فهرست مطالب

نشریه علوم و فنون منابع طبیعی
سال دوم شماره 1 (بهار 1386)

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1386/03/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • M. Rahmani *, M.R. Ansari, S. Molla Aghajanzadeh Page 1
    Rivers morphology and geometry are one of the main factors about time of concentration and pick discharge in watershed. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a technique to make morphology and geometry. DEM accuracy is very important to simulate flood hydrograph. This study has been done using Geographic Information System (Arc View/ HEC-GeoHMS) and HEC-HMS software in Kasilian watershed. In the first Step, hydrologic model of Kasilian watershed has been calibrated and evaluated using Digital Elevation Model(50 m) and 4 rain fall and flood events. Then, this model has been performed using DEM (10m) and evaluated flood event. The result of these hydrologic models was compared in terms of simulating flood hydrograph. The result showed that DEM accuracy is very important for simulating flood hydrograph.
    Keywords: Digital Elevation Model, Flood hydrograph, GIS, Kasilian Watershed
  • A. Mataji *, J. Eshagh Nimvari Page 11
    This study was done in oriental beech (Fagus orientalis) communities of Namkhaneh, Gorazbon and Chelir districts in Kheiroudkenar-Noshahr forests. The aim of the research was investigation on classifying the vegetation, recognition of ecological species groups and comparing different environmental conditions among them.
    Selective stratification sampling method was used to locate samples. One plot is sampled on each aspect in each community. Totally, 120 samples were selected in beech communities in the study area. The plot size was 400 m2 considering to Minimal area method. At each sample, floristic list and an estimate of percent cover and abundance of each vascular plant in separate strata were recorded with using of Braun-Blanquet scale. At the center of samples, two soil samples were taken from 0-10 and10-30 cm layers of mineral soil. The physical and chemical soil properties in each sample were analyzed. Cluster analysis was used to classification of samples. Multi-response Permutation Procedures (MRPP) was used to test the hypothesis of no difference between groups in species space and also in environmental variables space. Tukey test was used to compare the environmental variables means among groups.
    The results showed that the distribution of ecological associated with Aspect, Clay, Total nitrogen, Organic matter, Phosphorous and exchangeable cations. There is no direct relationship between distribution of ecological groups and Elevation, slope, percentage of sand and silt, C/N ratio, pH, bulk density and porosity in the study area.
    Keywords: Beech, Ecological Species Groups, Site Classification, Soil Fertility
  • H. Mahdavi Rad, A. Moradmand Jalali, S. Esmaeil Pour Podeh Page 27
    In this study , the condition of zone regeneration investigated in Ashk forest plan in the end of period performance unit zone method and shelterwood. Begining of Ashk plan was in 1349.Inventory did in district 2 of regeneration zone in systemically with 3.3 intensity in circular plot that was in 10R. Species composition structure and stand biomass and increment in zone compared in beginning and end of plan during performance. This study indicated that this plan had been succeed in increasing percentage of beech composition forest structure has been multilayer uneven age irregular before shelterwood performance , but it changed structure uneven age with low volume and young after plan performance. Un successful in this plan in residual industrial volume and uneven age structure could be found in performance of incorrect and not exact of shelterwood system. Moreover, being livestock, high density of skid trail unknowing of forester and agents of utilization has been affected as well.
    Keywords: Unite zone, shelterwood system, regeneration, Ashk forest plan
  • A. Hoseinzadeh * Page 37
    In order to determine hygrothermal treatment and log diameter effects on end checks of hornbeam (carpinus betulus l.) logs, twenty seven hornbeam trees in three diameter classes ( 30 to 40, 40 to 50 and 50 to 60 cm ) were cut down at kheyroodkenar forest in Nowshahr. From each tree, one log by 260cm length was cut and sent to Neka plywood mill. peeling residual core after treatment, number and mean of End checks length and longest check relative factor were determined before and after hygrothermal treatment ( at three level of temperature, 40, 55 and 70 c ) and then data were statistically analyzed. The results have indicated that by increasing the hygrothermal treatment temperature, the mean checks length, longest check relative factor and log waste percent were increased. Furthermore, by increasing the diameter of logs, mean checks length increased and log waste percent decreased but longest check relative factor did,nt change.
    Keywords: Hornbeam, Hygrothermal Treatment, Mean checks length, Longest check Relative Factor, Peeling residual Core, Log Waste Percent
  • H. Resalati, H. Saheghifar * Page 51
    Deinking of waste money paper pulp showed that unlike the usual deinking method, short time treatment of this pulp with NaOH in 50C and in pH= 11-11.5 has a little effect on the ink removal from pulp. treatment of the pulp with 3% NaOH on dry pulp in 95 C with 1.5 hours treatment time causes ink hydrolysis and seprate it from pulp and then after this treatment , brightness increase up to 75 % iso. Deinking with flotation and washing methods on the pulp treated with 3% NaOH has a little effect on the brightness , this is means the treatment of the pulp with 3% NaOH with obove condition remove almost all ink from pulp. Bleaching of deinked pulp with H2O2 and NaCLO ( 1.5 % on the dry pulp ) increase brightness to 81.5 % and 84.5 % iso respectively.
    Keywords: Alkali treatment, Flotation, Washing, Bleaching
  • R. Vaysi *, V.T.Rezaie Page 59
    In this study, six samples were taken randomly from bamboo stem in Nowshahr Forest. from each stem , three disks with interval of L/3 of the stem length were separated . Samples were used to measure the Physical Properties and Fiber Biometry. The data were statically analyzed in the stem longitudinal directions. The experimental results show that the amount of oven dried density, basic density, shrinkage and swelling have increased toward middle disk in the stem longitudinal direction and then decreased. the higher of amount parameters is observed in the middle disk and the least in the lower disk of the bamboo stem. in that , the amounts of fiber length, diameter and EMC are increased in the longitudinal direction while the amount of porosity is declined towards the crown. the average amount oven dried density, basic density, shrinkage, poropsity, EMC, fiber length and runkel coefficient were calculated at 0.632, 0.594,21.28 ,57.83,15.28 ,1675 and 353.4 respectively.
    Keywords: Bamboo, Physical Properties, Fiber Biometry, Runkel Coefficient, Longitudinal Direction
  • T. Ahmadi, A. Kialashaky Page 73
    The traffic of Vehicles which use gasoline containing lead as fuel considered as a source of Pollutants for farms which are located in crosstown wayside of Nowshar and chalus Cities. In order to determine the rates of the exiting lead in Soils and Plants in these Waysides , the Sampling of them in different distances from the road was carried out , and the rates of the existing lead in the Samples was determined by international standard method and also by use of atomic absorption spectrophotometer (A.A.S) .The results indicate that the most Concentrations of lead are in Soils and Plants on waySids (distances less than 30 m) than longer distances (100 and 150 m) from the road . Significant the results show that there is significant difference in the rates of lead in leaves between kiwi and citrus gardens in different distances of roads with reliability of 99% and also there is meaningful differences between the rate of lead in kiwi and citrus gardens with reliability of 95%. there is a meaningful difference in the rate of lead between diffrent parts of rice stew with the reliability of 95% , while there is no meaningful difference in other organs. As the Soils and Plants of this region is polluted by lead and in view of the cultivation of Agriculture and garden product in polluted Soils of the crosstown Sideway of the mazandaran province , there could has been harmful consequences , so it is suggested that while using gasoline without lead for car , serious action must be taken for determination of limits of roads and for prevention of the cultivation of the Agricultural Plants in less than 30m of the roads .
    Keywords: Nowshar, chalus, Road, Plant, Soil, lead, Pollution
  • M., B. Pasha Zanousi *, M. Sam Daliris., M. Hejazi Page 87
    The correct management of valuable hereditary storage of plants is impossible without the study of ecological and chemical features of flora of every region. Hypericum preforatum L is a herbal plant which has different natural sites in northern and western regions of Iran. In this study, samples of Hypericum preforatum L at the same time, were collected from Zanous in Kojur and Nowshahr in fullbloom and the total Hypericin was measured by UV/Vis Spectrophotometry in wavelength of 590 nm after preparation and separation effective materials of the plant by solvent THF and water. The results of the study show that the total rate of Hypericin in Nowshahr is 12.8 percent more than that of Zanous in Kojur. This significant difference is due to factors like precipitation, altitude, light and temperature.
    Keywords: Hypericum preforatum L, Total Hyperici, Zanous, Kojor, Nowshahr