نشریه پرستاری کودکان
سال پنجم شماره 1 (پاییز 1397)

The aim of this study is to predict emotion regulation based on attachment styles and perceived parenting styles in high school students. The present study is correlational. The study population consisted of all female students in Bojnord. The sample consisted of 167 students who were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. In this study were used three tools include attachment styles, parenting styles and emotion regulation questionnaires. To analyze the data, were used descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression analysis). The results showed that there is a significant linear relationships between emotion regulations with secure attachment (p< 0/01). But between insecure attachment styles and perceived parenting styles there is no significant relationship (p >0/01). According to the findings can be said that secure attachment affect on emotional development, so we should have programs to alert parents for communicate with children appropriately. Nurses play an important role in providing comprehensive services to children and adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems and their families, such findings can be used by nurses in emergency time.

Lullabies are sleepy and relaxing music for Newborns that are used in all cultures to relieve infants. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of lullabies on heart rate changes during endotracheal suctioning. In this clinical trial, 25 neonates admitted to the NICU section of Za'inab Hospital in Shiraz were examined. Each Newborns was evaluated twice. In both cases, 10 minutes before and after the suction, the heart rate of the infants were recorded using the APIB. The mean heart rate before suctioning was not significant between the two groups (P = 0.39), while the mean heart rate after suction in the lullaby group was significantly lower than silence (P <0.001). Mean The heart rate before suctioning was not significant in the lullaby group before the suctioning (P = 0/133), but in the silence group, it was significant (P <0.001). Considering the findings of this study showed that lullabies are effective in reducing heart rate due to endotracheal suctioning, it is recommended that nurses use this method as an effective intervention to reduce the pain and stress of newborns in painful procedures.

People with autism spectrum disorder have different cognitive and intelligence features than normal people. This study aims to evaluate and compare the cognitive profile of high-functioning autistic children and normal children. For this purpose, 25 high-functioning autistic children were selected by sampling from two centers which had been introduced by consultant and responsible of those centers and for comparing, 25 normal children from two girls and boys school were selected by random sampling. Assessment tools in this study were the Stanford Binet Intelligence Test and The PDD Assessment Scale/ Screening Questionnaire to measure autism. Finding: The results suggest that there are significant differences between autism and normal groups in cognitive scales of verbal fluid argument scale, (P=0/0001), nonverbal quantitative argument scale, (P=0/001), nonverbal visual-spatial scale, (P=0/017), non-verbal fluid argument (P=0/005). This means that autistic children in verbal and nonverbal fluid argument scales were better than normal students and students with normal growth were better in nonverbal quantitative argument and nonverbal visual-spatial scales. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the remaining subscales including verbal quantitative argument, verbal and nonverbal working memory, verbal and nonverbal knowledge, verbal spatial visualization scales. Given the results of this study, it is possible to have a good performance in diagnosis and rehabilitation of these children by examining cognitive characteristics of high-functioning children.

The effect of psychosocial work environment on personal and organizational aspects of employees is well-known; and paying no attention to these factors can cause physical and mental diseases and negative attitude to professional activities and reduction of efficacy in the professional activities of nurses. The aim of this study was to evaluate psychosocial factors at work environment and compare them in two groups of children and adults wards’ nurses in the selected Isfahan city hospitals at 2016. This was a descriptive-comparative study. Subjects were 210 nurses’ adult and pediatric wards of selected hospitals in Isfahan. In this study, sampling was done by multistage random method. The instrument used was a demographic questionnaire and the short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Findings showed that the mean score of job satisfaction in adult wards’ nurses was significantly more than children wards’ nurses (P<0/05), and work-family conflict score in them was significantly less than the children wards’ nurses (P<0/o5). There was significant difference between the mean total score of psychosocial factors in the work environment between the two groups (P<0/05). There was no significant relationship variables like age, job experience, gender, marital and employment status with psychosocial factors in work environment (P>0/05). The present study indicated that psychosocial health in pediatric wards’ nurses is less than the nurses in adult wards. Applying new business ideas, team working nurses, participation in hospital affairs, providing educational opportunities, providing managerial support etc., have important effects on the frequency and severity of burnout dimensions and job dissatisfaction in nurses especially in pediatric nurses.

most behavioral disorders cause by lack of attention to sensitive period of childhood that lead to behavioral problems for children. Behavioral problems are common and disabling disorder that causes a person to be vanished. Information on the extent and prevalence of behavioral disorders in children And its triggering factors To enhance psychological services and establishing preventive indicators for children's mental health is essential.This study aimed to determine the prevalence of behavioral disorders among primary school students and its determinants in Qaen in2016. This is a cross-sectional study which hase been done on 384 primary school students in Qaen. Samples have been selected based on a multistage random sampling and Rutter behavioral disorder questionnaire (teacher and parents form) was used for data collection. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Chi-square and regression. Our results showed that 16.1% (parents form) and 11.1% (teacher form) of participants suffered from behavioral disorders. According to the findings from teacher's form; the prevalence of behavioral disorders had significant relationship with educational status (p<0/05).
According to the findings from parent's form; the prevalence of behavioral disorders had significant relationship with parental substance abuse (p<0/05).
Findings from parent's and teacher's form; the prevalence of behavioral disorders had no significant relationship with other demographic characteristics (p>0/05). The prevalence of behavioral disorders in children in this study was lower than other similar studies. The difference in the results of various studies can be attributed to the difference in the family, cultural, psychological and social life of the child and the relationship between the communities.

Adolescence is a transition period from childhood to early adulthood. Dysfunctional social skills lead to anxiety in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of group teaching of assertiveness on social skills and social anxiaty in male students. Teaching assertiveness was the independent variable, and social skills and social anxiaty were the dependent variables. The present study was a field experimental study with pre- post-test. The variables were measured by social skills Scale and social anxiaty Scale. The sample consisted of 30 male students who were enrolled in the school year of 2016-17, and were selected through simple random sampling method, and were randomly assigned to two groups (experimental and control). Before teaching assertiveness to experimental group, the pre-tests of social skills and social anxiaty were administrated to both groups. Then, the teaching package of assertiveness was adminstred to the experimental group and no training was provided to the control group. After the completion of the course, social skills and social anxiaty post-tests were administrated to both groups. Results of analysis of covariance indicated that teaching assertiveness causes a significant increase in social skills (F= 33.22, p<0.001), and decrease in social anxiaty (F= 5.42, p<0.02). according to the results of this study teaching assertiveness increased social skills, and decrease in social anxiaty in male students.

The present study was conducted to investigate the Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on family performance and parent-child relationships of the parents of children with learning disability. The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the study included all the parents of the children with learning disability in the city of Isfahan in academic year 2016-17. Non-probable available sampling method and random putting were used in the present study in a way that 30 parents were selected through purposive and available method from those referred to Tamasha consultation center and they were randomly put into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received training intervention during two-and-a-half months in ten ninety-minute sessions while the people in the control group didn’t receive such intervention in the process of doing the study. The applied questionnaires included parent-child relationship questionnaire (Fine, Morland and Shobel, 1983), and family performance questionnaire (Nathan, Baldwin, and Bishop, 1983). The research data were analyzed through ANCOVA method via SPSS 24 software. Findings: The data analysis results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy has been effective on family performance (P<0.001) and parent-child relationships (P<0.001) in the parents of the children with learning disability. According to the findings of the present study it can be stated that acceptance and commitment therapy can be employed as efficient therapy to improve family performance and parent-child relationships of the parents of the children with learning disability.

Assessing the evolutionary process of children is a reliable means of checking their health status. Because early diagnosis of developmental disorders and timely treatment of it can prevent irreversible neurological complications and disorders. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The research community of children aged 4 to 24 months is covered by health centers in Jahrom. Sampling was done as a simple sampling. The instrument used in this study was an Age and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ), which was completed to study growth and development by Parents. Each questionnaire has 30 questions and evaluates individual-social domains, delicate movements, large movements, communication, and problem solving. Of the 155 children ,102 cases were female (58%) and 53 cases boys (30%). The mean age of the children was 5 ± 10 months.Most children in the age range of 12 months (36 %) . The lowest score was related to communicating (52.4 ± 7.50) and the highest score was for problem solving (56.7 ± 5.01). According to the results of this study, evolutionary delay was observed in children. It is recommended that they be identified as soon as possible so that they are treated before entering school and prevent future educational, social and occupational problems.

As in any society, children and young people constitute one of the most important segments of society, infectious diseases can have adverse consequences on the family level, prevent the individual and society. Although climate change and climate alone do not cause disease itself but its side effects can be seen in various diseases including infectious diseases to be effective. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between climate change and infectious diseases in children Ardabil province during. The research is descriptive and correlational. Climate data used for this study is a significant sum, monthly and seasonal average temperatures, relative humidity and total average frost days in the synoptic station in the city of Ardabil, anklet, Pars Abad and Meshgin in the period (1978 to 2015) is used data on infectious diseases (including diarrhea, meningitis, pneumonia, asthma, measles, rubella) city hospitals in Ardabil, Parsabad, anklets and Meshgin were taken and more data use were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The results showed that the moisture infectious diseases (r=-0.19) negative correlation between the temperature of infectious diseases (r=-.24) negative relationship between pressure against infectious diseases (r=0.05) significant positive correlation between infectious diseases (r=-.35) There is a significant negative correlation (p<0.05). Accordingly, we can conclude the climate impact of the spread of infectious diseases in children. The presence of proper climatic conditions can lead to cellular growth in various viruses and microbes accelerate But adverse conditions such as very low temperatures, low humidity prevent From rapid growth and even destruction Viruses and germs In the environment.

Over the past decades, the growing awareness of spirituality has increasingly raised the interest of clinical professionals to work in this area. An issue that has not been properly addressed is the importance of understanding spirituality in childhood.The aim of this study was to obtain an accurate understanding of spiritual development of children and its application in the field of health This integrated review was performed using Broome method. Databases of SID, IranMedex, Google Scholar, Medline, Scopus, Elsevier, PubMed, Science direct and ProQuest were used to find related articles. About 984 extracted studies and finally 30 studies were used. Fowler has introduced the stage of faith development. In his theory, faith stages are: intuitive-projective, mythic-literal, synthetic-conventional, individuative-reflective, conjunctive faith and universalizing faith. Results obtained by Coles have been indicative of a natural tendency toward spirituality, which originates from the innate sense of curiosity and fascination of discovering the world. Therefore, this type of tendency is observed from the early stages of life. Theory of “relational consciousness” is proposed by Hay and Nye, according to which all children have innate spirituality. It’s developed capacity for awareness toward relationship with self, others, the world and a greater power. From the mentioned study, three spiritual sensitivity or consciousness were obtained, including feeling of alertness and awareness, a sense of mystery and sense of value. Bradford introduced the fourth branch of spiritual sensitivity to be the social dimension. Gardner was the first scholar who presented the theory of multiple intelligences and introduced spirituality as intelligence. Zohar and Marshall explained that spiritual showing the most appropriate path. Intelligence can give deeper meanings to life of people by showing the most appropriate path. Growing results of researches shows that spirituality has a significant impact on human physical, psychological and mental health. Despite the fact that the theory of Fowler, in which neurological development processes including cognitive knowledge and logical thinking are the main focus of concepts of spirituality in the science of medicine, review of other studies have demonstrated that new perspectives can be used to understand the spirituality of children and have more effects in Providing child health.