Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences
Volume:7 Issue: 3, 2017

Glycogen storage disease type Ib is a metabolic disease of carbohydrate metabolism. Patients suffer from metabolic disorders as a result of insufficient production of glucose from glycogen, and recurrent infections due to neutropenia. For the first time in Iran and in the world, we introduce a patient who was improved with herbal medicine.
Case: A 5-year-old girl with glycogen storage disease type Ib, with a history of infantile hypoglycemic seizures, hepatomegaly, neutropenia, hyperlipidemia and metabolic acidosis participated in this study. She was under monthly treatment with G-CSF due to neutropenia induced recurrent oral ulcers and severe infection. After using Jujube fruit, her oral lesions improved and the patient’s infection attacks and neutropenia disappeared and there was no need for the administration of G-CSF after six months.
The use of jujube can lead to the improvement of neutropenia, infection and oral lesions in glycogen storage disease type Ib.

Cholera is an acute and dangerous intestinal diarrhea that leads to death if hypovolemic shock occures. Vibrio cholera, as a causative agent of cholera, is a noninvasive enteric gram-negative bacteria which exerts its pathological effects by producing cholerae toxin (CT). The first time, the acute inflammatory responses of Cholerae was considered when the development of laboratory techniques in the last years demonstrated that CT can induce lipid mediators synthesis like prostaglandin E2, F2 and leukotrienes and recruit neutrophils, mast cells, macrophages and other immune cells. The recruited cells respond to infection by lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase secretion in the excretory liquid and production of inflammatory cytokines like, TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6. On the one hand, the formed inflammatory responses, stimulate innate and adaptive immune system and produce antibodies against Vibrio cholerae, but on the other hand, it enhances the excretion of water and salts from the gastrointestinal tract epithelial cells and induces apoptosis and loss of defensive function of epithelial barrier. Although the epithelial cell shedding and excretion of infected fluids from the intestinal tract is the body’s natural defensive mechanism to remove bacteria, but in the case of the failure in bacteria reduction and lost fluid compensation by serum therapy, the disease will lead to death. Therfore the use of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs will be effective besides serum therapy to reduce the number of baceria and fluid loss from the body and repair the epithelial barrier.

Nanotechnology is a branch of the developing science which includes producing, manipulating and applying materials at smaller scales than a micron. Nanoparticles are used for many purposes in medicine and science, including cancer treatment, dental alloys, bladder catheters, drug delivery, and etc. One of the factors which is subjected to the toxicity of nanoparticles, is reproductive system and fertility, because these substances accumulate in the gonads and cause the incidence of some health problems such as inflammation of the epididymis, reduced sperm motility, sperm morphology defects and in general, infertility and defects in the reproductive system. Since fertility and its health is so important in the society, and its consequences affect the entire population, this study aimed at investigating the effects of gold and silver nanoparticles on the reproductive system.
The present review article was performed by using the research articles indexed in Pubmed, Google scholar, Science direct and SID. Also the results of the search were evaluated in a systematic manner. The results show that the effect of silver and gold nanoparticles on reproductive system could vary from ineffective to the negative effects, depending on the dose, exposure duration and the sample of study.

Food can be contaminated with various fungi. The use of nanotechnology, especially metal oxides can reduce this contamination. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal effect of magnesium oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles against Aspergillus species that are important in food hygiene.
Magnesium oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles were synthesized chemically, then their morphology and size were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and zetasizer. MIC and MFC of these nanoparticles against Aspergillus species were examined individually and in combination with each other by micro dilution method in saboraud dextrose broth and saboraud dextrose agar media and FIC was calculated.
The size of nanoparticles was between 10 to 60 nm. They had different forms and high purity. The mean MIC and MFC values of magnesium oxide nanoparticles for the species of A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger and A. parasiticus were 10.1 and 10.31 mg/ml, respectively. These values for copper oxide nanoparticles were 10.25 and 10.08, respectively. Most inhibitory and fungicidal effect of these nanoparticles was on A. niger and A. fumigatus respectively. Since FIC index was greater than 1, there was no interaction. The mean MIC value of the two nanoparticles combination was 9.49 mg/ml.
This study showed that each of magnesium oxide or copper oxide nanoparticles as anti-fungal substances could have inhibitory and fungicidal properties individually, but their combination do not have any interacting effect.

MiRNAs are among non-coding RNAs involved in regulation of the target genes through a direct interaction with the mRNA. Therefore, any variation in the miRNA genes could be effective in modification of the functionality of miRNA. The aim of the present study is to investigate the association of rs1951032 in the pre-miR-487a flanking region with incidence of breast cancer in Iranian population.
This case-control study was performed on 140 samples collected from 70 breast cancer patients and 70 healthy participants with a similar age range. DNA extraction was performed and genotype determination was carried out by High Resolution Melting (HRM) technique. Additional confirmation was performed by sequencing of the PCR products. Finally, logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between the polymorphism and breast cancer.
Statistical analysis showed a significant association between rs1951032 TC genotypes with OR= 5.308 and increased incidence of mortality among patients. However, since there was no significant association between these genotypes in patients and healthy individuals, this polymorphism is not associated with the incidence of disease in individuals.
Based on the findings of this study, rs1951032 (TC genotype) is associated with impairment in miR-487a function and biogenesis and therefore cannot suppress target gene ABCG2. Thus, rs1951032 is associated with increased incidence of mortality among patients.

Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease, and its complications include loss of teeth and dry mouth. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the association of osteoporosis with tooth loss and oral dryness feeling in women with osteoporosis.
This case-control study was performed on 170 women (85 with osteoporosis and 85 without osteoporosis) referring to the bone densitometry center in the city of Fasa. Data were collected using a valid questionnaire including standard questionnaire of dry mouth and demographic variables, also a clinical examination was carried out for determine the number of missing teeth. The data collected was analyzed by SPSS 22 software. P The findings of this study showed that there were significant relationship between osteoporosis and oral dryness feeling (p The results showed that in women with osteoporosis, there is a oral dryness feeling. The age can be considered risk factors for tooth loss so that more number of missing teeth with age, but osteoporosis cannot be considered risk factors for tooth loss.

Inflammation is an undesirable condition resulted from the effect of Arachidonic Acid metabolites especially prostaglandins. With regard to the side-effects of chemical anti-inflammatory medicines, this study was done aiming at examining the effect of 3D music on the extent of inflammation.
In this experimental study, 20 male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups of 5 each, including healthy control group, inflammatory control group, inflammatory recipient of 50 ml of carrageenan1%, treated inflammatory with 2 mg per kg body weight dexamethasone and treated inflammatory with three-dimensional music player (8h). Finally, CRP blood test and weight difference between the injected right foot and the left foot were measured. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data through SPSS software.There was a significant mean difference between groups, using Tukey test at (p CRP levels in treated groups by dexamethasone (10.6±3.24mg/l), and music (16±9.95mg/l), compared to the control group (37.8±5.24mg/l), were significantly decreased, which this decrease was more discernable in treated groups that received dexamethasone. The weight difference between the left and right foot in the treatment group (0.016±0.007g), (0.044±0.044g) compared to the control group (0.154±0.056g), was significantly decreased.
Dexamethasone can remove inflammation and three-dimensional music can reduce inflammation less than dexamethasone in the inflammatory animals.

Trastuzumab and Idarubicin (4-methyl-daunorubicin) are two anti-neoplasmic agents that are widely used in cancer therapy. Idarubicin is more lipophilic than its parent drugs such as daunorubicin, therefore it is absorbed more efficiently by the target cells. The main aim of this study was to Investigate the combinational effect of Trastuzumab (as anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody) and Idarubicin on growth inhibition of HER2 positive breast cancer cells.
Material & In this study, SK-BR-3 cell line as HER2-positive and MCF-7 as cell line with low-level of expression of HER2 were used for treatment process. After 72 hours incubation treatment with various concentrations of indicated agents, induced cytotoxicity of various concentrations of idarubicin, trastuzumab, and idarubicin-trastuzumab as combination was assessed by MTT assay.
the results showed that Idarubicin discretely induced similar effect on both cell lines but trastuzumab as it expected induced its effect based on the level of HER2 expression and thus inhibited SK-BR-3 cell line growth in a more potent manner. Between all of treatment methods, idarubicin-trastuzumab therapy was the most efficient and specific treatment for the reduction of cell viability of SK-BR-3 cells as HER2-positive cell line compared to CMF-7 cell line. Indicated combination therapy, reduced viability of SK-BR-3 cells to 17% in comparison with MCF-7 cell line in similar conditions, and induced a significant (p≤0.01) SK-BR-3 cell death compared to MCF-7 cells.
It seems that idarubicin combination therapy with trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer cells can be used as an alternative effective treatment.

consuming recommended amount of fruit and vegetables, can help prevent cardiovascular diseases, some cancers, obesity, type II diabetes and hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of educational program based on precede model on the consumption of fruits and vegetables in high school girl students.
This pretest-posttest semi-experimental research was conducted randomly among 100 high school girls in Fasa, which included experimental and control group. Data collection was done by experts as a questionnaire that included demographic characteristics and precede model components (Predisposing factors (knowledge, attitude), enabling factors, reinforcing factors and performance). As the educational intervention, the experimental group participated in four 55-60 minute educational sessions, for 2 months of follow-up. The questionnaires were completed by participants of the two groups before and three months after intervention. Statistical technics such as independent t test, paired t test and Chi-square were used to analyze the data through SPSS 18 software.
Mean scores of predisposing (knowledge and attitude), reinforcing, and enabling factors showed a significant difference in the experimental group in comparison to the control group (p=0.001).
The Development and implementation of the educational programs based on Precede model can promote healthy eating behaviors and increases the burgeoning consumption of fruits and vegetables in the students. This template can play an important role as a model in the field of healthcare education programs and the promotion in the plan of health system.

inflammatory bowel disease is related to a group of chronic inflammatory disorders with unknown etiology which involves the digestive system. This disorder is divided into two major conditions including ulcerative colitis and crohn’s disease. Recent studies show that interleukine-22, a member of IL-10 cytokine family, has influence on inflammatory processes during the disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between IL-22 gene polymorphism (rs2227503) and the susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease.
89 patients and 201 healthy individuals who referred to the Namazi Hospital of Shiraz, Iran, participated in this case-control study. Blood samples were collected and their genomic DNA were extracted. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms-Polymerase chain reaction technique was performed. Data were analyzed using a Chi-square test.
The frequencies of allele and genotypes in patients and control group were calculated. Although the frequency of G allele was greater in patients and A allele was lower in patients compared with control group, the difference was not statistically significant.
There is no statistically significant relationship between IL-22 gene polymorphism (rs2227503) and the susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease.
More studies are required to clarify the exact role of IL-22 in pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.

Crystal meth damages the brain cells by inducing oxidative stress. In the present study the long- term injection effect of alcoholic extract of Scrophularia Striata on spatial memory and lipid peroxidation in male rats during crystal meth addiction was investigated.
Material & 49 male rats were divided in 7 groups including: control, sham (saline), crystal meth (5 mg/kg), Scrophularia Striata extract (100 and 200 mg/kg), pretreatment of Scrophularia Striata (100 mg/kg) crystal meth (5 mg/kg), and pretreatment of Scrophularia Striata (200 mg/kg) crystal meth (5 mg/kg). Morris water maze test was used for assessing the spatial memory, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) was assayed as an index of lipid peroxidation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data.
Spatial memory was significantly reduced by Crystal meth (P It seems that, psychoactive drugs can impair spatial memory by inducing oxidative stress. Pretreatment of Scrophularia as an antioxidant, improves spatial memory which has been reduced by crystal meth.

Neuropeptides are involved in various functions such as regulation of reproductive system function. With regards to the prevalence of reproductive disorders all over the world, this study is aimed at determining the effect of spexin on function of pituitary-gonadal axis in mature female rats.
Material & In this experimental study, 40 mature female rats were used and divided into control, sham and three experimental groups receiving spexin at doses 5, 25 and 50μg/kg. All injections were administered intraperitoneally during 5 days. Finally, after phlebotomizing the animals for measuring FSH, LH, estradiol, progesterone and testosterone, their ovaries were removed and after tissue sectioning, the follicles were counted by using physical dissector technique. The obtained data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan tests through SPSS 18 software, considering the significance level of data at the level of P>0.05.
The results showed that spexin causes significant increase in FSH, number of multi-layer follicles, antral and corpora lutea. As well, the results showed that spexin caused a significant decrease in progesterone, the number of atretic follicles and graphs (P Spexin increases the number of multi-layer follicles and ovarian antral, by increasing the FSH serum level, nonetheless it causes the reduction of progesterone serum level, by decreasing the LH serum density.

Sodium arsenite is an environmental pollutants capable of generating free radicals causing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is regarded as a major factor in male infertility by reducing sex hormone levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effect of white tea on serum levels of FSH, LH and testosterone in male rats exposed to arsenic.
In this experimental study, 32 adult male rats were randomly divided into four groups with eight rats in each. The first group was healthy rats (control group) that received distilled water with standard diet via gavage daily. The second group of rats was treated with 100 ppm sodium arsenite in drinking water, The third group of rats was treated with white tea (1.5%) and the fourth group received aqueous extract of white tea (1.5%) with arsenic (100 ppm in drinking water) via gavage. At the end of a 30-day time period, after providing serum, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), was used to analyze the hormones, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan were applied to diagnose the differences.
The results showed that arsenic caused a significant decrease in FSH, LH and testosterone compared to the control group (p It seems that the aqueous extract of white tea may be helpful in reducing the toxic effects of sodium arsenite on sex hormones.

Physical activity and diet are the most important modifiable determinants of cancer risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the comparison of the effect of vitamin E on the expression of p53/PTEN prostate gland of male rats in two groups of intensive continuous and intermittent exercise training.
For this purpose, 56 male rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: [1] control group, [2] sham group, [3] intensive continuous training, [4] intensive intermittent training, [5] intensive continuous training vitamin E, [6] intensive intermittent training vitamin E, [7] vitamin E. The research training protocols were conducted in compliance with the principle of overload on the treadmill for six days a week, lasting 6 weeks. To measure expression changes of p53 and PTEN genes in rat's prostate, real-time PCR method was used and HPLC method was used to measure vitamin E. The One-way analysis of Variance test was used for comparisons among groups.
Vitamin E in combination with continuous training induced a significant decrease in the p53 gene expression of IIT VE group (p > 0/004) compared to the control group. In contrast, vitamin E in combination with intermittent training induced a significant decrease in expression of p53 (p>0/013) and a significant increase in the PTEN gene expression (p>0/035).
The results showed that physical exercise training reduced PTEN and p53 tumor suppressing gene expression by reducing oxidative stress, and vitamin E can be a somewhat increased expression of these genes.

Imbalances and disturbances in walking pattern are of factors affecting physical, psychological and social health of the elderly. This study aimed at investigating the effect of 10 weeks of Pilates exercises on static and dynamic balance and psychological factors in elderly men.
In this quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design, a total of 22 elderly men with the average age of (65/76 ± 2/81), referring to Amir Kabir clinic of Kashan in 2016, were purposefully selected as sample and were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control, each of which consisted of 11 people. The experimental group participated in a Pilates exercise program for 10 weeks, 3 sessions per week for 60 minutes. The collected data were analyzed by using dependent and independent t-test at a significance level of P The results showed that Pilates exercises had a significant effect (P It seems that Pilates exercises can improve the static and dynamic balance, reduce anxiety and depression and can improve mental and social functioning in elderly men. Pilates exercises can be used as a complementary therapy to improve balance and reduce falls; also, it can develop mental health indicators and can be a good and low cost alternative.