نشریه مطالعات اخلاق کاربردی
سال هشتم شماره 29 (بهار 1397)

Religious preaching which means the scientific, pure, and systematic invitation of the people to God and His messages and placing people in the orbit of the right path towards God is the best practice from the perspective of the Qur'an. Religious preachers should be similar to the prophets and have moral and ethical attitudes, in order to receive and convey the message of God like the successful prophets. If religious preachers suffer from moral and theological qualities, they cannot succeed in solving their addressees' problems and their shortcomings. The purpose of ethical issues of residing missioners is the shortcomings and obstacles that religious clergies engage in in a village or in a nomadic city or area and, with those issues, cannot perform their duties. The ethical issues of the clergies stem from a variety of factors; some of the ethical issues of residing missioners such as non-observance of trusts in religion preaching, politics, and learning are due to the weakness of religious knowledge. Other aspects, such as the inability to influence and transform, derive from practical inequity with virtues Religion and the content of religion, a series of issues such as lack of purity of purpose and humility, courage to present a divine message, and fear of loss of position, are due to financial problems, and the other factors, such as not being serious about communicating the message of religion, artificial behavior, taking away the necessary promotional skills, and lack of knowing the addressees due to lack of interest in preaching.

Morality is one of the elements that influences social activities and plays a key role in the success of religious preaching. The subject of this research is "ethics of religious propagation" and its main goal is "ethical harm in the field of preaching of religion". This research, using two methods of library and field studies, attempts to answer the fundamental question of what moral damages are in the field of preaching of religion and how many they are? What are their causes and reasons? The main findings of the research are, firstly, the moral damages in the field of propagation of religion are divided into two main types of individual and organizational; secondly, the weakness of the religious beliefs of the clergies themselves, the low level of high motivation and entry into the field of preaching before obtaining the necessary preparations, are counted as the most important causes and grounds of moral harm are in the field of propagation of religion and, thirdly, the most important causes and grounds of moral harm to the organization are: the lack of an organization Strong and efficient management at the head of religious preaching organizations, the absence of organizational ethical charts, superficial engagement with organizational ethics and disregard Education and the promotion of ethics in the organization and institutionalizing ethics in the organizational culture.

Promoting religion and guiding people to divine values are the principles of the prophets' mission and tradition and the essence of the monotheistic religions and it is considered as one of the important attributes of the true religions. In order to improve this divine duty, it is worthwhile to study about preaching in various areas such as "its content", "audience" and "preachers' requirements", each of which, of course, requires its own special needs. In this research, the ethical dimensions of the preachers to improve the preaching process will be discussed. In divine religions, preaching is based on the preachers' understanding of religion and their own adherence to religious teachings, and being influenced by ethical values and virtues; hence, recognizing the amount of duty and utilizing ethical virtues based on Quranic verses and religious sources to improve the capacity of the field of preaching and the promotion of the ethical dimensions is necessary. If the speaker's speech is based on his deep belief, the effect of his invitation to divine values is doubled. This research tries to examine those moral virtues which the prophets and divine beings have adorned in their promotional task and have played a significant role in their success and add to the efficiency of preaching methods.

The cultivation of human talents is so great in reaching out to high ethical virtues. This is of paramount importance to the student population. Undoubtedly, students who are committed to ethical obligations will in future ensure the safety of society. According to their mission, the scholars of the seminary, in addition to studying religious texts and teaching morality, are tasked with familiarizing this valuable group with the advent of religious teachings and methods of self-education. In this paper, we are going to describe the ethics of effective preaching for attracting students and its harmful factors by analytical descriptive method. The results of the research indicate that the amount in student affairs should adhere to important principles such as goodness and benevolence, proportionality, communication ability, goodness and promotion of the level of knowledge and experience, and should be informed of problems and harming factors to themselves, the environment and related organizations.

This research has been conducted with the goals of promoting the quality of preaching, familiarity with the moral difficulties of preaching religious teachings and the ways to solve them. Some of the most important of these difficulties are as: preaching the opposite sex, preaching in Sunni areas and preaching in areas of cultural diversity such as barracks. The main question of the research is what are the ethical difficulties of religion promotion and ways to solve them? In response to this question, it was concluded that moral principles and ethical values such as chastity, justice, benevolence, retrospection, the preservation of unity among the Islamic religions, the avoidance of sectarianism and partisanship, reliance on common principles, and democracy, will cause the problems of the preaching to come to an end.
The research method in this study is a descriptive-analytical study and for the collection of materials, library method has been used. Also, this research is considered to be an applied research in terms of its objectives.

In verse 46 of the Suran “al-Ahzab” God consideres one of the five goals of the Prophet's mission as "calling to God by his permission". The commentators in the meaning of "permission" in this verse have said a variety of words; many (like Tabari) have considered permission as "commandments";some (as Zamakhshari) have referred to it as "facilitating"; others perceive permission as "mission." According to other verses of the Holy Qur'an and the attributes of the Prophet Muhammad mentioned in Nahjul Balagh, it turns out that the invitation of the Prophet to God has had two attributes of "truth" and "truthfulness". By analyzing these two features, it is evident that the true invitation should be based on four true elements, including: should be based on reason (proving truth), to actually conform the truth (real truth), and the da'i (the inviter) himself should also believe and be committed (the truth of the agent). Therefore, every invitation that has all three types of truth is "an allowed invitation from Allah". Therefore, the constraint of the permission to invite to God will prevent the harm of religious propagation such as heresy, use of inappropriate means, imprecise speech, lying and inviting others and giving up oneself.