فصلنامه برنامه ریزی فضایی (جغرافیا)
سال هفتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 25، تابستان 1396)

One of the most investigable topics in modern cities is achieving sustainable development. One of the strategies to achieve sustainable development is to preserve the balance and harmony between population, and resources and services available in a city. This paper aims at determining the extent to which, each of the seventeen districts of Boroujerd city enjoys facilities and utilities, while its method is descriptive-analytic. At first, the per capita of the status quo of each urban land use was separately extracted for each area from the detailed map, then, using TOPSIS method, each urban area was evaluated in terms of benefiting urban facilities and services. In the present study, the per capita of urban land use for commercial, educational, cultural, tourism-catering, healthcare-medical, official-disciplinary, green space, facilities and equipment, and sport elements in each area was considered as research indexes; and the 17 city districts considered as alternatives. Results indicate that, considering urban facilities and services, most of the districts in this city, are not in a desirable status. As a result, we can divide the city areas in four levels in terms of development. In this way, the area 17 is placed in the first level of development, areas 2, 12 and 15 in the second level, areas 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, and 16 in the third level, and areas 3, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13 and 14 in the fourth level of development.

Achieving justice and balance in rural settlements in the country, calls for review and identifying the resources and facilities in these settlements. Spatial analysis of development, identifies the inequality and deprivation in different areas, then prioritizes the necessary measures to improve the living standards. This study, using 41 different indicators in infrastructure, economical, health-medical, cultural-social and service dimensions, and applying them into Moris and Taxonomy Models, also Changes Coefficient Model for identifying the disparity of indexes; has analyzed the spatial inequality of rural development between the 7 districts of Sahne township in 2011. Results of both models have shown different level of development in districts, and placing them at different levels, so that in both models, Gamasyab district with development Coefficient of 66.60 in Moris Model, and 20.19 in Taxonomy Model, as well as Hor district with Coefficient of development of 20.99 in Moris Model and 87.11 in Taxonomy Model, respectively, show the highest and lowest degree of development. Meanwhile, cultural and Social Indicators with 42.67, and economic indicators with 53.03 score, acquired the lowest and highest variation coefficient. Difference in development coefficient of indicators, proves difference in the level of district development in term of indicators and the necessity to take appropriate approaches to moderate these inequalities. Also, the correlation coefficient between population and number of inhabited villages, with the development coefficients, respectively obtained 0.509 and -0.07, indicating a strong positive correlation between population and District development of districts.

Nowadays, uncontrolled land use changing is one of the major challenge of the agricultural section of Iran, Hence, a big part of agricultural lands and also forest lands turned out of production cycle and natural resource. The research method applied in this study was descriptive-analytical and which analyzed Physical and political variables as effecting factors on land use changing. The results obtained from the satellite pictures during from nineteen seventy-seven to Two thousand and fifteen indicated that, forest lands decreased from thirty eight percent to three percent. While the surface area of construction increased from six percent to eighteen percent. As well, political factors was more efficient from social factors. . Poor encounter with law breakers, Administrative weakness in informing the owners of agricultural land, Lack of government monitoring, Corruption and bands playing between some staff were the mail factor that influenced land use change. in the end we assume some proposition for land use extreme change problems.

Most of the old neighborhoods in Isfahan enjoyed a significant identity, but exogenous growth of the city, the injection of multiple functions in different parts, also its development; caused many problems to these parts. And today there are some neighborhoods just different in their names, not in any other significant feature. This incorrect procedure and defective actions, have bred such a situation in which, the traditional characteristics and values -such as neighbouring relations, peace, etc- of the new urban contexts have been faded. But our issue is whether this identity makes the neighborhood's resident more satisfied or not? And how the identity of a traditional neighborhoods affects its people's satisfaction? The aim of this study was to determine the effects of neighborhood identity on Resident's Satisfaction of their Living Environment, and the relationship between these two. Therefore, the influence of identity factors on the resident's Satisfaction of living environment in "Ali Gholi Agha" –as an identified quarterand "Vali Asr" neighborhood -as a new quarter- is surveyed, then been compared. For this purpose, a library study, survey and questionnaire methods were used. It benefited from Cochran's method for calculating sample size (126 samples), while sampling was random, and data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. Results indicate high level of resident's satisfaction of living environment in the new quarter, but higher sense of attachment in residents of "Ali Gholi Agha" neighborhood, due to the presence of indigenous inhabitants and having a historical identity. So, having a historical identity, does not lead to resident's satisfaction by itself.

Increasing urban growth, increasing population growth and increasing urban migration have doubled the need for informed guidance and spatial organization. On the other hand, urban development prediction is essential for planning and providing the necessary facilities for the future growth of the city. The present study aims at evaluating the changes in the land of Chabahar during the years 1991 to 2014, then, predicting these changes until 2041. Research method is descriptive-analytic. Landsat satellite images for the years 1991, 2001, and 2015 have been analyzed. For data analysis, ARC & GIS, ENVI and IDRISI software were used. And the prediction of user variations until 2041, has been shown using CA and Markov chain models. Results of the prediction show that body expansion of the leads to the compression. From 1991 to 2001, an average of 43.5 hectares per year; and from 2001 to 2014 (during 13 years) 59.5 hectares of expansion are showed. And on the horizon of 2041 it will reach about 28.7 hectares per year.

Indigenous urban development policies , three policies on urban development that can meet the needs of many people, including population and housing overflow Capitation improve municipal services and as long as there is capacity in the use of other urban development policies , the imposition of additional costs environment. Despite Maragheh City internal development capacities, regardless of physical barriers to growth continues to spread like that is a waste of money and creates an unstable environment. Which requires informed guidance and basic organization. Therefore, the present study is a percentage of up to Understanding the Barriers to Physical Development of Maragheh City in coping with the Dispersion of the City the city and the revitalization of the old and old city center to create sustainable urban development, Necessitates the planning of the internal development of Maragheh city. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical with a purposeful purpose. To evaluate the indicators for determining the appropriate areas of urban development, The ANP model is used in a GIS-integrated approach.The results show that : Factors affecting the development of the inner city of Maragheh, the average of 85 Percent, building density, The average occupancy level of 61 percent, gardens and green space destroyed during the 13 years between 1995 to 2015, 1,859,273 square meters, equivalent to 185.92 hectares, Distribution of 25/89 percent compatibility of applications fully compatible, 57.1 of residential buildings with a lot of resistance dating Less, and 56.1 of residential buildings are of poor quality, However, the overall per capita is equal to 27.88 square meters of roads per lane at a high level, but the proportion required between the various functions there. Old and historical city of Maragheh traditional context dominated by residential users and the streets are narrow and winding stairs. The results obtained suggest that the city of Maragheh conditions and capacity for endogenous development, the renovation of old buildings and the creation of high-density, mixed use and residential - have better access to services.