فهرست مطالب
Journal of Analytical Research in Clinical Medicine
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Autumn 2013
- تاریخ انتشار: 1392/09/20
- تعداد عناوین: 7
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Pages 58-62Restoring dopamine levels in Parkinson's disese (PD) has been considered as the main symptomatic therapy. In this strategy, long-term administration of L-DOPA results in motor impairments. This necessitates novel approaches in that PD is tackled with lower deleterious side effects. . Modafinil is a wake promoting agent clinically used for treatment of excessive day time sleeping. This medication increases dopamine levels and decreases oxidative stress and can thus exert anti-parkinsonian effect. Therefore, this review will give an account of the probable anti-parkinsonian mechanisms of modafinil.Keywords: Parkinson's disease, Modafinil, Doapmine, Oxidative stress
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Pages 63-67BackgroundHaemophilia A and B are X-linked bleeding disorders which result in decreased blood levels of coagulants. According to some studies, Hemophilia Severity Score (HSS) is higher in severe Haemophilia A(HA) than in severe Haemophilia B(HB). Objectives The aim of this study was comparison of bleed frequency and utilization of factor concentrate between HA and HB patients.
Materials/Patients andMethodsThis is a single institution retrospective study, and we gathered information from records of our Hemophilia Clinic .Our samples consisted of 176 Haemophilia A and 35 Haemophilia B severe and moderate deficient patients. All of our patients used on-demand treatment with plasma derived factor concentrates. Chi-Square , one sample T and Mann-Whitney U tests were used. All the calculations were performed with MedCalc Statistical Software 12.1.4 version.ResultsOverall admission rates for patients with Haemophilia A were 3.125/patient/year and for Haemophilia B were 0.77/patient/year (PConclusionThe data suggest that the two inherited coagulation disorders (Haemophilia A and Haemophilia B) have a different severity of clinical phenotype. Our findings correlate with findings by some other similar studies that have been published recently.Keywords: Hemophilia A, Hemophilia B, Factor Concentrate, Utilization Evaluation -
Pages 68-74BackgroundIn bone the Wnt signaling pathway has diverse roles in bone modeling and remodeling. Dickkopf related protein 1(DKK-1),as an end ogenous inhibitors of the canonical Wnt/βcatenin path ways pecific to bone and Osteoprotegerin(OPG),have been demonstrated to be key molecules involved in bone erosion and bone remodeling.The present study aimedto evaluate DKK-1 and OPG in women with osteoporosis to predict activity and severity of this common disease.MethodsThe study population included 44 women with osteoporosis and 44 controls with normal bone mineral density (BMD). Serum levels of DKK-1 and OPG were measured by standard methods.ResultsThe serum Dkk1 concentration in the osteoporosis group (2.91 ± 1.27) was significantly increased compared to the control group (2.07 ± 0.87) (PConclusionsAlthough the results of this study indicate that DKK-1 and OPG may play different roles in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, the increase of DKK-1 level and its correlation with FN-BMD might be related to disease activity and bone remodeling in osteoporosis.Keywords: Osteoporosis, Dickkopf-1, Osteoprotegerin, Bone mineral density
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Pages 75-82BackgroundHospitals face major challenges such as lack of resources, increase in costs, and particularly severelimitations by sanctions that lead to integration in hospitals. This study was conducted to identify and prioritize theindicators of integration and integrable hospital units based on the expert's perspective.MethodsThe present study was a three phase qualitative, applied survey. The first phase included a review of thefundamental concepts. The second phase included three focus group discussions with presence of experts to identifynecessary indicators for the implementation of integration strategy and the hospital units that can be integrated based onindicators. In the third phase, Delphi's questionnaire was prepared based on Likert's scale for prioritizing and choosingthe indicators and hospital units.Results9 indicators and 29 hospital units were identified during focus group discussions. Consensus was achievedon 9 indicators and 23 units out of 29 units based on the three stages of Delphi's questionnaire. The most importantindicators were cost and parallelism in tasks (consensus = 95.2%). Service availability and responsibility(consensus = 71.4%) were the least important indicators. The supporting units had the greatest potential (45.45% oftotal units) of merging. Emergency, inpatient wards, management, and chairmanship units were not candidates forintegration according to the viewpoint of experts.ConclusionsIntegration will lead to efficiency in resources management, avoids parallelism in tasks, increasesservice availability, and reduces costs. Integration capability exists in many parts of the hospital; therefore, it can beused in the hospitals. Furthermore, it is necessary to define clear indicators for measuring the success of this strategy.Keywords: Hospitals, Merger, Integration, Delphi Technique, Focus Group Discussion, Resource Management
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Pages 83-89BackgroundDepression is a debilitating disease which is caused by social and environmental factors in additionto genetic factors. University students are among the young and vulnerable population to depression and theirpopulation is increasing with increase in universities and higher education institutions. Therefore, any disturbance instudent's mental and physical health is a serious threat for the next generation. In this study, we aimed to estimate theprevalence of depression and its related factors in students of School of Health and Nutrition at Tabriz University ofMedical Sciences, Iran.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional survey on 175 students selected by stratified random sampling, educating indifferent fields at School of Health and Nutrition in 2009. The data collection tool was the short form of the standardBeck Depression Inventory (BDI) which is used for screening depression. The collected data were analyzed by softwareStata Statistical Software, Release 10.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA).ResultsThe results showed that 62.7% of the students had depression and from these 10.9% suffered from severedepression. Significantly higher depression rates were seen in students with worrisome about the future. Marriedstudents, those interested in their field of study, those performing prayers and regularly reading the Quran hadsignificantly lower rates of depression.ConclusionsDue to the high prevalence of depression, screening strategies should be implemented to identifydepressed students. Counseling services should be available and accessible to students at risk.Keywords: Depression, Medical Students, Iran
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Pages 90-95BackgroundThere are varieties of electrocardiogram-based methods to predict the risk of Ventricular tachycardia in patients. New extracted features from the signal averaged electrocardiogram and its wavelet coefficient as a distinctions index are used in this study.MethodsSignals of orthogonal leads from 60 myocardial infarction patients (MI) with or without the history of ventricular tachycardia were selected from the national metrology institute of Germany (PTB diagnostic database). They were filtered and the discrete transformed wavelet was exerted on them. New and conventional features introduced in this study were extracted from signal averaged electrocardiogram and its wavelet decompositions.ResultsExtracted features: QRS-d, Entropy-w, Maxhist and ZeroC has acceptable statistically criteria (p-valueKeywords: Discrete wavelet transform, Electrocardiogram, myocardial infarction, Ventricular tachycardia
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Pages 96-100BackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) is the causal agent of infection in immunocompromised patients andtransplant recipients, or those patients who receive blood transfusion frequently. Seroprevalence of CMV has beenreported to be highest in South America, Africa, and Asia, and lowest in Western Europe and United States. Datareferring to the prevalence of anti-CMV antibody among healthy people in Iran is scanty, but its incidence may reach100% among blood donors and recipients, likely due to condensed population and socio-economic status.MethodsThe blood specimens of 200 volunteer donors were tested through ELISA for anti-CMV immunoglobulinG (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in our hospital.ResultsAccording to these analyses, 98.5% and 85% of the specimens were found to be positive for anti-CMV IgGand IgM antibodies, respectively. This study shows that like other regions, anti-CMV seropositivity is high in Iran andblood transfusion is an important route of CMV spread.ConclusionsSince up to 95% of blood donors in Iran are seropositive for CMV, it would seem superfluous toscreen blood donors for CMV, as few seronegative blood units would be available for transfusion. Leukoreductioncould be a more appropriate and cost-effective prevention of transmission of CMV through infected blood in Iran.Keywords: Blood, Cytomegalovirus, Iran