of Iran security issues is affected by drugs. The subject of drugs is also affected by the geopolitical position of Iran and also managed to with difficulty Geopolitical position of Iran for security. The main question of this article is that given the geopolitical position of Iran drug policy have what impact does the effectiveness of security policy making of the Islamic Republic of Iran and as a result, promote the geopolitical position of Iran? Security policy making or security mechanism design it means creating a space to move to a desirable situation from the perspective of the politician. The results of this article show that drug policy making in Iran it must be a high-end and long-term and less tied to time, budget, and cost. Given this introduction, this paper will attempt using library resources and scientific and research articles to be paid Analyze and explain the relationship between drug policy making and the effectiveness of Iran's security policy making.

In order to analyze activation setting in a city, it is inevitable to achieve a balance in the distribution of resource and services. Each settlement in eludes places presenting services such as commercial, financial and administrative as well as social and welfare services. Given that discipline available in these settlements, these centers should be distributed. Commensurably and in association with each other. In addition a greater number of people will access these services and thus they will be affected by each other. To determine the distribution of service centers including green area and parks is the issue that planners most often deal with and try to direct the allocation of resources and services. In this paper, using analytic-description methods, it has been en endeavored to examine the distribution of green areas in shahr-e-kord. Eventually areas and plus lacking green area were identified so that a step cam be taken to balance the distribution of green area application. Results suggested that capitation of shahr-e-kord’s green area allocates 5.3 square meter to itself, differing from standard capitation of ministry of Housing and Urban Development (7-12 square meter) of. Shahr-e-kord encounters lack of this application in the city. Hence, if has been suggested that equitable distribution of green area in the city be in a way that all citizens can utilize green area in less time and of least cost.

This study aims at identifying and ranking the factors affecting competitive advantage in Kaveh Customs Island of GHESHM. Study the purpose and the nature and heuristic and the next time, cross-sectional. Qualitative research methods underlying approach or grand theory. Based on purposive sampling and theoretical saturation criterion of 40 managers and Experts martyr RAJAEE and BAHONAR Customs, KAVEH Port, HORMOZGAN Ports and Maritime Administration, the Bureau of Standards and Industrial Research participated in this study. The data is collected by using interview techniques and the context of the underlying, through coded in three stages, open coding, axial coding and selective coding have been coded. The results of data analysis showed that factors affecting competitive advantage in Kaveh Port Qeshm is Developing and strengthening technical and software infrastructure and networks, national and international efficient advertising. Investing in the development of modern infrastructure, support for investment and private sector participation, economic optimization of internal operations and location of electrical equipment and installations. Customs continuous technical support of networks, modeling of business competitor’s success and improving the weaknesses port, especially in the field of human resources and training appropriations and creativity of employees and managers. Finally, based on the results, the mechanism for improving the factors affecting competitive advantage in Qeshm Bndrkavh were presented.

Precipitation is one the most important climatic elements that its variations can have significant effects on water resources of every region. The patterns of precipitation are related to circulation patterns and the identification of them has great role in water resource planning. The present study is aimed to identify synoptic patterns that create heavy precipitation over Behesht Abad basin using environmental to circulation approach. In this paper daily rainfall time series of 23 weather stations in Charmahal province from 2000/1/1 to 2010/10/21 were selected. The geo-potential data of 500 hpa level were also obtained to analyze circulation patterns. In the first step the days with amount of precipitation above 30 mm were selected and 152 days with heavy rainfall were then identified. Then in the next step geo-potential data of 500 hpa for the desired days for the geographical frame of 0 to 80 N and 0 to 80 E were exploited from NCEP/NCAR. These data were configured to the S mode with a matrix in 152*1089 and hierarchical cluster analysis was applied on the data. In the final step, six circulation patterns responsible for heavy precipitation were identified in the Basin and according to internal group correlation the map of representative day of each pattern was drawn. The results indicated that three patterns follow Blocking pattern and the three other patterns follow troughs and ridges systems. The formation of deep low-height in mid-level of atmosphere and the flow of cold mass from higher latitudes over Mediterranean and Black sea and gaining moisture from the them and the location of Iran in the forward parts of the troughs create instability and heavy rainfall over study area. In addition of moisture from Mediterranean and Black seas, the moisture and heat from Persian Gulf is effective in the occurrences of heavy precipitation over the region as well.

Branding the megacities brings city image that causes the city has competed with other cities at the national and international levels and ultimately maximizes the benefits of citizenship. In addition, branding of megacities strengthens their brand position and image and creates a climate of competition between cities that will eventually lead to the flow of material, spiritual and social capital into urban structures, and increase the level of welfare and quality of life to its inhabitants. Although disparate researches has been done on brand and branding, but their output did not come up with a systematic and enforceable program. In this research, the underlying model of megacities branding in Tehran was tested and validated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling by means of SPSS and LISREL softwares. The structural model has indicated the relationship between brand dynamics components, the need for a large number of visitors, and the country's need with branding process as well as the relationship between branding process with income generation, tansforming the city into a potential destination and sustainable urban development. The structural model in the standard estimation mode showed that the greatest positive impact is the country's need for the branding process and the least impact is brand dynamics on the branding process. Also, the greatest impact on consequences by branding process is on revenue variable.