فصلنامه پرستاری سالمندان
سال چهارم شماره 1 (پاییز 1396)

Introduction and

The health and mobility of elderly people, especially women, is of great importance. High BMI is one of the most effective factors that can increase the biomechanical stresses on motor systems, which sometimes leads to functional disabilities.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of BMI on the musculoskeletal pain, the motor disability and the difficulty of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in elderly women.

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 elderly women in the two groups; high (> 25)and normal(between 18.5-24.9) BMI with seventy women in each group.Musculoskeletal pain, pain intensity, the difficulty of five ADL and the motor disability using Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire (OMPQ) were evaluated in both groups. Independent sample T-test and Pearson correlation test were used respectively to compare the variables between the two groups and determine the correlation between the variables.
Findings: The prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain was 57% in the high BMI group and 13% in the normal BMI group.Moreover, Ther were significant differences between the two groups in BMI (P =0.001), musculoskeletal pain history (P=0.001), the motor disability (P =0.001) and the difficulty of ADL (P =0.001). Also, there were positive correlations between high BMI and musculoskeletal pain (r = 0.83), the motor disability (r = 0.79) and the difficulty in ADL (r = 0.63).

The findings of this study support the fact that high BMI was significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain, increasing ADL difficulty and an enhanced motor disability.

Introduction and

Fatigue is one of the most common signs of aging that is often overlooked or linked to other conditions, but if left untreated, fatigue in the elderly can lead to loss of normal function.

Fourty elderly men with an average age of 69.71 ± 1.92 years were volunteered to participate in the control and practice groups. The experimental group participated in water exercise program for 10 weeks, three sessions per hour a week. In both groups, weight, body mass index, walking time to exhaustion and blood lactate levels were measured after extinction, before and after the measure was intended. The exercise protocol included a combination of isometric and isotonic exercises in water. The covariance test was used at a significant level of 0.05.

The results of paired t-test showed that 10 weeks of isometric and isotonic resistance training combination in water affects the level of elderly fatigue indexes. And resistance training had a significant effect on walking time improvement (p = 0.039) and blood lactate (p = 0.005) after walking to endurance level in the training group but this difference was not observed in the control group (P>0/05).

According to the results of this study, the use of isometric and isotonic resistance training in water can have a positive effect on fatigue indexes, especially on improving walking time and decreasing lactate levels in elderly people after walking to exhaustion, and it is suggested that due to good water benefits for Elderly, water resistance exercises will be on the agenda in trainers, experts and activists in the field.

Managing chronic diseases is related with the selection of appropriate coping methods. This study aimed to determine the effect of self-management program based on 5A model on coping strategies in the elderly men patients with hypertension.

This Clinical Trial study was performed in 60 elderly men clients with the age of 60-75 years Suffering from hypertension attending health centers to Ramsar city, Iran, in 2017. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of experimental (n= 30) and control (n= 30). From Jalowiece Coping Questionnaire (problem-focused and emotion-focused) were used to measure the clients coping styles before and after intervention.
The intervention of program based on 5A model consisted of group training and individual guidance. The clients were then followed up through phone call: within 12 weeks The data was analyzed using SPSS 19 and descriptive and analytical statistics.

The mean and standard deviation of age in the control and intervention groups were 67.55 ± 5.01 and 68.34 ± 5, respectively. Significant differences among experimental and control group regarding the rate of problem-focused coping strategies after the intervention (p=0/0001). In fact self-management program based on 5A model increased the client' rate of problem-focused coping strategies.

Appropriate coping methods can be promoted with systematic educational planning, continuous follow-up, with encouragement and motivation, in chronic patients, especially the elderly.

The most important factor in Aging period is the death anxiety. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between cognitive failures, flexibility and distortion with death anxiety among elderly in Ardabil.
Material and

In this descriptive study, 130 Elderly men were selected by available sampling method from all elderly men over 60 years old in Ardabil city, 2017. For data collection, the cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ), cognitive flexibility scale (CFI), cognitive distortion scale (ICDS) and death anxiety scale (DAS) were used. Research data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression methods.

The results showed a significant relationship between cognitive failures (r=0.62), cognitive flexibility (r=-0.57) and cognitive distortion (r=0.60) with death anxiety (p

From this study, it can be concluded that elderly with higher levels of cognitive failures and distortion have higher death anxiety.

Falling has a great importance among the elderlies. Even if no physical injury occurs, it can cause fear of falling down again and, consequently, reduce older adults’ activities. With regard to the prevalence of falling among older adults, its prevention is essential. Therefore, the present study was aimed to define the effect of need‑based education on prevention of older adults’ falling during their everyday instrumental life activities

This is a quasi-experimental study. Study population comprised all older adults, aged 60 years and over referring to health care centers in Isfahan in 2014. To collect data, 60 elderly people were selected through multi-stage random sampling. Data collection tool was Instrumental Activity of daily living Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 and Descriptive and inferential tests were analyzed.
Findings: Results showed a significant difference between mean of instrumental activity of daily living scores in intervention group before, immediately after and one month after intervention (10.9, 14.7, 14.5 ( . Meanwhile, there was no significant deference between the scores immediately after and one month after intervention. There was no significant difference, observed between three time points in control group (mean=11.1 (.

According to the results of the study Implementation of education concerning prevention of older adults’ falls led to improvement of their instrumental activity of daily living in intervention group. Therefore, it is recommended that health workers train the elderly curriculum to prevent the fall.

Diseases, physical and psychological problems are important issues in the field of aging that occur during this period. Diseases and health problems and facing the end of life and experience death anxiety cause of threatening the mental health of the elderly. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to predict the mental health of the elderly based on religious orientation and death anxiety in 2017.

The research method was survey and correlation type. The population consisted of all elderly in Hamedan. Sample size was estimated 146 people using Gpower software that 150 people were selected for study by available sampling method . For data collection, Allport and Ross religious orientation scale, Templar death anxiety scale and general health questionnaire were used. Research data were analyzed using pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression methods by SPSS 22 statistical software.

Findings in Pearson correlation showed that there was a significant and negative relationship between death anxiety and mental health (r = - 0.40, p

According to the findings of this study, the variables of intrinsic religious orientation and death anxiety can affect the mental health of the elderly. Therefore, considering the role of these variables in predicting mental health, the research results can provide valuable information to families and institutions associated with the elderly to improve the mental health of the them.

Introduction and

According to the past studies, balance dysfunction may increase the risk of injury and falling among elderly. Several studies have examined factors that influencing balance acuity; however, the impact of different hours of the day on performance of this function is unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2 different time of day on the accuracy of the static and dynamic balance among elderly men of Kerman.

15 elderly men with an average age of 68.09 ± 6.34 years old, height 171.23 ± 6.99 cm and weight 75.12 ± 10.54 based on inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study were selected between 60 participant as subjects of study. After they filled the chronotype questionnaire all of them were tested by stork test and time up/go test for static and dynamic variables evaluations at 2 different times of day(morning:7.30 and afternoon:17), and for comparing data variances in different times repeated measures ANOVA has been used.

Despite the different records at different times of day and also decreasing in afternoon balance grades, there was no statistically significant difference in static and dynamic balance in different times of day.

According to the results of this study, it appears that the accuracy of balance function of the elderly men with morning habitual chronotype is not affected by circadian rhythm, so, there are no differences in the risk of injury and falling among elderly men due to balance dysfunction while performing physical activities in different hours of day and night. but it is better for the elderly that pay attention more to extrinsic falling factor such as surface of walking track at the end of the day.

Introduction and

Physical fitness is important for health promotion, functional independence and falling prevention in elderly. Due to the unwillingness or inability of the elderly to do conventional exercises, designing the simple, safe and tolerable exercises for this population is essential. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of whole body vibration therapy exercise - in comparison with non-vibration exercises - on strength, flexibility and mobility in the inactive elderly.

In this Quasi-experimental research, 45 inactive male elderly (60-80 years old) were selected by available method and were divided randomly into 3 groups: control, whole body vibration exercise and non-vibration exercise. The protocol of both exercises included 6 weeks of knee dynamics squats - 3 sessions per week and 50 minutes each session. The vibration exercise group performed exercises on a vibratory platform with a frequency of 30-35 Hz and an amplitude of 5-8 mm. The no-vibration exercise group, did similar exercises but without using vibration. Strength, flexibility and mobility of participants were evaluated before and after the study period. Data analysis was done by ANOVA and paired t-test.
Findings: At the beginning of the study, there were no significant differences between the three groups in physical fitness indices (P>0.05). After interventions, significant differences were found in the elderly's physical fitness indices (with the exception of hand grip strength). The strength and flexibility of upper limb and explosive power were significantly higher in both training groups (without significant difference) compared to the control group (P

Based on the findings of this study, whole body vibration exercise can be recommended with regard to the possibility of improving functional fitness parameters, as an alternative exercise practice for the elderly who are not able to perform common resistance exercises due to motor constraints.