Iranian Journal of Health Sciences
Volume:5 Issue: 4, Autumn 2017

Background and Anxiety is a common condition among acute coronary syndrome patients. This syndrome often goes unrecognised and can persist for months to years, while impacting substantially the quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the associated factor of anxiety among acute coronary syndrome patients in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia and Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah.
This cross-sectional study involved acute coronary syndrome patients admitted to Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan and Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Terengganu between August 2014 and May 2015. A standardised questionnaire was developed to interview the respondents. The questionnaire was separated into two sections. The first section comprised the socio-demographic details of the patients. The second section was the validated Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) questionnaire. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were used for analysing the collected data.
The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of acute coronary syndrome patients was 60.4 (11.3) years and 61.2 (10.4) years in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia and Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah respectively. The majority of acute coronary syndrome patients who experienced anxiety were male (86.3%) with 84.9% of them Malay ethnicity and 85.9% of them married. The factor associated with anxiety among acute coronary syndrome patients was having a history of ischemic heart disease (adjusted odd ratio (OR): 2.20, as well as confidence interval (CI): 1.19, 4.10, p=0.013).
It was concluded that anxiety had myriad effects on cardiovascular physiology, which plays an important role in the increased incidence of ischemic events in patients. A screening tool should be created to refine and identify the psychological status of acute coronary syndrome patients, so that early treatment could be given.

Background and Considering the many benefits of fish in the food basket, it is essential to assess its health risk. The purpose of this study was to examine the risk assessment effects of heavy metals from Dez river fish.
In order to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the edible parts of fish, 80 samples were caught from the local species of Dez River, and after the bioassay, they were digested using the combination of 1:4 perchloric acid and nitric acid; afterwards, the concentration of heavy metals was measured by means of atomic absorption spectrometry.
The results showed that there was a positive correlation between accumulating metals and condition factor, especially with regard to zinc and cadmium; this correlation was more likely to be observed for the Capoeta trutta species. Also, comparing the daily and weekly intake of heavy metals with the rate limits of PTDI and PTWI has shown that the absorption value of metals were considerably lower than the specified limit.
The high level of CRlim showed safe consumption of fish in Dez River considering the potential health risk. Zinc and cadmium had also the highest share percent in finding out the TTHQ index. Also, the Target Hazard Quotient and Total Target Hazard Quotient were not higher than the one for all of the studied metals and species. The Capoeta trutta and Carasobarbus luteus species had the most and least amounts of TTHQ index. Finally, comparing the means of metal concentrations with standard ones has shown that the concentrations of zinc and cadmium were higher than the United Kingdom Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food, Food and Drug Administer, Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO/WH limits and the international standards of European Commission and National Health and Medical Research Council, respectively.

The wastewater discharged from textile industries is one of the main environmental pollutants that causes many problems for the environment if it is not treated or discharged. The present study compared Fenton oxidation process with coagulation and flocculation using the natural coagulant of Sodium Alginate in order to remove Reactive Red 198 Dye.
This study was carried out in an experimental scale, in which the effects of pH, concentration of the dyeing substance, concentration of iron sulfate and hydrogen peroxide for the oxidation of Fenton and the effects of pH, concentration of coagulant, concentration of dyeing substance, and the Coagulant Aid of Sodium Alginate were all investigated.
The results of the current study indicated that in the Fenton process, the efficiency of RR 198 Dye removal under acidic conditions (pH=3) at optimal conditions was achieved to be 96.2% for the dye with the concentration of 20 mg/l. By using 70 mg/l of the coagulant of Poly-Aluminum Chloride in coagulation and flocculation process, 71.2% of the dye removal was obtained for the initial concentration of the dye as 20 mg/l. Also, by adding 50 mg/l of Sodium Alginate to the optimal concentration of Poly-Aluminum Chloride, the dye removal increased up to 92.1%.
Although under optimal conditions, the efficiency of coagulation process with coagulant aid was only 4% less than the efficiency of Fenton process, considering the advantages of Fenton oxidation including lack of production of excessive sludge, a higher efficiency was gained at large doses of dye.

Background and Recognition identity crisis versus constructing the identity and committing delinquent behaviors, such as addiction tendency and recognizing its predictive variables stand amongst the most crucial issues throughout early adulthood. The present research aimed to shed light upon the prediction of identity crisis and addiction tendency based on the practical commitment to Islamic beliefs and affective family climate among the nursing and midwifery students in Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch.
This correlational research applied a descriptive-cross sectional design through a canonical correlational method. The research sample comprised 150 students studying in nursing and midwifery who were selected through random cluster sampling. To collect the data, Practical Commitment to Islamic Beliefs Questionnaire, Hilburn Affective Family Climate Scale, as well as Identity Crisis and Addiction Tendency Questionnaires were used. The collected data were also analyzed using canonical correlational coefficient.
The results of the current study indicated that the bivariate correlation coefficients for all variables was significant at level of 0.01. Moreover, the high correlation value could be found between family affective climate (one of the variables of the first set) and addiction tendency (one of the variables of the second set) (p It could then be concluded that a healthy family affective climate can play a significant role in establishing deep and heartfelt relationship with God based on religious teachings, which could also result in bringing up children who are able to avoid having positive attitude toward drug use disorders, and can realize the fallacy of substance abuse.

Background and The control of environmental pollution especially the pollution of water resources is one of the main challenges of researchers throughout the world. So, this study aimed to investigate the efficiency of reactive black 5 dye removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto activated carbon of grape seed.
At first, the grape seed adsorbents were prepared in three forms of raw, treated by concentrated phosphoric acid, and calcined at 400, 600, and 800 °C. Then, the efficiency of adsorbents to the removal of the Black 5 dye was studied in the concentrations of 100 to 700 mg/Lat pH 2- 10 and 1- 10 g/L of adsorbent during 120 min. The change of concentration was studied via the spectrophotometry procedure at the wavelength of 597 nm. Finally, the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm was determined.
The results showed that the dye removal efficiency decreased by increasing pH, and increased by raising the contact time and the amount of adsorbent. So, in this process, the highest percentage of Black 5 dye removal (83.08%) was obtained at pH 2 and t 120 min using the raw adsorbent, 200 mg/L initial concentration of dye, and 10 g/L of carbon. The process considerably followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm (R2 0.999).
The grape seed was found to have the highest level of efficiency in dye removal, and according to the availability of adsorbent and its low price, this method could be used as an applicable procedure for the removal of Black 5 dye from aqueous solutions.

Background and Fertility behavior is affected by various factors. Health workers have a great share in educational programs on fertility behaviors, hence identifying the fertility behaviors of staffs working in health centers is necessary. The aim of this study was to assess socio-cultural and economic factors influencing fertility behavior of staffs in health centers in the northern parts of Iran.
This cross-sectional study was performed through census on 118 health workers from healthcare services in Juybar, a city in north of Iran. A valid and reliable questionnaire including demographic characteristics and 27 closed questions about the participant's attitudes toward fertility (cultural, social, economic, and individual) in the Likert scale were used. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.75. The attitude score was also ranged from 27 to 135. The T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed in SPSS (V17).
There was no statistically significant difference between the tendency to fertility and the variables, such as wife's job, wife's educational level, abortions, the number of pregnancy, and the number of alive children. However, there was a statistically significant difference between tendency to fertility based on cultural attitude and residency status (p=0.04), income (p=0.04), and work experience (p=0.005).
The findings from our study support that, various factors play important roles in the formation of tendency to the fertility, among the most important ones are individual factors. The results also revealed that making any demographic and educational policy by the stakeholders requires that all factors be taken into consideration.