Shiraz Emedical Journal
Volume:19 Issue: 8, Aug 2018

Information technology is one of the most important issues in health systems. It has been developed in health sectors and is widely used by hospital managers. Identifying barriers in the use of hospital information systems can be the first step for better information management and better implementation of quality improvement and clinical governance plans.
The aim of this study is to investigate the barriers for the using of information systems in hospitals.
This is a qualitative study, which used content analysis for analyzing to achieve study objectives. Sampling was done using purposive and heterogeneous methods and data collection continued until data saturation. The researcher was referred to hospital managers to identify individuals who had the most information regarding health information systems to identify barriers of using information system.
Results of this study showed that challenges and barriers of information management and use of information systems are related to each other. Based on the results of this study the most important challenges of using information systems are knowledge factors.
Designing a comprehensive plan can eliminate barriers of using information systems because barriers and challenges are integrated and related to each other.

The purpose of this study was to explain Iranian women’s perceptions and experiences about barriers to and facilitators of physical activity (PA).
In this study, two focus group discussions and six personal interviews with women were performed. They were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and until data saturation was reached. Next, a directed content analysis method was used for data analysis.
Three main subthemes and 12 categories were developed as follow: ‘intrapersonal factors’, ‘interpersonal factors’, and ‘environmental factors associated with sports environment’.
The women cited numerous barriers to PA. They mostly believed that women did not set health as a priority in their life plan due to their multiple responsibilities and high levels of responsibility. They also acknowledged that each person should plan for PA despite all available barriers.

Patient no-show in scheduled appointments is a major challenge for outpatient clinics. It negatively affects the efficiency, accessibility, and delivery of healthcare. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and potential predictors of patient no-show in outpatient clinics of a general and teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran.
In this cross-sectional study, all outpatients who had scheduled appointments from March 20, 2016 to March 20, 2017 were included in the study (N = 148,077). Independent two-sample t-test and the Chi-square test were used for comparing the variables in the two groups-attending and no-show patients. Logistic regression was used to analyze predictors of no-show.
The no-show rate was 50.1%. General practice (80.3 %) and nephrology (40.1%) clinics had the highest and the lowest no-show rates, respectively. The mean lead time of appointments was 10.2 (± 14.7) days, while the average lead times for no-show and attending patients were 11.7 (± 15.6) and 8.8 (± 13.7) days respectively (P Findings indicate that appointment lead time is the main predictor of no show. Therefore, deploying strategies to reduce lead time, such as increasing the number of physicians, increasing working hours, or improving clinic efficiency can improve patient attendance. Other findings suggest that appointment reminders via text message, cancellation policy, and nurse-led telephone triage can be expected to decrease patients no-show.

Pain is a common and unavoidable phenomenon in childbirth, and in terms of severity, childbirth pain is among the most severe pains in human. The current study aimed at investigating the effect of localized heat and cold therapy on pain intensity, duration of phases of labor, and birth outcomes among primiparous females. Satisfaction was also compared in the two intervention groups. The current randomized, controlled trial was conducted on 120 primiparous females in three groups (heat/ cold therapy, and control) from September 2015 to January 2016. Intensity of pain, duration of phases of labor, and birth outcomes were measured before and after intervention in the three groups. Satisfaction with localized heat and cold therapy was compared in the two intervention groups. No intervention was conducted in the control group. Data were analyzed using the Fisher exact, Chi-square, the Kruskal-Wallis, and ANOVA tests with SPSS version 19. After intervention, statistically significant difference was found in the average pain severity respectively among the heat therapy, cold therapy, and control groups in dilations of 5 - 6 cm (3.25 ± 0.91, 3.57 ± 1.14, 4.00 ± 1.37) 7 - 8 cm (4.08 ± 0.91, 4.88 ± 1.05, 4.97 ± 1.17), and 9 - 10 cm (6.00 ± 1.35, 6.40 ± 1.09, 7.80 ± 1.18) in the first and second phase of the labor (6.22 ± 1.13, 7.37 ± 1.08, 7.94 ± 1.08). There was a statistically significant differences in the average duration of first phase of labor, respectively among heat therapy, cold therapy, and control groups (293.70 ± 68.97, 368.57 ± 79.82, 400.86 ± 77.43) and second phases of labor respectively among heat therapy, cold therapy, and control groups (42.85 ± 13.60, 51.71 ± 12.24, 46.85 ± 13.67), but there was no statistically significant difference among the three groups in terms of the average duration of labor in the third phase. No significant difference was observed between heat and cold therapy groups in terms of satisfaction. No significant difference was observed among the three groups in birth outcomes, including the mean first and fifth Apgar scores, time of cuddling newborn, and the first breastfeeding of newborn. Localized heat and cold therapy are non-pharmacological, non-invasive, satisfactory for the primiparous females, and effective methods to control and relieve pain during labor without adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcomes.

 5S is the name of a workplace organization method that uses a list of five Japanese words: seiri, seiton, seiso, siketsu, and shituke for improving the productivity of workplace. The Iranian police has designed a native model based on this view in 2012 and Shiraz metropolis police implemented this model in 2014.  This study aimed at evaluating the effect of the native model, based on 5S on the happiness of Shiraz metropolis police staff.  This was a comparative longitudinal study, which examined the effect of native model, derived from 5S, on happiness of police staff. This study examined happiness before implementation and after one year. Happiness was evaluated according to the Oxford version, which included 29 questions. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19 and Chi-square test and paired t-test was used to compare all variables, including the happiness scores.  Results showed that there was a significant association between the types of administration (P = 0.005), the main reason to work in Police force (P = 0.02), and income (P < 0.001). In addition, it was indicated that this model significantly changed the mean score of happiness (P < 0.001).  This study indicated that 5S promoted the happiness of police forces. The application of this model is recommended in other departments of the police force. Also, considering the national security, utilizing this model is recommended in other military institutions.

Despite the fact that menstruation is a normal physiological process, perimenstrual symptoms influence a significant proportion of women. There is little agreement among researchers on factors predicting perimenstrual symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between attitudes toward menstruation and perimenstrual symptoms among female students of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Northeast Iran. The current descriptive study was conducted on 300 female university students selected by the stratified random sampling method. The data were collected through an individual characteristics form (ICF), a menstruation attitude questionnaire (MAQ), and a menstrual distress questionnaire (MDQ). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 18. Descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. 76.6% of the female students agreed menstruation is a debilitating event, 49.6% agreed menstruation is a bothersome event, and 92% of participants perceived menstruation as a natural event. 89.7% of them agreed the onset of menstruation could be predicted and only 35.3% of them believed that mensturation has no negative effect on woman’s performance. Mood swings, cramps, and feeling sad or blue were the three most common symptoms during the premenstrual phase. Cramps, fatigue, and backache were the three most frequent symptoms during the menstrual phase. Fatigue, backache, and feeling sad or blue were the three most common symptoms during the reminder cycle phase. There were positive correlations between perimenstrual symptoms and all subscales of MAQ (except for the subscale “menstruation as a natural event”). According to the results of this study, menstrual attitudes in female university students are associated with their perimenstrual symptoms.