Iranian Journal of Health Sciences
Volume:6 Issue: 2, Spring 2018

The prevalence of type 1 diabetes in all countries throughout the world is different. In this study, an introduction is, therefore, provided for the development of type 1 diabetes in children in Mazandaran province by using all available resources.
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the prevalence of patients with initial diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus, aging from 6 months to 18 years, was located through contacting and referring to all organizations of insurers and doctors or experts in children endocrinologist and adolescent diseases in Mazandaran province.
289 patients with type 1 diabetes were identified, 138 of whom were male (47.8%), and 151 were women (52.2%) with an overall prevalence of 0.04%, and the rate of this prevalence was 48 cases among 100000 people (50 cases among 100000 girls and 36 cases among 100000 boys). The mean age of the patients was 11.5 years old. In the study of delivery method, 180 patients (62.3%) were diagnosed with cesarean section, and 109 (37.7%) were born through natural delivery method. The mean age of onset of diabetes was 7 years. The minimum and maximum ages were 7 months and 18 years, respectively. 97 (33.6%) of the patients were also hospitalized for the first time due to ketoacidosis, and were diagnosed with diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes in Mazandaran province was more prevalent than the similar study in southern Iran and neighboring countries. It is essential to pay greater attention to this disease through studying it in the other parts of the country.

Background and This paper presents a case study in simulation of process governing leachate occurrence and subsequent transport, and investigates its migration away from the landfill to control environmental adverse effects on a deep aquifer.
The landfill examined in this study was an area of 240 ha and received 500 ton/day of solid waste generated from Hamedan and its surrounding including Bahar, and Jurghan. Based on the finite difference technique, leachate transport and penetration into the Hamedan plain aquifer was simulated exerting MODFLOW and MT3DMS codes in GMS Software.
It was concluded that landfill geological structure had the greatest influence on the transfer of urban solid waste leachate in traditional disposal sites. A low permeable conglomerate layer prohibited leachate migration to the main semi-confined aquifer. The results also indicated that urban solid waste leachate was only excited to migrate toward recharging waterways of aquifer by surface flows flooding as well as severe rainfalls.
Geological structure of the landfill area had the greatest influence on the development of leachate pollution of municipal solid waste in traditional disposal sites. The spread of pollution to the deep aquifer near the waste disposal site was practically inhibited by an impermeable conglomerate layer in the municipal waste disposal.

Background and Addiction is regarded as a disorder of brain function. The current paper aimed at investigating the substance use disorders characteristics among elderly people.
In this descriptive-correlation study, 200 elderlies referred to Amol Addiction Treatment Clinics were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The data collection tool was the demographic questionnaire, and alcohol, smoking, and substance involvement screening test (ASSIST) developed by the WHO. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential tests, such as independent t-test and ANOVA using SPSS Software (V.21).
All study sample elders (100%) consumed opioids, 65% tobacco products, 31% alcoholic beverages, and 26.5% sedatives or sleeping pills. There was a significant correlation between mean of tobacco products consumption and gender (P=0.001), income (P=0.030), and job (P Recognition of factors affecting substance use disorders among older people seems necessary.

Background and The concepts of work and life have the strongest and most effective relationship with individuals and society, and making a balance between them can have a direct impact on the achievement of organizational goals. The purpose of this study was to compare the relationship between quality of public life and quality dedicated to working life in the presence of the mediator role of work conflict.
This applied study was conducted by implementing a descriptive-analytical method in 2017. The study population consisted of 351 working women in the health sector of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, who were selected using stratified sampling method. The survey tool was a standard questionnaire which was used to collect the data, and then the collected data was analyzed by SPSS 24 and AMOS 22.
The relationship between quality of public life and quality dedicated to work life in the job groups of women’s healthcare providers (P=0.0009,t=3.592), nurses and midwive's job group (P=0.009,t=2.595), and women’s technician/health expert working in health sector was significant (P=0.002, t=3.104). Whereas, there was no significant difference between the average quality of public life (P=0.117, F=1.788) and the quality dedicated to working life among the employees with different job titles (P=0.592, F=0.742). At the same time, the average of work conflicts was significantly different among different occupations (p = 0.009, F=3.152).
The results showed that the relationship between quality of public life and the quality dedicated to work life varies from one job group to another. As a result, with proper planning aiming at increasing the quality of public life, an increase in the quality dedicated to work life and a reduction in their work conflicts can be seen.

Background and Radio Frequency Identification technology (RFID) is a beneficial tool in providing diagnostic and treatment services in the healthcare domain.This study aims to investigate awareness, attitudes, and skills of medical private and public laboratory the staff in implementing RFID.
The present study was a cross-sectional study conducted based on the descriptive-applied approach in private and public medical laboratories in Shiraz in 2017. The population size of this study included all laboratories’ staff that involved technicians, technologists, and technical supervisors. 147 staffs were then assigned through census. Data was collected using a researcher-made checklist, and its validity and reliability were assessed and approved. The collected data was then analysed in a significance level of 0.05 using descriptive statistics and t-test, ANOVA ,and Pearson correlation test in SPSS23.
Findings showed that the mean awareness, attitude and skill scores of participants were 3.13±0.91, 4.09 ± 0.38 and 2.39±0.65, respectively. In this regard, the staff awareness and attitude scores labelled good, and their skill score labelled medium. Also, almost all participants had a positive attitude toward executing RFID, and there was documented a significant direct association between the staff knowledge, attitudes, and skills dimensions.
Considering the inchoate RFID technology and its limited usage, the staff RFID skills needed improvement. Therefore, the results suggested that the necessary training followed by implementing RFID technology should have received a high-level priority on policymakers’ agenda.