مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد
سال بیست و ششم شماره 4 (پیاپی 140، تیر 1397)

Introdution: Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) remains one of the most complex and unresolved aspects of ischemic heart disease that the impact of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on improvement of intensity of ischemic mitral regurgitation is not well clarified. Patients with coronary artery diseases and ischemic mitral regurgitation have a worse prognosis than the patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and those without ischemic mitral regurgitation. We sought to investigate the impact of complete revascularization by percutaneous coronary intervention PCI on improvement of IMR in patients with CAD and comparisons of echocardiography indices in patients with and without improvement of ischemic mitral regurgitation. In this cross sectional retrospective study, echocardiographic reports in pre- percutaneous coronary intervention time and 12 months after PCI of patients with moderate (≥2+) ischemic mitral regurgitation who underwent complete revascularization by percutaneous coronary intervention from Farvardin 1391 to Esfand 1393 were included in the study. Then, echocardiographic data of the patients with improved ischemic mitral regurgitation compared with the patients with non-improved ischemic mitral regurgitation. Comparison of echocardiographic indices before and after percutaneous coronary intervention revealed that after percutaneous coronary intervention (P = 0.002) in 15 patients (16%), improvement in ischemic mitral regurgitation was occurred. Also, left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0.010), left ventricular end- diastolic (P = 0.003) and end-systolic diameters (P < 0.001), wall motion score index (P = 0.003), left atrial area (P = 0.001) and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (P = 0.046) in pre- percutaneous coronary intervention echocardiography were different between improved and none-improved IMR group. Although, percutaneous coronary intervention can lead to improvement of ischemic mitral regurgitation but most patients did not show improvement of ischemic mitral regurgitation after percutaneous coronary intervention. The structural abnormality of left ventricle and atrium were different between improved and none-improved IMR group

Introdution: Seizure is the most common neurologic symptom of neonatal period and brain CT scan can be helpful in finding of its etiology. The purpose of present study was to evaluate brain CT scan findings of admitted neonates with clinical seizure and its correlation with clinical findings. In a retrospective descriptive study, medical records and brain CT scan findings of neonates with clinical seizure who were admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit or Pediatric Ward of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran were evaluated from 2007–2016. Brain CT scans of 41 girls (49.4%) and 42 boys (50.6%) were evaluated and brain CT scan was normal abnormal in 29 newborns (35%). Abnormal brain CT was more frequent in neonates with history of birth asphyxia (63.6% vs. 24.6%, p= 0.001), partial seizure (58% vs. 21.2%) and seizure in less than 72 hours of birth (55% and vs. 28.6%, p= 0.03). Based on the result of present study, brain CT scans might be useful in detection of brain pathology of seizure causes in neonate with history of birth asphyxia, partial seizure and seizure in less than 72 hours of birth.

Introdution: Physical training causes functional and morphological changes in myocardium in response to regulatory adaptations same as Phosphatidilinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) changes. Present study aimed to experimentally investigate the effects of endurance and high intensity interval training on PI3K, structure and function of heart. For this experimental study, 24 male rats (age 3 months; weight 221.6 ± 11.4 grams) divided randomly into the control (n=6), sham (n=6), interval (n=6) and endurance (n=6) groups. The endurance group swam for 12 weeks/5 days per week whereas the swimming time increased incrementally. Also, the interval group swam 12 weeks/4 days per week while the load to body weight ratio and time to rest ratio increased incrementally. Twenty-four hours after the last exercise, echocardiography was done and 48h later, heart weight and left ventricle weight, and plasma for PI3K measurement (using ELAISA Reader) was taken. To assess the data, one-way ANOVA was utilized and Tukey-HSD was used to point out the place of significancy (α ≤ 0.05). Findings showed that heart (p= 0.03) and left ventricle weights (p= 0.01), stroke volume (0.01), Left ventricular end diastolic volume (0.04), and ejection fraction (p= 0.02) after endurance and high intensity interval training were significantly more than the sham and control groups (p< 0.05). In addition, PI3K significantly increased (p= 0.00) in the endurance (6.58 ng/ml) and interval (6.67) rather than the sham (5.37) and control groups (4.07). It can be concluded that both the endurance and interval training schedules increase PI3K and they led to physiological hypertrophy of heart. Since the whole time of high intensity interval training is significantly shorter than that of the endurance training (~ 9%), it seems more beneficial to be executed.

Stevia rebaudiana has been recently known as an antioxidant, antiflammatory, and antimicrobial agent. Hepatoprotective and antidiabetic properties of the aqueous extract of S. rebaudiana on diabetic mice has been assessed in the present study. Diabetes was induced by administration of 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin intraperitoneally in 35 mature male mice and they were randomly divided into 5 groups. The negative and positive control(non-treated- diabetic) groups received normal saline and treatment groups received glibenclamide at dose 0.5 mg/kg and aqueous extract of S. rebaudiana at doses of 200 and 400 μg/kg through gavage for 15 consecutive days. On the last day, serum levels of blood glucose and AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (alanineaminotransferase), and ALP (alkaline-phosphatase) enzymes were measured. Total volume of the liver, hepatocytes, sinusoids, portal vein, central vein, hepatic arteries and bile ducts were estimated on the histological sections. The levels of blood glucose and ALT and ALP enzymes were decreased significantly (P Aqueous extract of S. rebaudiana (sweet fraction), can regulates the levels of blood glucose and liver enzymes and inhibits from hepatic damages in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

Introdution: Angiogenesis is important for tumor growth and metastasis. It is determined by microvessel density (MVD). The goal of this study was to evaluate microvessel density in the salivary glands mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and its association with histological grading.

In this cross-sectional study, 17 mucoepidermoid carcinoma paraffin blocks were extracted. CD34 immunohistochemically staining was done for evaluation of vascular density. Microvessel density was measured by vessel counting at ×400 magnification, in vascular areas with the highest concentration. The obtained results were analysed using ANOVA method and post hoc test of Scheffe.

The mean of microvessel density in low, intermediate and high grades were 31.66, 47.66 and 47.8, respectively. Significant difference was observed between the mean of microvessel density and histological grading of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (P =0.024). The mean of microvessel density in the high and intermediate grades tumors were significantly more than low grade (p =0.039 and p =0.025, respectively), but there was no significant difference in the mean of microvessel density between the high and intermediate histological grades )p=1.000).

According to the results, there is a significant association between angiogenesis and histological grades of mucoepidermoid carcinoma and also more angiogenesis is observed in tumors with higher malignant grade.

Introdution: An estimated 3% of the world population is chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), and it is a major health problem that causes cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the new directly acting antivirals (DAAs) for curing chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the control of the disease has remained a global challenge. Several reasons, including presence of asymptomatic chronic carriers, very high drug prices, and inability of all communities to access to new medications have limited the efficacy of the treatment. Therefore, developing a preventive vaccine that can reduce the likelihood of transmission, as well as a vaccine that can help improve chronic disease or prevent the progression of HCV infection to chronic and persistent infection may be a realistic goal to control the global epidemic.
Several studies have been conducted to develop the therapeutic and preventive vaccines, some of which have been investigated in phases I and II of clinical trials. This review discusses the importance of the need to a vaccine for HCV, challenges ahead, various aspects of vaccine development for HCV and summarizes some prospective vaccine approaches.

Introdution: Nowadays, the use of internal fixation in the field of orthopedics is increasing. On the other hand, there is no clear criteria at hand on removal of orthopedic implants, and there is disagreement among orthopedic surgeons on the necessity of routine removal of orthopedic implants in all patients after the healing of the fracture, and many surgeons take a personal approach towards the issue. Therefore, this study was conducted with the purpose of examining the result of hardware removal in patients admitted to Yazd’s Shahid Sadoughi Hospital.

This study was a descriptive cross-sectional one, in which the patients were examined based on some factors, including age, gender, height, weight, BMI, location of the fracture and the mechanism of injury, degree of satisfaction, degree of activity, degree of pain, the reason for removal of the implant and the quality of life, using the SF-36 questionnaire. Results: The mean quality of life score in the patients before the surgery was 81.41. After the surgery the score reached to the number of 87.23 (P-value = 0.0001), which was a significant improvement in the quality of life of the patients after the removal of the implant. In addition, the findings showed a significant reduction in pain after the surgery (p-value=0/0001).

Noting that there is a disagreement on the subject of routine removal of orthopedic implants, the results of this study showed that most patients desired the removal of the implant. based on the improvement of pain score and quality of life score after the surgery, by considering the side effects, removal of the implant seems beneficial and leads to improved the quality of life, increased pain and an improve in patient daily activity and performance.

Introdution: The research has been indicated that reactive oxygen species induced the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. However, this mechanism has been unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of concurrent training on some of the heart apoptosis variables
(BAX,BCL-2) following by the injection of different H2O2 dose in Wistar rat males.

50 male rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 10 rats in which group. Groups included: group (1): control group (C), group (2, 3): injection of 1 and 2ml H2O2, group (4,5): exercise and injection of 1and 2 ml H2O2. Exercise groups have been run on treadmill for four days during 8 weeks at moderate intensity. 24 hr after the last exercise and in anesthetic state all rats have been knockouted to determine bax and bcl2 proteins ratio. For measuring the BAX and BCL-2 proteins were used by ELISA technic and total protein were determined by brad ford technic. Data were analyzed by SPSS 17, one ways ANOVA was used to analysis of data at the level of p≤0/05.

The results have been indicated that after two month continues training no significant difference in BAX, BCL-2 proteins and BAX/BCL2 ratio in exercise and H2O2 groups in compared by control groups.

based on the result of this study if the 8-week continues training has been followed by H2O2 injection with both of one and two ml H2O2 concentration, it may not have induced apoptosis cardio myocyte in rats. And it may adjusted the synthesis and degradation myocardial