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Clinical and Basic Research - Volume:1 Issue: 4, Autumn 2017

Journal of Clinical and Basic Research
Volume:1 Issue: 4, Autumn 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/10/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
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  • Mahdi Arab Zoozani, Ezzat Allah Ghaemi, Ailar Jamalli * Pages 1-8
    Introduction
    AmpC β-lactamases are among the most important cephalosporinases. Production of AmpC β-lactamase in microorganisms is often associated with multidrug resistance and limited treatment options. This study aimed to determine antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and frequency of AmpC β-lactamase genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections.
    Materials And Methods
    The study included 154 E. coli isolates from urine samples of patients in medical centers of Gorgan, Iran. Cefoxitin-resistance was evaluated by the Kirby-Bauer method. Cefoxitin-resistant strains were evaluated using cefoxitin disks alone and combined with boronic acid to confirm presence of AmpC β-lactamase. Presence of MOX gene was investigated by polymerase chain reaction.
    Results
    Among the 154 E. coli isolates, 37 (24%) were cefoxitin-resistant, 16 of which were found to be AmpC β-lactamase-positive in the phenotypic test. In addition, the MOX gene was found in two isolates.
    Conclusions
    The frequency of AmpC β-lactamase-producing E. coli and MOX gene in Gorgan is close to the regional and national average.
    Keywords: Escherichia coli, urinary tract infection, AmpC ?-lactamase
  • Mohsen Hoseinian, Durdi Qujeq *, Alijan Ahmadiahangar Pages 9-12
    Introduction

    In this study, we evaluated serum levels of uric acid, nitrite-nitrate and glucose in ischemic stroke patients.

    Materials And Methods

    The study was performed on 60 ischemic stroke patients admitted to the Rouhani Hospital in Babol and 60 healthy volunteers as controls. The subjects were matched in terms of age and gender. Uric acid and glucose levels were measured with standard biochemical kits. Level of nitrite-nitrate was evaluated by the Griess method. Data were analyzed with SPSS (version 19).

    Results

    Serum uric acid, glucose and nitrite-nitrate levels were higher in ischemic stroke patients compared to healthy controls. However, these differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).

    Conclusions

    Serum uric acid, glucose and nitrite-nitrate levels are higher in ischemic stroke patients compared to healthy controls. Therefore, these factors could be used as useful markers for identification of elderly subjects at risk of ischemic stroke.

    Keywords: Ischemic stroke, uric acid, glucose, nitrite-nitrate
  • Solmaz Halakou *, Fouzieh Bakhsha, Seyed Yaghoub Jafari, Zahra Yousefi, Mohammad Aryaee, Mohammad Reza Yousefi Pages 13-19
    Introduction
    Ensuring the clinical competencies of nurse anesthetists is an essential professional standard. The key and primary step in the assessment of nurse anesthesia educational programs is to understand the essential competencies from the perspective of anesthesia service providers in response to the community needs. This study aimed to determine the clinical competencies of nurse anesthetists for meeting the needs of the community.
    Materials And Methods
    This descriptive survey was based on the classical Delphi method. The study was conducted in three stages. In the first stage, 25 questions were prepared by a non-systematic literature review. In the second and third stages, a list of clinical competencies for nurse anesthetists was determined. For assessing the content validity, two indices of content validity ratio and content validity index were calculated. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) using descriptive statistics and consensus validity.
    Results
    After analyzing the data in the first stage, one item was removed from the 25 selected items, and 11 items were added to the initial checklist. The maximum and minimum coefficient of agreement was 100 and 0.54, respectively. The findings of the second stage showed that the percentage of agreement in 35 items was at least 70.7 and maximum 95.1. A competence from the education dimension was removed with a percentage of agreement of 0.59 and a total of 34 items were approved.
    Conclusions
    This study determined the clinical competencies of nurse anesthetists. The development of clinical competencies for these nurses could be the starting point for understating, analyzing and planning in order to improve the quality of services provided.
    Keywords: Competency, Nurse Anesthetists, Delphi Study
  • Abdullah Abbasi, Somayeh Azadfar, Gholamreza Roshandel, Roghieh Golsha, Mohammad Naeimi, Behnaz Khodabakhshi, Ali Bagheri, Naghimeh Hajimoradloo* Pages 20-25
    Introduction
    Animal bite is a public health problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate frequency of animal bites in Golestan province, northeast of Iran, between 2011 and 2012.
    Methods
    This descriptive cross-sectional study was done by collecting data from medical records of animal bite victims referred to the health centers in the Golestan province, in 2011-12. Information collected included species of animals, gender, age, occupation, location of residence, type of treatment, and type of injury. The data were analyzed by SPSS (version 16).
    Results
    Overall, there were 10,810 incidents of animal bites in the province in 2011-12. Of these cases, 8125 (75.48%) were men and most cases were 5-24 years of age. Dog bites accounted for 9885 (91.44%) cases of animal bites. Most incidents occurred in rural areas (82.27%). Most vulnerable individuals were students (n=2370, 21.92%) and homemakers (n=1722, 15.93%). The most common site of animal bites was lower limb (62.53%). Moreover, treatment with anti-rabies serum and vaccine was done for 9610 (89.9%) and 9068 (83.89%) cases, respectively.
    Conclusions
    According to our results, animal bites are more frequent in young men, residents of rural areas, and students. In addition, dog bites account for 91% of all cases of animal bites in the province. These results highlight the need for education programs on animal bites and rabies to increase knowledge and awareness of the individuals at risk.
    Keywords: Animal bite, Rabies, Epidemiology
  • Mohammad Aryaie, Danial Bagheri, Rahman Berdi Ozouni-Davaji *, Sima Mostafshar, Eftekhar Bolukat, Reza Khodabakhshi Pages 26-30
    Introduction
    Breast cancer and its treatment have notable adverse effects on patients’ body image, which could result in disability and psychological distress. Therefore, the present study investigated the association of anxiety, depression, and body image disorder with pain-related disability in post-mastectomy female breast cancer patients.
    Materials And Methods
    This cross-sectional study was conducted on 137 post-mastectomy female breast cancer patients referred to two hospitals in Tehran, in 2015. Demographic data were collected, and all subjects completed questionnaires for patients with cancer, pain disability index and hospital anxiety and depression scale. Validity and reliability of all questionnaires used in the study had been verified previously.
    Results
    There were significant inverse correlations between depression and body image (r=-0.24, P
    Conclusions
    Body image and anxiety are significantly correlated with pain-related disability. In addition, there is a significant correlation between body image and depression in post-mastectomy patients. Thus, anxiety and body image could be considered as risk factors of pain-related disability regardless of the treatment course and demographic variables. Identification of breast cancer patients with psychological disorders and disturbed body image seems beneficial for preventing pain-related disability after mastectomy.
    Keywords: Breast cancer, Mastectomy, Body Image, Mental health, Pain