فهرست مطالب

Modern Care Journal - Volume:15 Issue: 1, Jan 2018

Modern Care Journal
Volume:15 Issue: 1, Jan 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/01/06
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Farzaneh Rahimi *, Shadi Goli, Narges Soltani, Habibolah Rezaei, Zahra Amouzeshi Page 1
    Context: Labor is among the most painful events in females’ lives. Labor pain (LP) is alleviated using both pharmacological and non - pharmacological methods. The current study aimed at reviewing clinical trials in Iran as well as other countries on the effects of acupressure, aromatherapy, and massage therapy on LP.
    Evidence Acquisition: In the current review study, online databases such as SID, Iranmedex, Magiran, IranDoc, Cochrane library, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched to retrieve studies published before 2017 in Persian or English language.
    Search keywords were labor pain, acupressure, aromatherapy, and massage as well as their Persian equivalents. Retrieved clinical trials were appraised using the Jadad checklist. Data were analyzed qualitatively.
    Results
    In total, 46 clinical trials were enrolled. Most studies reported the positive effects of acupressure, aromatherapy, and massage therapy on labor pain. The most frequently used therapies were aromatherapy with lavender essential oil and acupressure on the LI4 and SP6 points.
    Conclusions
    Acupressure, aromatherapy, and massage therapy were effective in alleviating labor pain. These techniques are mostly safe without serious side effects for parturient females and their babies. Therefore, they can be used to alleviate labor pain.
    Keywords: Labor Pain, Complementary Therapy, Acupressure, Aromatherapy, Massage
  • Marzie Rafiee, Zahra Kiani, Seyyed Ali Moezi, Gholam Hossein Mahmoudi Rad * Page 2
    Background And Objectives
    Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) experience different levels of anxiety during their hospital stay. Untreated anxiety among these patients can increase the risk of further cardiac events. The current study aimed at comparing the effects of lavender, valerian, and oxazepam on anxiety among hospitalized patients with CAD.
    Methods
    As a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial, the current study was conducted in 2016 on 120 patients with CAD hospitalized in the cardiac care unit (CCU) of Valiasr (PBUH) Hospital, Birjand, Iran. Patients were conveniently recruited and randomly allocated to 30-patient lavender, valerian, oxazepam, and placebo groups using the permuted-block randomization method. Patients in these groups orally received 80 mg of lavender essential oil, 400 mg of valerian essential oil, a 10-mg oxazepam tablet, and 5 mL of distilled water, respectively, 1 hour before bedtime in 3 consecutive nights. Data were collected before and after the intervention via a demographic questionnaire and the Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 21.0 based on descriptive statistics measures (such as mean, standard deviation, and frequency distributions) using inferential statistics (such as the Chi-square test, the paired-samples t test, the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey range test). The level of significance was set to
    Results
    There were no significant differences among the groups in terms of the pretest mean scores of total, state, and trait anxiety (P > 0.05). However, the mean score of total anxiety significantly decreased in all groups, with the greatest decrease in the lavender group, followed by the valerian, oxazepam, and placebo groups (P
    Conclusions
    Oral intake of lavender and valerian essential oils was as effective as oxazepam in alleviating anxiety among patients with coronary artery disease. Of course, the anxiolytic effects of lavender were stronger than those of valerian. These medicinal plants can be good substitutes for chemical anxiolytic medications. Of course, further studies are needed to produce more reliable evidence in this realm.
    Keywords: Anxiety, Lavender, Valerian, Oxazepam, Placebo, Coronary Artery Disease
  • Zahra Unesi, Samaneh Nakhaee *, Zahra Amouzeshi, Mohammadreza Jamavar Page 3
    Background And Objectives
    Rabies is among the oldest known zoonoses. It has a high mortality rate, particularly in developing countries and in rural areas. Rabies prevention and management necessitates adequate information about public rabies-related knowledge and behavior. The present study was done to assess rabies-related knowledge, attitudes, and practice among nomads in South Khorasan province, Iran.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2015 on 318 nomads. Sampling was done through multi-stage sampling. A researcher-made 36-item instrument was used for data collection. The data were entered in the SPSS software (v. 16) and analyzed through the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman correlation analysis, at a significance level of less than 0.05.
    Results
    A large number of participants had limited knowledge (139 cases; 43.4%), negative attitudes (139 cases; 42.9%), and moderate-level practice (183 cases; 57.5%) regarding rabies. There were significant positive correlations between knowledge and attitudes (r = 0.58; P
    Conclusions
    This study showed that most nomads in South Khorasan had poor rabies-related knowledge, attitudes, and practice. Therefore, educational strategies are needed to improve their rabies-related knowledge, attitude, and practice, in order to prevent rabies.
    Keywords: Rabies, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Nomads
  • Reza Mohammadpourhodki, Mozhgan Rahnama *, Abdolghani Abdollahimohammad, Aziz Shashraki Vahed, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Hosein Shahdadi Page 4
    Background And Objectives
    Following a doctor’s orders in regards to diet and activity is very important for patients with myocardial infarction. Self-efficacy is an important tool for active participation in treatment and change in behavior. Thus, this study aims to compare the effects of nursing education and peer education on cardiac self-efficacy in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
    Methods
    The present study is a randomized clinical trial (RCT) performed on 60 patients with acute myocardial infarction. These patients were randomly divided into 2 groups of control (nurse education) and interaction (peer education). The cardiac self-efficacy rate in the two groups was investigated by filling out the cardiac self-efficacy questionnaire after the intervention (3 days after a heart attack) as well as 5 days and 4 weeks after the heart attack. Data was analyzed using independent t-test, chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and RM-ANOVA.
    Results
    A significant difference was found in self-efficacy between the nursing routine education and peer education after the intervention (P ≤ 0.004). The results of this study showed that patients who have received peer education had higher self-efficacy compared to patients who received nursing education.
    Conclusions
    Considering the shortage of nurses in hospitals, it is recommended that it is better to use this training method instead of the training of nurses.
    Keywords: Peer Education, Nursing Education, Self, Efficacy, Myocardial Infarction
  • Mohammad Ghasemi, Marziye Hadian, Hadis Sotoudeh Gagasari, Hakimeh Malaki Moghadam* Page 5
    Background
    Health and security are among primary rights of each society, whose securement falls upon the government. The family physician is responsible for providing comprehensive and high-quality services according to the necessities of the population in order to maintain and promote physical and mental health. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the satisfaction of the recipients of the family physician services provided throughout the cities of Birjand and Khusf, Iran.
    Methods
    For the purpose of this cross-sectional study, 218 service recipients were randomly selected from 12 health centers of Birjand and Khusf using an appropriate allocation method, and standard questionnaires were distributed amongst the individuals. The data were analyzed using multiple analysis of variance (multiple ANOVA), t-tests (or Mann-Whitney tests), and ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis) with an error coeffection of 5% through the application of the SPSS (v. 18) software.
    Results
    Males made up 38.2% of the study samples, and 77.2% were residents of rural regions with health centers. The overall consent score with the family physician services provided was 3.58 ± 0.66 (out of 5). The results of multiple ANOVA indicated that gender, age, and residency in rural areas with health centers had significant effects on the overall satisfaction of the service recipients.
    Conclusions
    The recipients of the family physician services were, in general, satisfied with the offered services of the program. However, the program requires further quality improvements with regards to the facilities and the effectiveness of services.
    Keywords: Family Physician, Satisfaction, Service Recipients
  • Shiva Baradaran Bazaz *, Qasem Yaghobi Hasankala, Ali Asghar Shojaee, Zahra Unesi Page 6
    Background And Objectives
    Social development and emotional intelligence prepare children for school and life. Group games can promote social development and emotional intelligence. The current study aimed at assessing the effects of traditional games on preschool children’s social development and emotional intelligence.
    Methods
    As a 2 - group, pretest - posttest, randomized, controlled trial, the current study was conducted in 2016 on 50 preschool children. Children were selected through cluster sampling from kindergartens in Birjand, Iran, and randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, children attended sixteen 30 - 45-minute traditional game sessions held twice weekly in 8 successive weeks, while children in the control group played routine games in the same period. To collect data, the Vineland social maturity scale and the Bradberry - Greaves emotional intelligence test were completed for all participants both before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 16.0 by running the Chi - square, the paired - samples t, and the independent-samples t tests as well as the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) at a significance level of
    Results
    Before the intervention, there were no significant differences between the groups respecting the mean scores of social development and emotional intelligence (P > 0.05). However, after the intervention, the mean scores of social development and emotional intelligence were significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group (P
    Conclusions
    Traditional games are effective in improving preschool children’s social development and emotional intelligence. Parents need to be informed about the positive effects of traditional games and should be encouraged to provide their children with the opportunity to play such games.
    Keywords: Traditional Games, Social Development, Emotional Intelligence, Preschool Children
  • Thayebeh Khazaii, Fatemeh Taheri *, Seyed Mahmood Hosseini, Zahra Parhiz, Somayeh Namdari Page 7
    Background And Objectives
    Hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) causes mothers high levels of stress and endangers maternal and infantile health. The current study aimed at examining the effects of preterm infant care education on stress among the mothers of such infants hospitalized in NICU.
    Methods
    The current randomized, controlled trial was conducted in 2017 on a convenience sample of mothers whose preterm infants were hospitalized in the NICU of Vali - e - Asr teaching Hospital, Birjand, Iran. Mothers were randomly assigned to either the control or experimental group through the drawing method. Mothers in the experimental group received preterm infant care education plus routine care services, while their counterparts in the control group only received the routine care services. All of them completed the parental stressor scale: NICU both before and 10 days after the intervention. For data analysis, the paired - samples t, the independent - samples t, the Mann - Whitney U, and the Wilcoxon tests were used with SPSS version 19.0.
    Results
    Ten days after the intervention, no significant intragroup differences were observed regarding the mean scores of the two domains of maternal stress; i e, infants’ appearance and behaviors and maternal relationships with infant (P > 0.05). However, the mean scores of maternal stress and its environmental domain in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P
    Conclusions
    Preterm infant care education to mothers significantly alleviated their stress. Educational hospital managers can improve maternal and infantile outcomes through facilitating maternal education about preterm infant care.
    Keywords: Education, Maternal Stress, Preterm Infant, Neonatal Intensive Care
  • Azar Pazhohan *, Monireh Rezaee Moradali, Nahideh Pazhohan, Ali Sadeghyanifar Page 8
    Background
    Obesity is a major risk factor of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), therefore, we aimed to determine which indicators of obesity can be used as predictors of GDM and also to study the association of maternal serum levels of triglycerides (TG) in early pregnancy to expression of GDM.
    Methods
    A total of 436 primigravida women, who attended public health centers in 6 - 10 weeks of gestation, were prospectively followed until 24 - 28 weeks of gestation to control the expression of GDM. The indicators of abdominal obesity and the serum concentration of TG were measured at 6-10 weeks of gestation. All participants underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as a routine test at 24 - 28 weeks.
    Results
    The incidence of GDM among our participants was 9.6%. The serum concentration of TG in 16.5% of them was more than 199 mg\dL. The majority of participants (62.8%) had a body mass index (BMI) more than its normal range. Waist circumference (WC) in the majority (84.4%) was 80 - 95.9 cm. The mean (SD) waist to height ratio (WHtR) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were 0.58 (0.05) and 0.84 (0.06), respectively. WC, WHtR, WHR, BMI, and the serum levels of TG in early pregnancy are associated with the expression of GDM.
    Conclusions
    Abdominal obesity and serum levels of TG can be used as early predictors of GDM. Strategies consisted of monitoring of TG levels in women planning for pregnancy as well as training obese and overweight women to modify their lifestyle in the means of decreasing the body fat mass can help to partially prevent GDM.
    Keywords: Serum Triglycerides, Obesity, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus