فصلنامه پرستاری سالمندان
سال چهارم شماره 2 (زمستان 1396)

The main purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social support and self-efficacy among older adults residing in nursing homes in Tehran at 2015.

In this descriptive-analytic study conducted in a cross-sectional design, 217 older adults residing in nursing homes of Tehran at 2015 participated. Simple random sampling method was used to select the participants. Three tools including Social Support Appraisals Scale (SS-A), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE-10) and a Demographic Questionnaire were utilized to measure the variables. Collected data were entered into SPSS and analyzed through descriptive indexes and analytic tests including Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Pearson correlation test, variance analysis and regression.

Descriptive findings showed that the mean of social support and self-efficacy were 32.23±9.75 and 17.68±4.00, respectively. Moreover, social support had a significant relationship with self-efficacy (p=0/008) and social support could predict 4% of self-efficacy.

According to the results, older residents of nursing homes in Tehran had medium social support and low self-efficacy. Regarding the significant relationship between social support and self-efficacy, it could be suggested that by improving social support of the elderly we may be witnessed increasing of their self-efficacy

Introduction and

Elderly population growth rate has accelerated compared to other age groups in the present era. Forecasts suggest that the highest rates of population growth would happen in this age group in developing countries, including Iran. The World Health Organization has classified the elderlies into three categories including young-old, old-old, and Oldest-old. Physical weakness becomes apparent after passing from the initial elderly years to old-old period. Elderlies require spending longer periods of time in beds as a result of muscle weakness and physical disability in the elderly and the diseases caused by aging. Arthritis, osteoporosis, musculoskeletal disorders, and side effects of the some disease such as myocardial infarction and stroke are some of aging-associated diseases. This article aims to discover the care-related problems in old elderlies and study the at-rest-related problems.

Direct observation, monitoring, and interviews with 20 geriatric physicians, and 5 specialized nurses for elderly were employed in this study. Unstructured interviews were conducted so that the objective was clear; however, the questions were not prearranged. They were more like a ‘guided conservation’ than a strict structured interview. The interviews were seeking factors in order to identify the old elderly-associated diseases and treatments. The length of interviews varied and they were conducted in the University of Welfare and Rehabilitation, Rofeide Rehabilitation Hospital, and Kahrizak Care, Treatment, and Education Center for the Disabled and Elderly.
Findings and

The results showed that paying attention to the elderly`s independence in the conduct of their personal affairs, the importance of easy use, meeting primary and secondary needs related to bed, and comfort and ease in elderly care in physical and psychological levels are the most important factors which need to be taken into account in bed design for elderlies. As a result, 13 items were extracted which led to an appropriate bed design to accommodate elderly`s needs

Introduction and purpose: The quality of care provided for elder person is affected by many factors, one of which is the attitude and ethical sensitivity of nurses towards elder people. The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitude and ethical sensitivity of nurses towards elder patients.

This research is descriptive-cross sectional. The study sample included nurses working in two hospitals, Nemazi and Shahid Faghihi of Shiraz. A total of 361 nurses were selected through easy sampling method. Cogan elderly attitude questionnaires and Lutezin ethical sensitivity questionnaire responded. For data analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, Scheffe post hoc test, Pearson correlation and linear regression was used.

Findings: The results showed that the attitude and the level of ethical sensitivity of nurses toward elder patients was in moderate level. There was also week direct linear relationship between nurses' ethical sensitivity and their attitude towards elder patients (P = 0.002 and r = .159).

since nurses are in a position to deal with elder patients with serious ethical issues, they need to be familiar with ethical issues and positive attitudes regarding care for the elderly, in order to respect to the rights of elder patients in making decisions and to maintain their independence.

Introduction and

By strengthening the service sector in the current world, the quality of providing these services to different groups, especially the elderly, can be of great importance. the main purpose of this research is to compare the quality of services provided by the private and public elderly in Tehran based on the model (SPO).

this research is of a quantitative and purposeful nature, but is descriptive of survey type. the statistical population of this study consists of all active aging population in Tehran's 22 districts, that a sample of 14 of them was examined by targeted sampling using a researcher-made questionnaire. spss version 24 was used to analyze the data collected.
Findings: The results indicate there was a significant difference in the quality of services in the public elderly with private placement on the basis of the model(spo) and the general elderly community in the three variables of structure, process, and outcome has a more favorable situation than that of the elderly.

based on the results of this research, it is suggested that the elderly faculties redefine the specialty of expertise based on the needs of the experts and the required staff on a client-centered basis based on the need of the elderly

The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of cognitive impairment, functional decline and its related factors.

In a cross-sectional study with 30 males and 30 females aged 70-78 years old in Hamedan with chronic history of disease, their cognitive status and their daily functioning were assessed using a 16-item cognitive status item questionnaire and a Bartlet index-adjusted questionnaire. it placed. Data analysis was performed using two-dimensional tables, Chi-square and logistic regression tests using SPSS version 20 software.

Data using multiple logistic regression showed that there was a significant relationship between cognitive status and functional status of elderly people (p <0.001). There was also a significant relationship between age, cognitive deficits and performance status, and cognitive impairment was significantly higher in women than in men (p <0.001).

The present study showed that the elderly suffer from an undesirable cognitive status to varying degrees, which is related to age, gender and gender variables. According to the results, improvement in performance, mobility and cognitive function are among the main goals of the elderly's rehabilitation, and the status of independence in elderly people's livelihood and lifestyle activities should be considered

Introduction and purpose: Elderly is one of the most critical stages of life, and it is a growing process that will account for a high percentage of the woild population in the near future. As the age increases, the risk of developing one or more chronic diseases increases, and cardiovascular diseases is one of the most common causes of mortality among the elderly, while it can be prevented by education and screening. The purpose of this study was to investigate the health status and educational needs of the elderly with cardiovascular diseases in Tabriz.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 184 elderly people. Sampling was easy and available within two months.The instrument was administered to ten faculty members and professors and cardiologists. After applying their comments, the questionnaire was used. For instrument reliability, r = 0.95 test was used and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.
Findings: The prevalence of illnesses and physical and psychological problems of the subjects included history of hypertension (62.4%), sleep disorders (38.5%), feeling of worry and anxiety (58.7%), cardiovascular (33%), diabetes (30.3%), history of specific disease (33.9%), history of hospitalization and surgery (74.3%), digestive problems (3.8%), respiratory problem (7.3%) , Kidney problems (4.6%)Nervous system disorders (4.6%).

The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension among the elderly is alarming for the general health of the community. Therefore, screening and health education is recommended to prevent this disease from developing in this age group.

The purpose of the study is to examine the role of socio - economic status elders on the rate of participation in sport for all.

The research methodology is a kind of descriptive, correlational and field research. The population included all male and female elders of Ahwaz; of age based (N=49,555). The sample was chosen randomly (n=380). Data collection tools included individual characteristics inventory, balanced inventory of socio - economic status. Formal and content validity was examined by getting feedback from 10 professors from Physical Education. Reliability coefficient of the inventories calculated based on Coronbach's alpha were respectively 0.71.

The results showed that the most physical activities of elders was 1-2 hours per week. That among components of socio- economic status (p=0.31, r=0.06), life status (p=0.001, r=0.018), Health Status (p=0.20, r=-0/07), education (p=0.77, r=0.018), economic status (p=0.14, r =0.09), housing status (p=0.10, r=-0.10), employment status (p=0.94, r=-0.004) the only significant relation was between life status and the elders' sport participation.

The results of multiple regression showed that life status variable can forecast participation rate in sport for all. Based on the results of the present study, it is recommended that authorities and planners consider measures by providing urban infrastructures to promote citizens' especially elder citizens' participation in sport activities

Introduction and purpose: Balance disorder and falling is one of the most important consequences of aging, worrying consequences that entails, including bone fractures .The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks virtual reality-based balance training on the balance of elderly men.

The present study was a semi-experimental and applied to 26 elderly male who were randomly divided into two groups of virtual reality based balance training (13 subjects) and control group (13 subjects) done. In order to evaluate the static, dynamic and functional balance Sharpened Romberg, modified Star Excursion Balance Test (Y) and berg Balance Test were used respectively. The experimental group performed virtual reality-based balance training for 8 weeks, three sessions per week and performed for 45 minutes. After 8 weeks of training, all stages of the pretest were repeated in the post test. To analyze the data, independent and paired t-test were used at the significance level of 0.05.
Finding: The results of independent t-test showed that the implementation of virtual reality-based balance training significantly improved the static balance (t = 1.74, P <0.05), dynamic (t = 2.75, P <0.05) and functional (T = 5.76, P <0.05) in the experimental group compared to the control group.

Performing virtual reality-based balance training exercises can greatly improve the balance of the elderly. Therefore, in order to prevent disturbance of balance and falling, it is recommended to use virtual reality based balance exercises in old age