نشریه سیاست پژوهی ایرانی
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 5، پاییز 1394)

Religiously, the aim of establishing government is to take advantage of political power for achieving high ambitions of the conspicuous religion such as justice and institutionalization of pure Islamic culture in the community. But there are challenges and harms vis-à-vis this sacred aim, that can jeopardize achievement of such aim and the leader and founder of the Islamic Republic have always been concerned about it; in the meantime, recognition and analysis of cultural harms have gained double significance thanks to approach of religious government. Henceforth, a review over the most important concerns of Imam Khomeini (ra) raised with a pathological look in his blessed lifetime can help us to maintain the religious government because he blessed with intuition, vigilance, recognition and courage dealt with introducing and making such harms known as well as offering strategies. This article tries to explore cultural harms, if unattended, can threaten religious government, keep away ideals and ambitious from being achieved and pave the ground for emerging non-religious doctrines and their gradual domination. In other words, in case cultural harms emerge, they can be the most serious harms leading to resultant dangers happening to foundation of religious government and its metamorphosis.

Thanks to his pragmatic conduct as well as his broad-based thoughts, Imam Khomeini (ra) stands shining as ever-living reality and transnational figure across human community. Personality of Imam Khomeini (ra) enjoys various and multifarious aspects because of being broad in thinking and practical in domain. This feature is directly reflected in his state of behavior and discourse in such a way that uncovering his thoughts and life-history is representative of a general system that indicates reasonable integration and communication of its components. In the meantime, although over three decades past the Islamic revolution victory, this question is raised that what necessity rules for transnational thoughts and position-takings and why the Islamic Republic of Iran plays a role in transnational areas. In this respect, studying transnational thoughts of Imam Khomeini (ra) and their reflection among nations worldwide can show us a very opening way. In this article, some aspects of transnational thoughts of Imam Khomeini (ra) have been uncovered and on an analytical approach, it is stressed that there is a direct relationship between Imam’s transnational thoughts and universal manifestation of his movement.

Studying rulings of news broadcast and press is particularly important with a consideration given to age of communications and the need of jurisprudence to respond to matters concerned with the community. In school of Islam, jurisprudence is in charge of elucidating individual and social must’s and must not’s including jurisprudent rules of the rule “prohibited contributions to sin and prohibited contributions to oppression”. This article initially presents proofs and sources pertinent to these two rules taken from verses and narrations; it cites literal and idiomatic senses of these two rules through verses and later, it mentions ruling of these two rules from the opinions of jurisprudents and jurisprudent principles of Imam Khomeini (ra). Besides, considering the rule “prohibited contributions to sin”, it has dealt with one of the applying cases in media meaning the media which affects abnormally imitative behavior of the audience and further, considering the rule “prohibited contributions to oppressor”, it explores one of its applications meaning autocratic journalism. Consequently, with an emphasis on jurisprudent speculations of Imam Khomeini (ra), it finally discusses special role of news media in resuscitating “bid for good deeds and forbid bad deeds” so that rules of “prohibited contributions to sin and prohibited contributions to oppressor” would be practically achieved.

Peace as one of the common concerns among human beings has always been at issue throughout history and it has found a specific sense in different cultures and communities. Peace as an inter-subjective concept in Islamic writings like Nahj Al-Balagha means something different from what it is meant for western thinkers. Hence, definition of concept and philosophy of peace from two different Islamic and western views, dealing with aspects and angles of peace and advantages of such category are included among issues that have been attempted to be elucidated with an approach different and moern from other studies. It is necessary to mention that this article explore concept of peace through constructivist approach so that their comparative studies can be made while the concept is being defined in two western and Islamic views. Research is done in analytic-descriptive methodology and in applied type. This research includes hypothesis test method, library and information gathering tools in the form of documentations.

Undoubtedly, speculations of Imam Khomeini (ra) is regarded as one of the conceptual principles of defense and foreign policy of Islamic Republic of Iran. This, on one hand, is affected by unique status of Imam (ra) as founder of Islamic Revolution and on the other hand, these speculations affect the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Iran and political action of its defense and political agents. Based on this, this article by realizing important recognition of speculative principles of Imam’s vision in the area of Iran’s Islamic Republic defense and foreign policy has tried to respond to this question that what are the most important elements effective on defense and foreign policy of Islamic Republic of Iran in the eyes of Imam Khomeini (ra). Findings of this research obtained through analytic-descriptive method show that elements of discourse like the state-religion link, principle of invitation, rule of Nafy-e-Sabil (Rejecting the path), principle of friendship and immunity, separation of Dar Al-Islam and Dar Al-Kufr, safeguarding interests of the Islamic state and proximity of hearts are joined together based on speculations of Imam Khomeini (ra); principles, objectives and Iranian national interests such as maintaining the regime, neither the east nor the west, active idealism, revolution export, ummah building, diplomacy of jihad, democratically deterring strategy and…have been shaped within the realm of defense and foreign policy.

The utmost effort was made by Iranians for presenting a modern discourse in the constitutional age. Although minutes and elements of such discourse (containment of monarch’s power, freedom and law) not only failed to become hegemonic in Iran’s community, but also one self-willed and oligarchic government called government of Reza Shah emerged from within such discourse and turned dream of legalism of Iranians that was focus of constitutional discourse into a horrible nightmare in the despotic rule night of Reza Shah. This article deals with a study of how constitutional meta-discourse and its effective factors are formed. It is also shown that how subjective pre-structures of the forces affecting the constitutional movement embark on creating foreign identities and so new identity borders are forged within the movement; the central symbol of this movement changes from rule of law to modernization and security. Besides, it will be shown how otherness within social forces leads to zerosome political development and lack of meaningful change in political culture of community. Methodology applied in this article is discourse analysis of Laclau and Mouffe.