نشریه مطالعات راهبردی بسیج
پیاپی 75 (تابستان 1396)

Considering the role and significance of jihadi management in the current sensitive situation, and decade of progress and justice, the development of a jihadi model based on the statements of the supreme leader as an Islamic-Iranian model of progress seems necessary. In the present study, attempts have been made to develop a pattern of jihadi management (comprehensive content) as an Islamic-Iranian model of progress. After studying and putting the statements of the Supreme Leader as the basis during the years 1990 to 2014, and referring to verses from the Holy Quran and excerpts from Nahj al-Balaghah, by applying the content analysis method and the formation of the content network along with his statements, the extractive concepts were developed in three dimensions of value-attitude, behavioral-functional, and management characteristics (organizing themes), with 39 basis themes. The findings of this study indicates that some of the most important components of the Islamic-Iranian model of development in terms of value-attitude dimension include foresight, realism, justice-orientedness, Velayat-madari4 ,religion-orientedness, people-orientedness and attention to ideals of the Islamic revolution. In the dimension of behavioral-functional aspects includes trust, humility and modesty, simplicity, happiness, sincerity and respect to the Islamic rituals, and ultimately in the dimension of directorial features includes the use of all capacities, the movement based on science and tact, group participation, patience and endurance, the use of dedicated and expert forces, planning, constructive communication, rule of law, prioritization, and empowering of employees.

Religious missions as one of the main pillars of soft power in the Islamic Republic of Iran have a major function that is development of Shiite and Ashura culture. Their secondary functions include cultural, religious, political, social, economic, military and artistic functions. This research has conducted to provide strategies for strengthening the functions of religious missions with approach to the promotion of soft power of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In terms of methodology this research is of applied. The statistical sample of the research is selected through a targeted sampling method of 60 people. A questionnaire is used for collecting information and the method of expert is used for data analysis. The assessment matrix of the missions’ situation (the space chart) represents a slight aggressive situation, and this situation will be intensified in the next five years. The results of the research revealed that by strengthening the content of mourning and the training of Maddah’s, speakers and those involved in missions, the existing opportunities and strengths must be fully exploited, and by explaining the importance of the issue, formation of deviations, misbehaviors and injuries must be prevented in religious missions.

The mental and psychological infrastructures of entrepreneurs underlie their successful or unsuccessful actions in the future of their work. But meanwhile students as individuals with potential business start-ups are no exception. This research aims to determine the factors affecting the attitude toward business among Basiji students. The research method is descriptive and data collection method is a survey method. A researcher-made questionnaire was utilized for collecting data among Basiji students in Tehran universities. The results indicate that according to the hypothesis test, the impact of all 10 factors on the attitude toward the business is confirmed. To determine the most significant factors, ranking was carried out using Fuzzy Group Topsis (FGTopsis) method. The results of the ranking indicate that the Revolutionary Guard’s supports from the culture of entrepreneurship, the history of responsibility in Basij, the technical capabilities of the Basiji students, the growth and development of the entrepreneur's family and good social relations and interaction with others are 5 more important factors.

The most significant characteristic mentioned for the resistance economy is the resilience of the economy. Economic Resilience is a relatively new concept in economic researches, which needs to be conceptualized and analyzed for indexing and measuring. By applying the content analysis method, this article examines the existing definitions and internal and external researches, and ultimately describes the concept of economic Resilience and its dimensions and components in detail. Accordingly, economic Resilience can be defined as "the capacity or ability of the economy to achieve the desired goals in confronting with existing system uncertainties." Preparation for confrontation, resistance to negative consequences, rapid recovery after shocks and compatibility to new conditions are dimensions of

The general policies of the resistance economy presented by the Supreme Leader with a jihadi approach to provide growth and improvement of economic indicators in order to achieve the goals of the 20-year vision document. A closer look at paragraphs 3, 4, 6, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, and 19 of the general economic resistance policies along with the precise perception of the reality of Iranian economy, which suggests an increase in economic problems such as inflation and stagnation, emphasizes the importance and necessity of utilizing capacities and opportunities as well as scientific and strategic planning in the framework of announced policies. There is a hypothesis that economic sanctions have a significant impact on both inflation and unemployment. By applying the CIAO’s causality method, the causality relation of economic sanctions with inflationary stagnation during the period of 1996 to 2014 has been examined. For this reason, the Christiano-Fitzgerald filter (CF) for the extraction of cyclical component (fluctuating) of oil revenues has been used as an indicator of economic sanctions. The total rates of unemployment and inflation have been utilized as an indicator of inflationary stagnation. The results of the study reveal that there is a significant causal relationship between the fluctuating oil revenues and the inflationary recession in Iran. In other words, the fluctuation of oil revenues (as the main source of economic sanctions) triggers and intensifies a recession in Iran. Therefore, a special focus on decreasing the dependency on oil revenues as the main reason for the impact of economic sanctions and the most important weakness of the Iranian economy can effectively prevent the impact of economic sanctions and the occurrence of a recession.

Due to instability in foreign exchange earnings, the Iranian economy has encountered negative economic growth in recent years. For the above-mentioned reason, stability of foreign exchange earnings and diversification of exports has been one of the main policies of resistance economy. The present study uses data from the Customs House , Statistics Center and Central Bank for the period from 1992 to 2015, and applies two-stage least squares method to study the factors affecting export diversification with an emphasis on resistance economy. Results derived from model estimation show that the turmoil in the foreign exchange market, the ratio of non-governmental facilities and sanctions lead to reduction in export diversification, but foreign direct investment and GDP increase result in export diversification. Therefore, in order to achieve the goals of the resistance economy, reducing of the turmoil in the foreign exchange market, directing and providing of insurance coverage to innovative sectors, increasing of foreign direct investment, improving the quality of education and effective communication between universities and industry are essential and necessary.

In the present study, the conformity of petrochemical contracts with the general policies of resistance economy has been investigated. So, after stating concepts in the field of technology transfer and resistance economy by using a conventional content analysis method, several examples of petrochemical contracts were reviewed to determine the compatibility of these contracts with the principles of resistance economy. The results indicate that although some of the principles of resistance economy have been considered at different levels in the formation of contracts, but in order to conform more with these principles, more attention should be paid to certain requirements. For this purpose, areas in the contracts that are more affected by sanctions need to be carefully considered. Moreover, selecting the contract party must be in such a way that in addition to the ability of technology expansion, the stable relationship between the parties, domestication and transfer of technology into the country, through the development of external communications being possible. In order to reduce negotiation costs and bargaining chances, it is better to use companies that are active in both the upstream and downstream petrochemical sectors to ensure the integrity of technology transfer in upstream and downstream industries to form completion of the value chain. In order to ensure the sustainability of technological partnerships, reduce vulnerability and increase the strength of the resistance, the interests of the other party must also be involved in the contract which is possible through joint ventures.