فصلنامه شیعه پژوهی
پیاپی 9 (زمستان 1395)

Phenomenon of fabricating hadith is one of damages which hadith faced in the first century especially during the era of Imam Sajjad (AS). This study, via descriptive - analytical method and through library documents, shows that obvious hostility of Moaviyeh and Omavi caliphs to the household of the Prophet, encouraging the government scholars to fabricate hadith, legitimizing the beliefs of theological sects, fabricating hadith to be rewarded by the caliphs and the activity of extremist and story tellers have been some of the reasons for spreading of the phenomenon of faked hadith in the first century. This matter left undesirable consequences in Islam. Some of them are as follows: destruction of personality and Sunnah of the Prophet and his household and scattering people from around their scholarly authority, causing heresy, prohibition of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil, emergence of deviant sects and many other consequences. Infallible Imams and their followers tried to purify Islamic religion from the perversity as much as time and conditions permitted. Imam Sajjad (AS) confronted this unpleasant religious phenomenon in different methods like: identifying the faked hadiths, Introducing of true personality of holy Prophet and reviving his Sunnah, clarification of the status of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil, clarification of the status of household of the Prophet and their features, confronting to the theological deviation caused by fabricated hadiths and revealing the true identity of the government scholars and what they had fabricated

The current study seeks to investigate the historical scholarly authority of the Imams particularly their jurisprudential authority. This article answers to the question that how the Imams proved their scholarly authority not only for the Shias but also for all Muslims. The short answer to this question would be; in spite of the government's pressure during the time of presence of Imams, they did well work to perform this duty. Two of their most important measures are reviving God`s book and prophet`s tradition and the interpretation of the principles and also answering the jurisprudential questions

The undistorted nature of the Quran is one of the beliefs that the scholars of Islam, whether Shia or Sunni, insist on and have defended in different ages by virtue of rational and narrative evidences. In the recent centuries, Wahhabism and Salafi-Jihadi groups affected by Wahhabi thought have tried to exclude Shiites from the circle of Islam. One of the reasons that Salafi-jihadists refer to for the Shiite Takfir is the issue of distortion of the Quran. They claim that the Shias believes in distortion of the Holy Quran, and the one who has this belief is infidel, while studies show that Shiite scholars, like Sunni scholars, not only regardthe Quran as undistorted but ,during centuries, have defended the Quran using rational and narrative arguments. In addition, there is a controversy among the Muslims about Takfir of the believers to distortion of the Quran

Numismatics has an important role in recognizing historical events; especially it plays an effective role in the enlightenment of religious history in different periods. The coins minted during Imam Reza's being Crown prince period are of the most important coins of the Islamic era. These coins were minted in the eastern regions of the Islamic State during 201 to 205 AH. The present descriptive-analytical study aims to investigate the coins of this period to introduce their feature and illustrate their historical information and consequently show the importance of Numismatics as an assisting science to history to know more about the events of Shiite history

One of the criteria for evaluating historical narrations, especially the history of the prophets, is "infallible status". Since, in the history of the prophets, historiography is not effective without considering the traditions; one can study the sources of historical narrations based on the narrative and religious principles and explore various aspects of the status of the prophets and the theological views in this field. Unlike Akhbaris, hadith-oriented ones focuses on other sources of the rules, such as intellect, and is far from the accusation that all the traditions of the Four Books are well-documented and criticizes the texts of narrations. The question is whether in hadith-orientation, the non-narrative criteria of critique (versus narrative ones), such as status of the infallible are also considered in the evaluation of narrations and what are their components?
In this research, using content analysis method and investigating Allamah Majlesi's sayings regarding the history of the prophets in Bihar Al-Anwar and other related sources, the functions of the status of the infallible in the view of the hadith-orientation have been identified considering such elements as being infallible, Satan's lack of domination on the prophets, illegality of relying anyone but God, impeccable creation, and purification of the prophet's parents

Arrival of Islam to Iran has always been of interest to scholars of Islamic history. The most important ways which have been investigated for such arrival have been the relationship between Muslims and Iran, the presence of some Iranians in Hijaz and the conquest of the land. This paper deals with the role of the Persian Gulf in arrival of Islam to northern areas of the Gulf and the spread of Islam in other regions to show whether the Persian Gulf has had any role in spread of Islam and whether it can be used as a second track to conquer other parts of Iran. This paper will study the arrival of Islam to Iran emphasizing the role of the Persian Gulf, investigating the first-hand sources and applying descriptive- analytical method to show that this area in Iran has been conquered prior to 28 AH and a groupof Arabs migrated to and resided in this area although not all of the residents have converted to Islam