نشریه توانمندسازی کودکان استثنایی
سال ششم شماره 2 (تابستان 1394)

The aim of this research was determining of the effectiveness of theory of mind training on the promotion of theory of mind levels in children with autism. design of research was experimental with pretest-posttest with control group. 8 children with autism were selected by convenience method sampling and then assigned in two experimental and control groups randomly (4 experimental, 4 control). Theory of mind questioner (38 questions form) were used for collecting the data, and covariance analysis were applied for decomposition and analysis the data. The result showed that there was significant positive effect on the overall level and first level of theory of mind in children with autism. Also, the result showed that there is no significant effect on the second and third levels in children with autism. Theory of mind training can bring promotion some levels of theory of mind in children with autism.

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sensory integration exercises based on Ayres theory on reducing the stereotypic behaviors in autistic children 3-14 years. An applied research and semi-experimental with pretest_post-test design. Statistical population consisted of all the 3-14 years old autistic children who were be trained in rehabilitation centers in 3 cities in Tehran province. The sample consisted of 20 autistic children that were selected via Targeted sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups.(10 experimental group and 10 control ) For the experimental group; sensory integration exercises based on Ayres model for six months and three days in a week for an hour each session was conducted on an individual . Data from the stereotyped behaviors sub-test of Gillians Autism Rating Scale obtained .Data were analyzed by independent samples t-test. Our findings showed that the effectiveness and reduction in stereotyped behaviors in autistic children use of sensory integration exercises based on Ayers theory.

The present study was to evaluate marital satisfaction and sexual desire disorder Parents who have children or children with autism and cerebral palsy, was carried out. This study is causal-comparative research. The population consisted of all children with autism and cerebral palsy parents with rehabilitation clinics (four and six private universities) are in Tehran in 1393. Of the total visitors, 150 parents (75 parents of autistic children and 75 parents of children with cerebral palsy), for example, were selected by cluster sampling method. To get data Enrich marital satisfaction and sexual desire questionnaire was used for data analysis test (t) we used independent. The results showed that in all the variables related to two factors of marital satisfaction and sexual desire, parents of children cerebral palsy had higher scores than the parents of autistic children and the differences between the two groups was significant at the level of 05/0 = α. According to the results, it seems that the intensity and extent of sexual desire disorder in children and marital satisfaction and parent's groups. Because of the limited scope of autism, mental, cognitive, social, communicative and more than cerebral palsy, parents of children with autism more quality sex marriage and children, have been affected by the nature of the disorder.

Movementimpairment, in addition to physical limitations, leaves Psychological impacts and effects on a person's self-image and emotional characteristics. This effect, at the age of adolescence, creates special conditions that because of physical limitation supports has been considered secondary.In this study, for integrated assessment, Rorschach ink blot (RIM), as a projective test, and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescence (MMPI-A), as an objective test are used and variables: intelligence, age, sex and severity of motor impairment are controlled. The results show specific clinical pattern in adolescents with motor impairment exists. In the study group, the Ego-Impairment was observed and the turmoil emotion associated with increased risk of suicide. In terms of cognitive, thought disorders and rationalization as a defense mechanism, are common. Although F, Sc, Pa, and S-CON in MMPI-A are almost evaluated, but schizophrenia, and thought disorder was not diagnose in RIM. Finally, an effort has been made to interpret the integrate measurement results based on object relations theory. Based on the results, it is recommended to evaluate the clinical adolescents with movementimpairments, objective and projective assessment of the master plan is used to the results more consistency and higher reliability of detection have.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of communication skills on the quality of life of mothers of children with disabilities - motor city Shiraz. Quasi-experimental study with pretest - posttest control group was done. The study population consisted of 120 mothers of children with disabilities were in the city. The sample consisted of mothers who before the independent variable, quality of life questionnaire run on them, and of the 80 mothers who had scores lower than average, 60 mothers were placed randomly and evenly into two groups and control gestated. The independent variable was the experimental group, the same communication skills, in 8 sessions of 120 minutes, and to control any variable not apply. After completing training or independent variable for group tests, post-tests were conducted. The instrument used in this study, quality of life questionnaire SF-36 (World Health Organization, 2002) and statistical data analyzed by t-test was the difference. The results showed that communication skills training to improve the quality of life of mothers of children with disabilities is effective (p

This research investigated computerized training program effect on the increasing of short-term memory and attention improvement. The statistic population of this research involved students between 7 to 10 years old referred to the center of learning disabilities in khorramdarreh city in 1392-93 school-year. The statistic sample consisted of 27 students were selected from their names list simple randomly. The sample students divided to experimental and control groups. The experimental group was practicing in 8 sessions of 45 minutes in the computerized training program in the presence of their instructor. The collected data analyzed by analysis of covariance and t-test methods using spss-19 software. Consequently, results showed that computerized training program could increase short-term memory and attention in children with learning disabilities (p

Improving interpersonal problem solving skills of gifted students would facilitate their confrontation with everyday conflict situations. Due to the necessity of these skills in the lives of the gifted students, a creative interpersonal problem solving training program was developed, and its effectiveness on problem solving skills of the elementary gifted students was evaluated. The design of the study was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. Among 5 different 4th grade classes in an all-girl school in north Tehran, two were randomly selected and assigned as experimental and control groups. The students in these two classes were screened by the Raven Progressive Matrix of Intelligence (1938) and the verbal section of Tehran Stanford-Binet test of intelligence (Afrooz & Hooman,1996). The experiment group participated in the interpersonal creative problem solving program, and the control group did not receive any treatment. Alternative Solution Scale (Shure & Spivak, 1985) was used to measure their problem solving capabilities. Data was analyzed using analysis of covariance and repeated measures analysis of the variance. Findings showed significant differences (p

The aim of this study is to compare the mental stamina and my strength between gifted and regular students. In order to do this study of 50 school students gifted in the way of sampling and 50 of normal school students in Yazd were selected using random cluster sampling and questionnaires were distributed among them my mental stamina and strength. The data by t-test at a significance level of p

This study was conducted to aim at determining the efficacy of the family-based psychological intervention plans on mental health, marital satisfaction and the pregnant mother's infant's birth weight in Ghazvin. This research was carried out based on a Quasi-experimental research with pre and post-test exam in which 50 pregnant mothers were chosen based on convenience sampling. The subjects were randomly divided into two 25-person groups_ an intervention group and a control one_ the intervention group was trained and asked to take part in a 15-session family-based psychological intervention training course. However, this training course was not implemented to the control group. The tools used in this research were Afrooz Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (AMSQ), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The collected data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance. Results revealed that, after intervention, the average score of marital, mental health and infant's birth weight satisfaction were significantly higher than that of control group. Also, implementing family-based psychological intervention plans training course seemed to have positive and substantial effects on all minor marital satisfaction scales (spouse's ideal thinking, marital satisfaction, personal behaviors, communicational and social behaviors, problem solving method, financial affairs and economic activities, feeling in religious behaviors, parenting or child rearing method, leisure time, feeling interaction_ verbal & visual_ , physical symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social efficiency, and depression). Family-based psychological intervention plans improved pregnant mother's situations and positively affected on the infant's birth weight. Thus, performing appropriate plans for implementing such training courses to pregnant mothers is of great importance.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of religious orientation (internal and external) and defense mechanisms on prediction of resiliency in Mothers of slow paced children. The research method is descriptive correlational. Study population: All mothers of slow paced children living in the city of Khorramabad, from among whom 100 patients were randomly chosen. Data collection instruments are as follow: Resiliency questionnaire developed by konovr and Davidson (2000), religious orientation questionnaire by Alport (1997) and defensive mechanism questionnaire by Andruz (1993). Data were analyzed with using coefficient Pearson's correlation and regression. The results showed that there is a significant positive correlation between resiliency and internal religious orientation (p=0/001), and there is a significant negative correlation between resiliency and external religious orientation (p=0/005). Also there is significant positive correlation between resiliency with mature defense mechanism (p