نشریه مطالعات ادبی متون اسلامی
پیاپی 7 (پاییز 1396)

Ashura event is one of the enduring scenes among the pages of history, and Imam Hussein, as its hero and the symbol of resistance, has attracted the heart of anybody from any language and nation and immortalized it by being uttered by people of virtuosity and literature. Saeed Asili, a Shiite poet, and George Chakour, a Christian poet, both from Lebanon, are among those resistance poets who have depicted the Ashura event in poetic form by studying the historical sources and Islamic events. The present study attempts to examine the narrative poetry of Imam Hussein in Saeed Asili’s “ the Epic of Karbala” and George Chakour’s “ the Epic of Hussein” through a comparative approach and a descriptive-analytical method. Analyzing the poems of these two poets indicates that the links between Imam Hussein’s epic and the resistance literature of contemporary Lebanon account for their common interest in composing Imam Hussein’s history, and the religious differences have not influenced their point of views. Rather, they both combine history with their own emotions to describe the Ashura day, and acknowledge Imam Hussein as the symbol of resistance by pointing to the issue of resistance.

Discourse analysis as an approach to explore how current linguistics scholar and his thinking influenced by situation; since it refer to external factors beyond its constituent lexical elements of the text, the situational context, cultural and social... . In the analysis of literary discourse ,textual context and situational context is analyzed. Battle of Siffin is one of the most important events in the history of Islam that Imam Ali (AS) according to location and conditions of the people in time of war or after it, in Nahj al-Balagha directly explained it.
The present study with descriptive and analytical methods in the context of literary discourse analysis to examine the words of Imam Ali (as) in the battle of Siffin's expression; The results of the application is that Imam Ali(AS) has finally oratory in a unique masterpiece, a perfect balance between content and of words of the situation context . The balance is greatest impact on the audience and the best example of the literary discourse.

Tale (story) is very old in culture and human concepts transmission. This genre is considered to be the most agreeable verbal form with human mind which is of a multiplied influence and that is why most of the bibles have tried to state it’s messages in the form of tale. Since the holy Quran’s tales posses the features of modern stories, it has opened a new way to compare and analyze new critical theories. One of these ways is studying tales based on character’s actions and their function according to Vladimir Prop.
The present research studies the function and actions and characters of the story (tale) of Jesus Christ in Tabari’s interpretation (Tafsir e Tabari) based on Vladimir Prop’s theories using descriptive – analytic Method. In order to reach a better conclusion, the tale is divided into three parts and the characters and actions have been analyzed I each part separately. The findings show that this taleis in agreement with the pattern of fairy’s tales presented by Vladimir with some changes in actions (function) of the story characters because from thirty one function of fairy’s tale we can observe twenty one among the five characters of the tale of Jesus Christ (peace be upon him). In addition the first a second movements from the Prop’s six movements are observable in this tale.

Resistance literature is one of literary genre which place valuable concepts and believing on it. The most important characteristics of this branch of literature is inviting to uprising, perseverance and dedication, patience in the face of difficulties, and oppression against cruelty and tyranny. Innocent Imams as vanguard of freedom, have a profound effect on resistance literature that we can observe it in the poem of Shiite poets. Imam Reza, was an excellence example of struggle against oppression and tyranny of rulers. This research seeks to investigate and analyze the components and manifestations of resistance literature affected Imam Reza conversation in the poem of Shiite poets. Research results of this study showed that the theme of resistance literature such as migration, calling for jihad and resistance, expecting a savior, death and injury, suffered from exile and alienation, is derived from Razavi (Imam Reza) culture which has been emerged in literature and the poem of Shiite poets.

One of the rhetorical techniques of writing & eloquence is to begin the speech very well. In Arabic Rhetoric, rhetorical figure is known as “Foreselling” or “Bara’ate Mottale”. This essay has been dedicated to the foretelling in Amir Al Mu’minin sermons -the prince of faithful (PBUH) - , since the speaker’s skill in the modes of expression is one of factors enhancing the literary rhetorical beauty of speech.
In order to show some of the verbal skills of Imam Ali (PBUH) based on Foretelling Technique, the present reserach examines the ways of expressing at the beginning of 21 sermons.
First of all, the present study defines the rhetorical literary figure for foretelling in terms of lexical & idiomatic. While surveying the course of sermons for ignorance era to the end of Umayyed dynasty as well as expressing the eloquence’s rhetoric techniques, it investigates the aspects of such technique in Nahjolbalaghe Sermons by relying on an analytical-descriptive method.
The findings suggest that Imam (PBUH) has used the various methods including interjection, question, order, exclamation, genre & so on, at the beginning of the sermons. Such mode of expression influences the attraction & mental preparance of audience for understanding the original text as well as avoiding his boredom.

Triumph of Islamic revolution and rivalry in sacred resistance shifted basically the structure and content of Persian poetry. There are some tendencies as the desire for martyrdom, meta-fiction view to the secular affairs, perfectionism by sacrificing the self, and the poets’ nostalgia regarding to wartime. It also caused the mystical motifs- which neglected in recent poetry of Constitutional Revolution and Pre-Islamic Revolution periods- to be renewed in new structure relating to religious and epic themes. The best usage of such motifs is illustrated in Ghazals in which its couplets have an organic unity in vertical and horizontal sides. This research is to analyze the literary mystical elements which cited in the narrative Ghazals on sacred resistance. It also caused the mystical motifs- which neglected in recent poetry of Constitutional Revolution and Pre-Islamic Revolution periods- to be renewed in new structure relating to religious and epic themes.

in the context of the Holy Quran, the root of "khald / Kholood" in a detailed description is used as an equivalent of 'human immortality in the sequence of space and time of the other world.
A lot of valuable researches have been conducted about Quran essential lexical terms but the lack of a unique research about “immortality “is observed so the present study tries to review its semantic relationship with other Quran essential terms including "piety" and "belief", "life" and "death", "permanency" and "deterioration", "durability", and "eternity", "heaven" and "hell". This study also aims to reveal the various meanings of immortality and its time and space referents.
The final result of the present study indicates three different pictures of "immortality" in the Holy Quran including conditional immortality, unconditional immortality and Torah physical immortality.
A review of the meanings of immortality in the Holy Quran reveals that it has a semantic association and relationship with both “durability “ and “eternity’ terms as its time referents and also it has a semantic association with “faith”, ”piety” and “life”.
On the other hand immortality is in association and sequence with “paradise”, “Gardens of Eden”, “ Gardens of Nuaim” as space referents based on positive immortality and also it is in association and sequence with «Hell», «Geheim», »Fire», «Hotameh», «Saier» and …. as space referents based on negative immortality. So that each one of these semantic groups in relation to the paradise or Hell is in contradiction to its opposite group.